钼粉处理新工艺对95%氧化铝陶瓷金属化质量的影响

分别采用传统工艺和新工艺处理了陶瓷金属化用钼粉,并利用激光粒度分析、FESEM、X射线射、金相、扫描电镜、拉伸试验、氦质谱检漏等方法研究了处理前后钼粉的粒度及其分布、颗粒形貌、松装密度、氧含量、相组成,金属化膏层的表面状态,金属化层及界面组织,金属化层的封接强度和气密性。物理性能测试结果表明,新工艺处理钼粉的松装密度明显提高,氧含量增幅明显减小,且无杂相污染。配浆及丝网印刷试验显示,含新工艺处理钼粉的金属化料浆流动性好、固液比高,金属化膏层表面光亮细腻,金属化层致密度高。装管成品拉伸试验表明,含新工艺处理钼粉的金属化层的封接强度提高35%,拉伸后出现断瓷现象;这缘于钼粉容易烧结致密化并形成均匀连通的钼骨架。     

火烧油层技术在胜利油田的应用

针对胜利油田稠油油藏类型复杂、油层性质差异大、多数区块已进入多轮次蒸汽吞吐后期、开采难度增大的特点,开展了火烧油层技术试验,详细介绍了该技术在J10-13-5井和CN95-2井的试验情况,并对试验效果作了分析.现场试验表明,火烧油层技术在低渗透稠油井和蒸汽吞吐过的稠油井上应用效果较好.胜利油田火烧油层技术在点火工艺、室内物理模拟、动态监测、注气工艺等方面取得了突破,为该技术的进一步推广应用奠定了基础.     

高温合金/不锈钢异种材料T型接头激光穿透焊工艺研究

针对飞行器发动机水冷壁结构,进行了GH3128/06Cr19Ni10异种材料T型接头激光穿透焊试验,主要研究了焊接参数对焊缝成形和焊接裂纹的影响规律,分析了焊接裂纹形成原因,得到了较合理的焊接工艺区间。结果表明,对于GH3128/06Cr19Ni10异种材料T型接头激光穿透焊,连续焊比脉冲焊更易实现稳定焊接,获得良好焊缝成形。焊接裂纹是接头主要缺陷裂纹都在高温合金一侧产生,控制激光功率、保证对中可降低裂纹产生概率。焊接接头的另一种缺陷是表面下塌,保证间隙小于0.2mm可抑制下塌缺陷的产生。对由41条焊缝组成的模拟件进行了10MPa,5min水压测试,每条焊缝都满足要求。     

多线程技术在自动控制系统中的应用

首先简要介绍了操作系统中多线程的概念,然后以混凝土搅拌站为实例,讲述了应用Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ９５下多线程技术实现自动控制中的并行控制及应注意的问题。     

High Temperature Oxidation of FGH96 P/M Superalloy

High temperature oxidation behaviors of FGH96 P/M superalloy have been studied in air at temperatures ranging from 600 to 1000℃. By means of isothermal oxidation testing,X-ray diffraction,SEM(scanning electron microscopy),and EDS(energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) analyses,the oxidation kinetics as well as the composition and morphology of scales were investigated. Thermodynamic calculations were used to explain the oxidation mechanism. The results showed that as the oxidation temperature increased,the oxidation rate,the scale thickness,and scale spallation increased. FGH96 P/M superalloy exhibits good oxidation resistance at temperature below 800℃. The oxidation kinetics follows an approximately parabolic rate law,and the oxide layer was mainly composed of Cr2O3,TiO2,and a little amount of NiCr2O4. The oxidation is controlled by the transmission of chromium,titanium,and oxygen through the oxide scale.     

喷射成形镍基高温合金热变形特性及微观组织变化

采用Gleeble-1500D热力模拟试验机对喷射成形 热等静压制备的镍基高温合金,在变形温度1050-1140 ℃,应变速率0.01-10.0 s-1,工程应变量50%的条件下进行了热压缩实验.利用实验数据建立了合金的热加工图和热激活能图,对变形过程中组织演化进行了研究.结果表明,热等静压并没有使喷射成形高温合金晶粒尺寸明显长大.真应力-应变曲线出现了屈服降落现象;合金热加工图失稳区出现在温度区间1050-1110 ℃,应变速率0.01 s-1处;在1110-1140 ℃,应变速率1.0-10.0 s-1区间功率耗散值(η)出现最大值;在1140 ℃,应变速率1.0-10.0 s-1区间激活能出现一个小平台区.在变形温度1110-1140 ℃、应变速率1.0-10.0 s-1、变形量50%的条件下,可得到完全再结晶组织,该变形条件与热加工图中功率耗散最大值所在区间和激活能图中小平台区所在区间相对应.     

基于数值模拟的镍基高温合金电渣重熔工艺优化

利用MeltFlow软件对镍基高温合金电渣重熔过程进行数值模拟计算,探究了电渣重熔过程中温度场、流场、熔池形貌及微观组织的分布特点,通过工业试验验证模拟的准确性,定量分析熔速对熔炼过程的影响规律,提出了一种改善铸锭凝固质量的工艺优化方法。结果表明,渣池内的温度相对较高且分布均匀,熔池形貌近似“V”型。铸锭一次枝晶间距从中心到边缘沿径向逐渐减小,而二次枝晶间距没有明显差别。对比试验数据,数值模拟结果误差较小,可以准确预测镍基高温合金电渣重熔过程中的熔池形貌和枝晶间距。随着熔化速率的减小,金属熔池深度降低,ESR铸锭二次枝晶间距逐渐减小,且宏观偏析程度得到改善,黑斑产生概率逐渐降低。控制熔化速率由0.47 kg/min降低至0.45 kg/min,有利于获得凝固质量较好的镍基高温合金电渣重熔铸锭。     

Precipitate coarsening and its effects on the hot deformation behavior of the recently developedγ’-strengthened superalloys

Recently,theγ’-strengthened superalloys are of great interests in high temperature applications due to their excellent high temperature strength which is derived from theγ’strengthening phase.For theseγ’-strengthened superalloys,the changes in morphology,size and distribution ofγ’precipitates due to coarsening during thermal exposure have a significant impact on the properties of alloys.This article briefly summarizes the recent advances on the coarsening behavior of gamma prime precipitates in the recently-developedγ’-strengthened superalloys and its effects on the hot deformation behavior of superalloys,drawing specific examples on Allvac^■718 Plus TM and Ni3 Al-based intermetallic superalloys.It is found that the particle size plays an important role in morphological evolution ofγ’precipitates.For instance,the morphology ofγ’precipitates evolves from cuboidal to strip-like or other complex structures in Ni3 Al-based intermetallic alloys,while theγ’precipitates in Allvac^■718 Plus alloy always present nearspherical morphology due to the relatively small initial particle size.The Lifshitz-Slyozof-Wagner(LSW)theory and its modifications,as well as Trans-Interface Diffusion Controlled(TIDC)theory have been applied to describing the coarsening kinetics ofγ’precipitates.Additionally,the hot deformation behavior ofγ’-strengthened superalloy is found to be greatly influenced by the coarsening ofγ’precipitates.     

The effect of random grain distributions on fatigue crack initiation in a notched coarse grained superalloy specimen

Coarse grained superalloys are of large interest in high temperature applications, and can be found in e.g. gas turbine components, where great care must be given with respect to high temperature fatigue. Due to the large grain size, the material behaviour at e.g. sharp notches cannot be considered homogeneous. As a consequence, the fatigue behaviour is likely to expose a large variation. In order to numerically investigate this variation, a Monte Carlo analysis has been carried out by 100 FE-simulations of notched specimens, where placements and orientations of the grains were randomised. Furthermore, each grain was modelled as a unique single-crystal, displaying both anisotropic elastic and plastic behaviour and tension/compression asymmetry. The effect of randomness was investigated by the obtained dispersion in fatigue crack initiation life. It was concluded that the fatigue life behaviour of coarse grained nickel-base superalloys may show a considerable variation, which cannot be captured by one single deterministic analysis based on data for a homogenised material. Furthermore, the dispersion is of such a magnitude that it needs to be taken into account in industrial applications where highly stressed coarse grained materials are used.     

Evolution of microstructure and properties of internal nitride dispersion strengthened alloy before nitriding

Internal nitride dispersion strengthened superalloy is a new type of high performance superalloy for combustion chamber. The background and development of this alloy were firstly introduced. And then the microstructure and properties of NS163 which is a typical internal nitride dispersion strengthened alloy were investigated. The results show that the microstructure of NS163 is simple in the temperature range of 900??1250??, which is composed of austenite matrix and MC carbide. The recrystallization behavior of the cold- rolled sheet under the test condition was studied systematically. It is found that the solid solution temperature of the finished product should be 1200??, and after solid solution at 1200??, the sheet has 5 grade average grain size, excellent cold workability and low tensile strength at high temperature. The above results can help to optimize the microstructure of NS163 alloy sheet before nitriding and provide a basis for the evaluation of the strengthening effect of the alloy after internal nitriding.