Systematic identifiability study based on the Fisher Information Matrix for reducing the number of parameters calibration of an activated sludge model

This work proposes a procedure for calibration and validation of complex models by systematically obtaining identifiable parameter subsets according to the available data. The procedure uses the new RDE criteria calculated from the Fisher Information Matrix (FIM) as the ratio of normalized D to modified E criteria (RDE). It does not require expert knowledge and it defines automatically the dimension of the identifiable subset without requiring a threshold for the RDE. It was applied successfully to the study of the IWA-ASM2d model, which was implemented, calibrated and validated for an anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A²/O) pilot WWTP operated under three different influent ammonium concentrations (15, 20 and 30 mg/L) and two internal recycling ratios (IRR = 2 and 5). Starting from 51 among all the ASM2d parameters, a sensitivity analysis around the ASM2d default values was performed. From the sensitivity ranking, the 20 best-ranked parameters were named “seeds”, since each one served for growing a parameter subset for model calibration. The subset generation process added to the seed a parameter that presented the highest RDE among all the remaining parameters of the sensitivity ranking. The process of parameter addition was repeated until the RDE decreased from the current iteration to the previous one. The best subset determined by the methodology {b_PAO, Y_PO4, μ_A} presented the highest possible value of the RDE. Finally, the simulation of the WWTP with this subset fitted adequately the experimental data while the parameters obtained had low confidence intervals.     

FIM/IMD技术中油墨的设计与选择

薄膜镶嵌注塑技术是近十年发展起来的新技术，用途十分广泛。介绍了IMD技术对油墨的要求以及IMD油墨的选择。详细阐述了NORJPHAN，HTR油墨的特点、固化以及常用的几种助剂。     

CO Oxidation on Gold Surfaces Studied on the Atomic Scale

The interaction of small gold crystal tips with oxygen gas and CO/O₂ gas mixtures was studied by means of field ion microscopy (FIM). High-resolution FIM-images of clean tips were obtained with hydrogen and neon as imaging gas. At temperatures between 300 and 450 K the exposure of a clean Au sample to O₂ gas at 100–1000 mbar, in the absence of an electric field, led to oxygen chemisorption and formation of a surface oxide. The presence of an electric field of 12–15 V/nm was found to enhance the oxidation process. Exposure to CO gas at 300 K led to the removal of the surface oxide. This was associated with the occurrence of a wave front which started in the apex centre and extended to the outskirts of the tip sample. The build-up of the surface oxide and its titration by carbon monoxide was completely reversible. Our results strongly suggest that pure gold crystals are active catalysts for the CO oxidation at 300 K.     

Fe3Al合金B2有序化过程的场离子显微镜观察

对不同有序度下的Ｂ２结构Ｆｅ_３Ａｌ进行了场离子显微镜（ＦＩＭ）研究．不论是否达到最大Ｂ２有序度，ＦＩＭ像的总体规则程度均很差，难以由常规方法得到有序度的信息．但是，ＦＩＭ像中的局部区域，也即〈１００〉极的场蒸发过程却提供了Ｂ２有序度的信息，通过对其连续观察发现，Ｆｅ_３Ａｌ的Ｂ２有序化进程在纳米尺度范围是不均匀的．从〈１２０〉极上得到的结果与〈１００〉极一致．这种一致性再一次证实了“Ａｌ成像，Ｆｅ不可见”的观点是正确的．     

分布式全相参雷达相干参数估计性能

针对部分收发共置的分布式全相参雷达,该文首先建立了全发任意收的混合结构,然后在发射多脉冲条件下推导了相干参数估计的克拉美-罗界(CRB)闭式解,研究了相干参数估计性能与收发天线数及脉冲数之间关系。结论表明：共置天线较分置天线能够获得更低的相干参数估计CRB,增加收发天线数或脉冲数,能够降低相干参数估计CRB。最后的仿真实验验证了研究结论的正确性。     

液晶控制器RA8835与单片机的接口设计

本文介绍了RA8835液晶控制器并简要介绍了C805117043单片机，且以内置RA8835控制器的液晶显示器WX320240C0-TFH-V为例设计了接口电路，给出了驱动程序。     

集成式房屋框架信息建模法的研究

以集成式房屋为研究对象,提出了集成式房屋的框架信息建模(FIM)方法。该方法融合了BIM与制造业设计建模方法,结合了自顶向下、参数化及模板建模等技术。并运用实例验证了集成式房屋的框架信息建模法的有效性,大大缩短了传统集成式房屋设计研发周期。     

A combined scanning tunnelling and field ion microscope

The construction of a combined scanning tunnelling and field ion microscope allowing the in situ preparation and analysis of the tunnelling tip is described. The apparatus is based on the Besocke type STM and includes a fast, automated sample approach, a sample transfer manipulator and a tip-cooling mechanism for the FIM operation mode. The design is simple and needs a mechanical feedthrough only for sample transfer. A method has been developed to produce sharp tungsten tips with small clusters on the apex plane. Test-run results of FIM and STM operation modes are discussed.     

Electronic structure and FIM imaging mechanism of Fe-Al intermetallic compounds

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