炼油高浓度污水达标排放处理

针对炼油高浓度污水硫、酚含量高及生化性差的特点,开发了由生物脱硫、Fe-C微电解、生物除酚、吸附-生物降解法(AB法)和内循环曝气生物滤池(BAF)等单元组合的处理技术. 研究结果表明,控制生物脱硫、生物除酚、AB法和内循环BAF等生化反应器的溶解氧分别为2.0, 2.0~2.4及AB法的A段为0.6~1.0,B段为1.5~2.0和大于2.4 mg/L,水力停留时间分别为8~12, 8~12, 5~6和2.5~3.0 h,Fe-C微电解的Fe/C质量比为3~4, pH值3.0~3.8, 反应时间30 min,则该污水的硫化物、挥发酚、COD、氨氮和石油类的平均浓度分别由705, 225, 4333, 38.6和30.0 mg/L降至0.3, 0.07, 80.5, 11.6和2.9 mg/L,达到排放标准.     

Thermal cross-link behavior of an amorphous poly (para-arylene sulfide sulfone amide)

Cross-link behavior of an amorphous poly (para-arylene sulfide sulfone amide) synthesized via low temperature solution polycondensation was observed for the first time, when the polymer was subject to a series of thermal curing at 260 °C in air condition. The formation of cross-link network was demonstrated by the DSC and TGA results that T_g of the polymer enhanced from 259.17 °C to 268.89 °C, and the 1% weight loss temperature increased remarkably from 243.75 °C to 345.87 °C. EPR analysis further suggested that two kinds of free radicals, CO and C, induced by thermal curing were responsible for this cross-link behavior. According to FT-IR spectrum, the origin of these free radicals was confirmed as amide CO group in the polymer backbone. The cross-linking type was attributed to conventional radical cross-link reaction and the cross-link mechanism was discussed in detail subsequently.     

贵金属硫化物催化剂的制备及其在催化加氢反应中的应用

贵金属硫化物催化剂对含硫化合物加氢、加氢脱硫、加氢脱氮和卤代硝基化合物加氢等方面有特殊应用,选择性高,不易失活.总结了国内外贵金属硫化物制备方法,综述了各类贵金属硫化物在催化加氢方面的应用,并对贵金属特别是Pd的不同种硫化物种间相互转变条件进行了探讨.     

铜锌锡硫半导体薄膜材料的制备与表征

采用水热法成功制备了Cu2ZnSnS4(CZTS)半导体材料,通过浸涂法制备了相应的薄膜,并在N2气氛中于400℃对薄膜进行了退火处理.用X射线荧光光谱分析了所得CZTS粉末中各组成元素的含量,并分别用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和紫外-可见-近红外光谱对CZTS薄膜样品的晶体结构、表面形貌和带隙进行了表征.结果表明:所...     

Zn/SBA-15介孔吸附剂的制备及脱附低浓度H_2S性能

以介孔材料SBA-15为载体、过渡金属（Zn、Fe、Mn、Cu、Co和Ni）氧化物为活性组分,用等体积浸渍法制备了过渡金属氧化物负载型介孔脱硫剂,通过XRD和比表面积测定对其进行表征。结果显示,Zn负载的SBA-15对H2S吸附效果最好;Zn离子负载量为23%时,Zn/SBA-15对H2S穿透吸附量最大,为29.7 mg/g吸附剂;考察流速、反应温度以及杂质气体存在对Zn/SBA-15吸附脱除低浓度H2S的影响,并研究了Zn/SBA-15吸附脱除H2S的再生性能,结果表明在空气氛围下,Zn/SBA-15吸附剂在573 K可再生,循环使用4次穿透硫容不发生变化。     

Bismuth sulfide and its carbon nanocomposite for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries

Bi₂S₃ and Bi₂S₃/C nanocomposites prepared by high-energy mechanical milling were evaluated as electrode materials in lithium secondary batteries. For a Bi₂S₃/C nanocomposite, Bi₂S₃ nanocrystallites were well distributed in an amorphous carbon matrix. The reaction mechanism of the Bi₂S₃/C electrode was also examined during the first cycle. The Bi₂S₃/C nanocomposite anode showed superior electrochemical performance (ca. 500 mAh g⁻¹ and 85% of the capacity retention over 100 cycles).     

线型结晶高分子量聚苯硫醚树脂的合成研究

以硫化钠（Na2S.9H2O）和对二氯苯（P-DCB）为原料,在N-甲基吡咯烷酮（NMP）中进行常压缩聚反应,所得产物经测试表明为线型结晶高分子量聚苯硫醚树脂（PPS）。实验主要研究了在助剂硅酸钠作用下,温度、原料配比、反应时间对该缩聚反应的影响。实验结果表明：产率可达81.3%～85.7%,适宜的反应温度为（185±...     

Effects of anion and cation doping on the thermoelectric properties of n-type PbS

The PbCl_xS_1-x and Pb_1-xBi_xS (x? =?0–0.05) bulks were fabricated with a facile method of hydrothermal synthesis and microwave sintering, and the effect of anionic and cationic donors on the thermoelectric performance of PbS was investigated. Although Cl^? and Bi³⁺ both effectively improved the thermoelectric properties of n-type PbS, more excellent thermoelectric performance was obtained from Cl^? doped samples because of higher electrical property and lower thermal conductivity at higher temperature (T? >?600?K). The thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) reaches 1.04 for PbCl_0.015S_0.985 at 800?K and increases with temperature increasing without sign of saturation, which is probably the highest value ever reported for single-phase polycrystalline n-type PbS. The results also indicate that the hydrothermal synthesis and microwave sintering can realize anion doping as well as cation doping for n-type PbS at low cost, and PbS should be a robust alternative for PbTe thermoelectric materials.     

HCN、COS和CS2催化水解及其水解产物协同净化的研究进展

氰化氢（HCN）、羰基硫（COS）、二硫化碳（CS₂）广泛共存于黄磷尾气、焦炉煤气、碳一化工等化工行业废气中,目前大多数研究局限于3种气体的单独脱除,3种气体同时脱除的研究鲜有报道,而3种气体的协同脱除势在必行。催化水解法能够将HCN转化成NH₃,COS和CS₂水解成H₂S。NH₃和H₂S可以分别被催化氧化为N₂及S,S可以回收利用。一步法实现HCN、COS和CS₂的水解及水解产物NH₃和H₂S的催化氧化的催化剂开发是该技术的核心问题,本文针对近几年3种气体水解催化剂的相关研究成果进行了综述,包括负载型催化剂和非负载型催化剂,与此同时,针对水解产物NH₃和H₂S的催化氧化的协同净化技术进行了分析,旨在为后续3种气体同时催化水解及协同净化其水解产物催化剂的开发提供理论指导,为低温环境下协同催化水解HCN、COS和CS₂,并利用原料气中的氧一步法净化水解产物技术的未来发展及应用提供参考。