Mg-Al CLDHs/H2O2体系降解结晶紫染料废水的研究

以Mg-Al CLDHs (Calcined Mg-Al layered double hydroxide)和H2O2组成的类芬顿体系催化降解结晶紫(Crystal violet,CV)染料废水.考察了pH值、催化剂用量、氧化剂用量、染料起始浓度、反应温度、反应时间等因素的影响,并对Mg-Al CLDHs催化剂的再生能力进行了测试.结果表明:对浓度为40 mg/L的结晶紫溶液,当Mg-AlCLDHs用量为0.005 g,H2O2用量为1 mL,pH为7.0,降解温度为35℃,反应时间为15 min,结晶紫脱色率98％以上,催化剂再生性良好.动力学研究表明该反应符合一级动力学模型,35℃时速率常数为0.28 min-1,表观活化能为46.03 kJ·mol-1.     

活性艳蓝经多相类芬顿预处理前后对厌氧污泥性能的影响

以蒽醌类染料活性艳蓝为目标污染物,探讨了其对产甲烷菌的抑制机理;分析了其经多相类芬顿预处理前后对厌氧污泥EPS、粒径分布、金属离子含量的影响;同时对活性艳蓝的降解途径进行了探究。结果表明,活性艳蓝对产甲烷菌具有代谢毒性甚至生理性毒性;其进入厌氧反应器后,会造成COD去除率降低;颗粒污泥粒径减少,污泥中钙、镁离子浓度分别由40.5和16.2 mg·L^-1降低到22.5和6.8 mg·L^-1,污泥的稳定性与絮凝性变差。而经多相类芬顿预处理后,COD去除率可达90%以上,厌氧颗粒污泥EPS总量、蛋白质含量、多糖含量分别增大到98.7、69.9和28.8 mg·(g VSS)^-1,为保持颗粒污泥的活性与稳定性提供了保障。多相类芬顿体系所产生的羟基自由基首先攻击活性艳蓝的三嗪基团及不饱和共轭键的蒽醌结构,继而生成邻苯二甲酸、苯甲酸,再被降解为丁酸、草酸、乙酸等小分子羧酸,从而降低了其毒性,有利于后续厌氧生物处理的进行。     

Discoloration of Rhodamine B dyeing wastewater by schorl-catalyzed Fenton-like reaction

As other natural iron-bearing minerals, schorl could be taken as an effective iron source for degradation of organic pollutants by mineral-catalyzed Fenton-like system. In our present study, the schorl-catalyzed Fenton-like system has been successfully developed for discoloration of an active commercial dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), in an aqueous solution. Through a number of batch discoloration experiments under various conditions, it was found that the reactivity of the system increased by, respectively, increa...     

Preparation of CuxO/C composite derived from Cu-MOFs as Fenton-like catalyst by two-step calcination strategy

Cu_xO/C composites were successfully prepared using Cu-MOFs as the template and precursor by a two-step calcination strategy. SEM and TEM observations indicated that the composites had a microstructural prototype of porous cubic frameworks with the attachment of graphitic nanosheets on the surfaces, where the co-existence of CuO and Cu₂O nanoparticles were uniformly encapsulated. The Fenton-like activities of the Cu_xO/C composites were studied by the degradation of Rhodamine B. The sample calcinated firstly at 500?°C in N₂ followed at 300?°C in air achieved the optimal catalytic properties. Approximate 90% contaminant could be degraded within 40?min and the performances was maintained stable after five cycling runs. The superior Fenton-like activities of as-prepared Cu_xO/C composites were attributed to the high specific surface area, good adsorption and enhanced electron transport of well crystallized microstructures.     

(类)Fenton试剂氧化降解微污染水中微囊藻毒素的进展研究

作为一种有效的高级氧化技术,(类)Fenton试剂在氧化降解微污染水中的微囊藻毒素方面具有独特的优势,是一种很有应用潜力的水处理技术。概述(类)Fenton试剂的类型和特点,并对其应用进展进行研究。     

Fe~0/H_2O_2类Fenton体系降解水中对氯硝基苯

为解决传统Fenton过程中Fe3＋返回Fe2＋速率慢致使反应过程中铁离子循环受阻的瓶颈问题,对Fe0/H2O2-类Fenton降解对氯硝基苯（pCNB）的效果与机理进行研究.考察H2O2和铁的投加量、初始pH值等因素对pCNB降解效果的影响,对体系TOC和Cl-、NO3-浓度以及一些中间产物进行鉴定和分析.当pH值为...     

Green synthesis of bentonite-supported iron nanoparticles as a heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst: Kinetics of decolorization of reactive blue 238 dye

This study aimed to synthesize green tea nano zero-valent iron (GT-NZVI) and bentonite-supported green tea nano zero-valent iron (B-GT-NZVI) nanoparticles using green tea extracts in an environmentally sustainable way. Bentonite was used as a support material because it disperses and stabilizes GT-NZVI, and it helps to reduce the cost, increase the adsorption capacity of GT-NZVI, and decrease the optimum amount of GT-NZVI used in Fenton-like oxidation. A scanning electron microscope, an atomic force microscope, and a Fourier transform infrared spectroscope were used to characterize GT-NZVI and B-GT-NZVI, while the zeta potential was measured to evaluate the stability of iron nanoparticles. The decolorization kinetics of reactive blue 238 (RB 238) dye in the aqueous phase in the Fenton-like oxidation process were investigated as well. The effects of various experimental conditions such as reaction time, dosages of catalysts, concentration of H₂O₂, temperature, addition of inorganic salts, and other parameters were investigated. The results show that the oxidative degradation efficiencies of RB 238 dye catalyzed by GT-NZVI and B-GT-NZVI were 93.5% and 96.2%, respectively, at the optimum reaction conditions as follows: c(H₂O₂) = 5 mmol/L, ρ(GT-NZVI) = 0.5 g/L or ρ(B-GT-NZVI) = 0.5 g/L, c(RB 238 dye) = 0.05 mmol/L, and pH = 2.5 at 180 min. The best catalytic performance was exhibited when B-GT-NZVI was used. Three kinetic models were employed, and the second-order model was found to be the best model representing the experimental kinetic data of RB 238 dye. The value of activation energy decreased from 38.22 kJ/mol for GT-NZVI to 14.13 kJ/mol for B-GT-NZVI. This indicates that the effect of B-GT-NZVI in decreasing the energy barrier is more pronounced than that of the GT-NZVI catalyst, leading to improved Fenton-like oxidation processes.     

介孔Fe-SiO2复合材料的制备及吸附协同催化性能

采用原位一步合成法,在含有模板剂、AlCl₃和H₂O的弱酸性反应体系中,引入Si源和Fe源,通过原位共沉积的方式,成功制备出Fe修饰的介孔SiO₂（Fe-SiO₂）复合材料。采用XRD、N₂吸附、FTIR、UV-vis、SEM和EDS等手段表征了介孔Fe-SiO₂复合材料样品的结构、形貌和化学组成;将所获得的介孔Fe-SiO₂复合材料用于吸附和协同催化去除水体中有机污染物亚甲基蓝（MB）;考察了Fe源添加量对介孔Fe-SiO₂复合材料结构和性能的影响。研究结果表明:合成体系中rFe:Si ≤ 0.05（摩尔比）时,所得Fe-SiO₂介孔材料保留了介孔孔道的高度有序性和大比表面积（860~889 m2·g-1）,Fe在介孔Fe-SiO₂复合材料中主要以四配位骨架掺杂的形式存在;当rFe:Si=0.1时,其比表面积下降为526 m2·g-1,Fe以骨架内和骨架外氧化物的形式共存于介孔Fe-SiO₂复合材料中。所有介孔Fe-SiO₂复合材料在去除MB的实验中均表现出很大的吸附容量和优良的多相类芬顿催化能力。其中,rFe:Si=0.05时所获得的介孔Fe-SiO₂复合材料样品性能最佳,对高浓度MB（250 mg·L-1）的吸附和催化总量达到213 mgg-1。      

微波辅助类芬顿技术处理合成类制药废水

研究了微波辅助类酚顿技术处理合成类制药废水的优势,通过优化实验发现,微波辅助类芬顿技术具有催化剂和过氧化氢用量低(硝酸铜0.8 g/L,过氧化氢15 m L/L)、初始反应体系无需酸化、反应时间短(6 min)、污染物去除效果满意(TOC去除率62.64%)、可生化性改善良好(从0.25升至0.37)、处理后Cu2+离子残余质量浓度低(0.625 5 mg/L)等独特优势.在相同条件下该技术采用铜系催化剂比相同物质的量的铁系催化剂的TOC去除效率更理想,即从51.40%提高到62.64%.     

Fe supported on ceria as effective catalyst for the heterogeneous photo-oxidation of basic orange 2 in aqueous solution with sunlight

Fe^III supported on ceria as an effective catalyst for oxidation was prepared and used for the degradation of basic orange 2 azo textile dye (BO2). BO2 was chosen as a model pollutant and the catalytic oxidation was carried out in a batch reactor using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant at pH 3. The influent factors on BO2 oxidation, such as catalyst dosage, H₂O₂ concentration, and BO2 concentration were studied by considering the BO2 conversion and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal. The Fe^III-ceria catalyst showed a high catalytic activity for the oxidation of BO2 in aqueous solution. It was observed that the solution became colorless after 5 h of oxidation and over 90% COD removal was achieved with all the Fe^III-ceria catalysts used under dark conditions in the catalytic oxidation system. The catalytic removal of BO2 during BO2 oxidation was improved under solar radiation, which notably increased the BO2 degradation rate. Consecutive BO2 oxidation cycles carried out with the same Fe^III-ceria catalyst and untreated fresh dyestuff solution showed that the catalyst had good stability and good degradation performance, thus evidencing the possibility of being used in continuous processes. This study showed that the Fe^III-ceria catalytic oxidation process is an efficient method for the treatment of BO2 aqueous solutions.