用超临界CO2流体从香兰草豆荚中萃取香兰素的研究

研究了用超临界CO2 流体技术从香兰豆荚中萃取香兰素的工艺条件 ,探索了萃取压力、温度、时间对萃取率的影响 ,结果表明 ,超临界CO2 萃取香兰素的工艺切实可行 ,最佳萃取条件是萃取压力为 35 0bar、温度为 4 5℃、时间为 14 0min ,在此萃取条件下每克香兰豆荚的香兰素萃取量为 2 0 .0 5mg ,萃取率为 98.5 %。     

Comparison of the generation of oil by the extraction and the hydropyrolysis of biomass

This paper discusses the maximisation of the yields of useful bio-oils generated from seeds and nut-shells both by extraction and by hydropyrolysis. The formation and the composition of the bio-oils are also discussed.Powdered (<0.25 mm diameter) Rapeseed, Linseed and Safflower seed and Hazel nut and Walnut shells, that is, fresh precursors of liptinite, have been characterised by their elemental analyses, infra-red and NMR spectra. Bio-oils obtained both by extraction and by slow hydropyrolysis to 520 °C at moderate pressure in the presence of ammonium dioxydithiomolybdate have been compared by the same analyses and by gas chromatography. Consistent with previous work [Hardy JA. A greener future with biodiesel. Green Chem 2001 G56-G57], extraction of the seeds with organic solvents, including Diesel oil, gave yields of up to 40% together with an uninteresting residue. However, subsequent saponification of the residues gave further yields of oil. Hydropyrolysis removed oxygen from the seeds as water and as oxides of carbon to generate bio-oil in yields of up to 75%. Whereas little oil could be extracted from the nut-shells, hydropyrolysis gave oil yields of ∼40%. Some char was also formed, suggesting that optimisation of the hydropyrolysis might give even larger yields of oil.     

邻氯氯苄残液回收利用的工艺研究

回收利用工业生产邻氯氯苄排出的残液，经氯化、水解、精馏制取一种广泛用于农药、医药、染料等的精细化工产品邻氯苯甲醛，考察了温度、反应时间、催化剂等因素对反应的影响，确定了反应的优化条件，两步反应总收率为48．0％，产品主含量≥97．1％。     

VC精馏的多变量控制

为了得到高纯度的氯乙烯单体和解决不易控制精馏塔操作的难题，对精馏过程的工茹爹教实施了多变量控制方案。通过改造，单体质量分数可达99．99％以上。     

多CPU控制器在大功率整流控制系统中的应用

介绍了利用多CPU来设计整流控制器，解决大功率整流装置产生的磁场对整流计算机控制系统产生的干扰。     

氯代邻硝基甲苯精制方法的改进

文章讨论了用精馏和熔融结晶粗制氯代邻硝基甲苯的工艺，以及方法的改进。     

Concentration of tocopherols from soybean sludge by supercritical carbon dioxide

A supercritical fluid extraction method has been applied to test the feasibility of tocopherol concentration from soybean sludge with carbon dioxide at temperatures and pressures ranging from 35 to 70°C and 200 to 400 bar, respectively. The supercritical solubility of the esterified soybean sludge was over 4–6 times greater than that of the original soybean sludge. By a simple batch-type one-stage method the tocopherols in the esterified soybean sludge could be concentrated up to 40 wt%. The overall results of the present study show that soybean sludge initially containing about 13–14 wt% tocopherols may require a countercurrent multistage column to be highly and effectively concentrated.     

基于稀疏表示的多特征融合害虫图像识别

为提高害虫图像识别的准确率,针对不同害虫具有不同的颜色、形状、纹理的特点,提出一种将颜色、形状、纹理特征与稀疏表示相融合的害虫识别方法.该方法利用已标注的训练样本构造不同特征下的训练样本矩阵,通过求解样本的最优稀疏系数以实现害虫图像识别.由于相同样本通过不同特征训练字典求解的稀疏系数不同,进而识别结果也不同.因此,文中进一步通过设计不同特征下的识别分类器实现多特征的融合.在实验室环境与农田环境下的实验结果表明,相较于其他方法,该方法的害虫识别率获得较大的提高.     

高纯度氨氮回收技术及装备

开发了全填料结构的吸收、精馏、压缩冷凝新型复合分离流程及装备。该流程和装备用于精细化工厂氨氮废气(水)的处理,在获得高收率、高纯度液氨产品的同时,基本上实现了气、液无污染排放。