The transient regime of a multiwavelength pyrometer

The transient operation of a new multiwavelength pyrometer based on a dispersing prism and a Si photodiode array is presented. After calibration, transient tests were performed using a tungsten strip lamp, supplied by a current pulse of 0.3-s duration. Measurements were carried out with a data acquisition system consisting of a FET multiplexer, a DVM (14 bit, 100 kHz), and a buffer memory (64 kbytes). Pyrometer signals are processed off-line, and temperature vs time is displayed. With the present arrangement, temperature measurements at 20 wavelengths may be performed with 200s resolution. Faster measurements are possible with a reduced number of channels.Paper presented at the Third Workshop on Subsecond Thermophysics, September 17–18, 1992, Graz, Austria.Deceased     

Thermal conductivity of hydrogen for temperatures between 78 and 310 K with pressures to 70 MPa

The paper presents new experimental measurements of the thermal conductivity of hydrogen. The ortho-para compositions covered are normal, near normal, para, and para-rich. The measurements were made with a transient hot wire apparatus. The temperatures covered the range from 78 to 310 K with pressures to 70 MPa and densities from 0 to a maximum of 40 mol · L^–1. For compositions normal and near normal, the isotherms cover the entire range of pressure, and the temperatures are 78, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, 250, 275, 294, 300, and 310K. The para measurements include eight isotherms at temperatures from 100 to 275 K with intervals of 25 K, pressures to 12 MPa, and densities from 0 to 12 mol · L^–1. Three additional isotherms at 150, 250, and 275 K cover para-rich compositions with para percentages varying from 85 to 72%. For these three isotherms the pressures reach 70 MPa and the density a maximum of 30 mol · L^–1. The data for all compositions are represented by a single thermal conductivity surface. The data are compared with the experimental measurements of others through the new correlation. The precision (2) of the hydrogen measurements is between 0.5 and 0.8% for wire temperature transients of 4 to 5 K, while the accuracy is estimated to be 1.5%.     

地方中小水利水电工程建设安全工作不容忽视

针对当前地方中小水利水电工程施工中存在的各类安全问题,分析归纳了安全事故产生的原因,提出加强政府监管、规范监理执业行为、加强监理岗前准入制和执法监管力度等解决施工安全问题的措施。     

两种OFDM多普勒估计算法在水声信道中的比较

为了消除多普勒频偏影响,通过水上实验对两种OFDM（Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing）水声通信多普勒估计算法进行对比。基于拷贝相关时延差估计的多普勒估计算法结构简单、易于实现;基于空载波的算法较复杂,但精度较高。利用两种方法对相同的实验数据进行多普勒估计和补偿,并对其通信误码率进行对比。研究结果表明,在慢变的信道中两者的误码率基本相同,但在快变的信道中基于空载波的算法更稳定。     

直升机纵向系统鲁棒滑模控制律设计

在建立系统全包线T-S模糊模型的基础上,基于系统品质要求和可测状态约束条件,采用参数鲁棒设计方法,确定反馈控制参数的可用集合,实现等效控制律,相应确定系统的滑模面参数,给出了直升机纵向控制系统的全包线滑模控制律设计结果。仿真结果显示,系统具有较强的抗外界干扰能力,动态品质满足指标要求,表明文中提出的设计方法可行且有效。     

基于线性回归分析的视频质量评估方法

文章提出了一种利用线性回归分析方法的无参考视频序列质量评估算法。该算法主要利用帧间编码帧的比特数和该帧与其参考帧的差异两个参数进行线性回归分析来评估视频质量。该方法不需要原始参考视频,算法简单。通过对标准视频序列的仿真实验,该算法可有效评价不同视频的编码质量,使用该质量评估方法测得的失真视频客观质量评分与其主观质量评分有很好的一致性。     

Predictable service overlay networks: Predictability through adaptive monitoring and efficient overlay construction and management

Providing bounded communication among participating nodes is significant for distributed systems. Internet-based applications suffer with lower performance due to absence of bounded latency. We describe PSON, an overlay network solution to this challenging problem. PSON has two components. The monitoring component, SyncProbe, utilizes efficient and adaptive monitoring techniques to measure latency, detect packet loss, and provide real-time estimates of maximum expected latency along paths of an Internet substrate. The QoSMap component constructs and manages overlay such that it yields application-level QoS and provides resilience against network failures. A distinctive feature of QoSMap is construction of QoS-compliant backup paths which facilitate in overlay management and operation during the period when primary overlay paths violate QoS. We evaluate PSON on PlanetLab to provide predictable communication for applications with different topology and QoS requirement. Our experiments confirm the effectiveness of PSON in providing an inexpensive and efficient application-layer solution to Internet’s unpredictable behavior.     

基于分数阶Fourier变换的水声通信多普勒系数估计技术研究

本文基于传统多普勒系数估计方法,提出一种基于分数阶Fourier变换的多普勒系数估计方法,该方法利用分数阶Fourier变换估计得到经过信道后LFM信号调频斜率的变化量值,进而得到多普勒系数的估计。通过计算机仿真研究验证了该方法的有效性与稳健性。     

水声通信中多普勒系数估计方法研究

本文针对水声通信中的多普勒效应,提出一种基于Notch滤波器的多普勒系数估计方法,该方法利用Notch滤波器对经过信道的窄带CW脉冲信号频率进行估计,进而得到多普勒系数,并与基于宽带信号的多普勒系数方法进行对比分析。通过计算机仿真基于CW脉冲频率估计与基于宽带信号的多普勒系数估计方法就估计性能进行了对比研究,详细地给出了两种方法各自的优缺点与适用场合。     

Flow structure through pool‐riffle sequences and a conceptual model for their sustainability in gravel‐bed rivers

Detailed field measurements and simulations of three‐dimensional flow structure were used to develop a conceptual model to explain the sustainability of self‐formed pool‐riffle sequences in gravel‐bed rivers. The analysis was conducted at the Red River Wildlife Management Area in Idaho, USA, and enabled characterization of the flow structure through two consecutive pool‐riffle sequences, including: identification of jet concentration and dissipation zones, and the development of local turbulence features (i.e. vertical and horizontal eddies) under different flow conditions. Three‐dimensional hydraulic simulations were used to evaluate how the flow structure varies across a range of flow conditions and with different degrees of sediment aggradation within the upstream pool. The analysis demonstrated a significant influence of the residual pool depth on the flow structure, with reduced residual depth causing a shift in the orientation of the jet and a reduction in the influence of vertical eddies and the size and intensity of horizontal eddies. The proposed conceptual model seeks to explain the sustainability of pools in terms of the flow structure in pool‐riffle morphology and how this flow structure will change as a result of altered external forcing, such as upstream sediment delivery or changes in bank stability. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.