Tasting green leaf volatiles by larvae and adults of Colorado potato beetle,Leptinotarsa decemlineata

Larvae and adults of the Colorado potato beetle,Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), are shown to have galeal gustatory cells that are highly sensitive to distillate of potato leaf extracts, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol, (E)-2-hexenal, and other saturated and unsaturated six-carbon alcohols. In larvae and adults, the sensory response patterns elicited by leaf homogenate, leaf distillate and a mixture of these two extracts differ in subtle ways. Beetle larvae feed most readily on Millipore disks treated with leaf homogenate and the mixture, but they did not feed on disks treated with leaf distillate. The differences in behavioral response and sensory input are used to derive a potential gustatory code that may stimulate different levels of feeding. This code may be disrupted by compounds present in nonhost leaves, thus leading to reduced feeding. Possible interactions of sapid leaf volatiles, amino acids, sugars, and potentially deterrent plant compounds are discussed.     

HEAT TRANSFER BETWEEN ROUGH SURFACES IN CONTACT OVER A HIGHLY ELLIPTICAL CONTOUR AREA: COMPARISON OF EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL RESULTS

This paper describes experimental and numerical studies of heat transfer between surfaces in contact over a highly elliptical area in a gas or in vacuum. Measurements of the steady-state thermal resistance of a high aspect ratio contact formed between cylindrical steel surfaces with widely different radii of curvature (76 cm vs 0.95 cm) are reported for two levels of surface roughness (0.05 μm and 1.0 μm rms) and compared to 3-D numerical results obtained with the multigrid method. Theoretical results obtained by evaluating the contact conductance acting over each surface element within the contour area with a method developed previously for rough but nominally flat surfaces are shown to be in excellent agreement with the rough surface experimental data.     

超高密度磁记录的课题与展望

介绍了超高密度记录的研究开发状况 ,论述了垂直磁记录技术的课题以及采用TMR磁头的、记录密度为Subterabit in2 的记录 读出特性。作为高密度记录所必需的头 盘界面技术 ,提出了接触记录技术的课题 ,还就STM (Scanningtunnelingmicroscopy)存储器论述了未来超高密度技术     

Muscular fatigue and maximum endurance time assessment for male and female industrial workers

A single arm pushing experiment was conducted in an electronic factory in Yantai, China to assess muscular fatigue using the theoretical models of muscular strength and maximum endurance time (MET) developed by Ma et al. (2009). Seventy seven workers, including 38 males and 39 females, participated in the study. The muscular strength of pushing was measured after the subject pushed a stick, with a force of 2.5 kgf, for 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 min. Fatigue rate was determined based on a regression approach. In addition to the theoretical model, the MET for such a pushing task was also determined using four empirical models in the literature. The results indicated that females were more resistant to muscular fatigue than males in the pushing task. The results of the muscular strength prediction show that the predictability of the muscular strength model is acceptable. The prediction errors for muscular strength for female subjects were significantly lower than those of the male subjects. The predicted MET using the theoretical model, with a group constant k, was highly correlated with those using the empirical models compared in the current study.     

Effects Of Ozone On The Production Of Biodegradable Dissolved Organic Carbon (BDOC) During Water Treatment

This article deals with the oxidation effect of ozone on the increasing fraction of biodegradable organic matter with the “ozotest” method, a laboratory technique which simulates the effect of ozonation and allows a complete oxidation assessment. Ozone treatment was performed on river water samples and sand filter effluent samples. Ozone consumption, reduction of UV absorbance and BDOC formation were monitored with applied ozone doses from 0 to 10 mg/L and with contact times from 0 to 60 min. The BDOC formation was optimum at an applied ozone dose of 0.25-0.5 mg O₃ per mg DOC (contact time = 5 min) corresponding to apparition of traces of residual ozone and maximum UV reduction. Maximum ozone consumption, UV reduction and BDOC formation occurred simultaneously during the first two minutes of treatment. Concerning BDOC formation, applied ozone dose showed a greater effectiveness than contact time. For the same quantity of consumed ozone, a short contact time associated with a high ozone dose was preferable to a long contact time and a low ozone dose.     

Torque Transmission Capabilities of Bonded Polygonal Lap Joints for Carbon Fiber Epoxy Composites

Although carbon fiber epoxy composite materials have excellent properties for structures, the joint in composite materials often reduces the efficiency of the composite structure because the joint is often the weakest area in the composite structure.

In this paper, the effects of the adhesive thickness and the adherend surface roughness on the static and fatigue strengths of adhesively-bonded tubular polygonal lap joints have been investigated by experimental methods. The dependencies of the static and fatigue strengths on the stacking sequences of the composite adherends were observed.

From the experimental investigations, it was found that the fatigue strength of the circular adhesively-bounded joints was quite dependent on the surface roughness of the adherends and that polygonal adhesively-bonded joints had better fatigue strength characteristics than circular adhesively-bonded joints.     

The effect of Al content on the wettability between liquid iron and MgOAl2O3 binary substrate

In the present study, the wettability between liquid iron with two different Al contents and MgOAl₂O₃ binary substrates was studied in reducing atmosphere. The contact angles between liquid iron with 18?ppm Al and MgO, MgO·Al₂O₃, Al₂O₃ were 133.5°, 113.7°, 126.9° respectively. With the variation of the substrate composition, the contact angles for the intermediate binary phases of the three components (MgO, MgO·Al₂O₃, Al₂O₃) obeyed the Cassie theory. In the experiment using iron with 370?ppm Al, all the contact angles were higher than that using low Al-containing iron. The surface of the iron drop was covered with an oxide layer, which mainly consisted of many small particles. With the variation of the substrate gradually from MgO to Al₂O₃, the composition of the oxide layer changed from MgO·Al₂O₃ to CaOAl₂O₃. The formation of the oxide layer prevented the spreading of liquid iron, leading to the increase of the contact angle.     

基于有限状态自动机的人眼开度PERCLOS实现算法

针对驾驶员驾驶过程中因疲劳引起的眼睛开度变化问题, 在原有PERCLOS(percentage of eyelid closure over the pupil over time)标准的基础上, 提出了一种基于有限状态自动机的人眼开度PERCLOS计算方法, 并将其应用到疲劳驾驶预警系统中。该系统首先采用红外摄像头实时获取驾驶员的脸部视频图像, 使用ASM(active shape models)算法进行人脸检测, 在定位到的人脸范围内搜索人眼区域并计算人眼开度, 为了避免人与摄像头距离变化影响计算结果, 对人眼开度进行归一化处理; 然后依据建立的有限状态自动机模型计算PERCLOS值; 最后根据制定的预警机制实现基于人眼开度的疲劳预警。实验结果表明本方法能够实时监测驾驶员疲劳状况, 具有对光照变化、脸部配饰不敏感的特点。     

浅析SRT-Ⅳ裂解炉炉管弯曲及断裂原因

主要分析计算了裂解炉炉管受力情况，进而得出结论：裂解炉自身结构的相互约束力和炉管渗碳是导致炉管弯曲、断裂的主要原因，并提出了相应的解决措施。     

单向Cf/SiC复合材料的弯曲疲劳性能

对单向Cf/SiC复合材料进行了三点弯曲疲劳性能测试,得到了复合材料的应力－寿命曲线（S－N曲线）,并对其进行线性拟合,得到疲劳最大应力与复合材料疲劳寿命的关系;考察了疲劳过程中刚度下降和疲劳裂纹产生情况。结果表明在疲劳过程中复合材料的弯曲模量有3个变化阶段：首先在疲劳加载初期,弯曲模量的下降速度及幅度都较大;其次在弯曲模量下降到原始弯曲模量的85％（133GPa)后,其变化方式没有明显的规律可循,有时甚至可能上升;最后复合材料发生疲劳断裂时,模量将发生突变。显微结构分析表明：基体横向裂纹群的产生是疲劳断裂的独有特征。它的产生是由于基体SiC的断裂应变小于碳纤维的断裂应变,基体首先开裂并导致应力重新分布的结果。