超声辅助提取野菊花黄色素及其稳定性研究

用体积分数95%的乙醇对野菊花的黄色素进行超声提取,在不同超声频率、提取温度、料水比、提取时间等条件下对野菊花黄色素的提取工艺进行研究,并对色素在不同温度、光照、pH值、氧化剂、还原剂、食品添加剂以及一些金属离子条件下的稳定性进行研究。结果表明,该色素适宜提取工艺为:超声频率45 kHz,提取温度为60℃,料水比为1∶50(g∶mL),提取时间为50 min。野菊花黄色素的耐光性差,耐热性较好,在酸性、还原剂、苯甲酸钠中的稳性较差,在碱性、氧化剂、Vc、柠檬酸、葡萄糖溶液中稳定性较高,色素对多数金属离子溶液的稳定性较高,K+、Fe3+、Al3+对色素有一定的减色作用。     

Traditional Rosa damascena flower harvesting practices evaluated through GC/MS metabolite profiling of flower volatiles

Industrial cultivation of Rosa damascena and rose oil production is a centuries-old industry based on well-established traditional hand-picking of rose flowers. Here the traditional rose harvesting practices were evaluated through GC/MS analysis of the volatile compounds accumulation in R. damascena flowers at eight different developmental stages, flower buds with arrested development and flowers collected at six daytime points related to flower picking. The accumulation of 80 out of 100 volatile compounds was significantly influenced by the stage of flower development while 62 out of 103 compounds were significantly influenced by the daytime period of flower collection. Principal component analysis showed close clustering of the flower developmental stages and daytime periods preferable for flower harvesting and production of high quality and quantity of rose oil. Taken together the obtained results provide further support to the currently applied traditional rose flower harvesting practices. The possible applications of more precise flower harvesting for fine modulation of rose oil composition and reduction levels of the unwanted compound methyl eugenol are discussed.     

A new environment-aware scheduling method for remanufacturing system with non-dedicated reprocessing lines using improved flower pollination algorithm

As the resource crisis and environmental pollution become increasingly prominent, remanufacturing is currently a popular research field for addressing these issues. However, scheduling for remanufacturing is more difficult than that for traditional manufacturing because the entire remanufacturing system (RMS) involves three cooperative subsystems: disassembly, reprocessing, and reassembly. Few studies have focused on the scheduling of the entire RMS and addressed the quality differences of defective components using non-dedicated reprocessing lines. Thus, this paper proposes a new environment-aware scheduling model for RMS, which considers not only three subsystems simultaneously, but also the non-dedicated reprocessing lines related to the recycled quality of defective components. The proposed model also integrates environmental factors by considering the carbon emissions of machines to take advantage of the environmental benefits in remanufacturing. To solve the proposed model, an improved flower pollination algorithm with new two-dimensional representation scheme is employed, which not only utilizes the self-adaptive parameter but also integrates path relinking technique, local search strategy, and elite replacement strategy. Experiments are performed to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for solving the remanufacturing scheduling problem by comparing it with six baseline algorithms.     

Variable-dimensional Flower Pollination obstacle avoidance algorithm on autonomous walking of NAO robot in dynamic environment

This paper proposes a novel dynamic obstacle avoidance method based on the Variable-dimensional Flower Pollination (VFP) algorithm, which can avoid dynamic obstacles under an unknown environment. The grid map is used to describe the environment and the shearing map refreshment strategy is used to improve refreshment efficiency. The fitness function is designed by combining Chebyshev distance with Euclidean distance, which can reasonably evaluate the planned path. Simulation results with traditional Flower Pollination algorithm and VFP algorithm are compared. The simulation results show that the VFP algorithm has a faster learning speed than the traditional Flower Pollination algorithm. To verify the simulation result, the VFP algorithm is implemented on the NAO robot, and the experiment result demonstrates that the Variable-dimensional Flower Pollination algorithm is feasible and effective.     

英国花展中展示花园的主题与创意

英国园艺展览活动遍布一年中的各个季节。花展中的展示花园,主题和创意缤纷多彩、贴近日常生活,与中国展示性花园的设计特征有着明显的区别。展示花园的主题涉及社会爱心、生态保护、宗教道德、人生感悟等。展示花园创意灵感的源起简单而随意,创意的表达注重细节的体现和场景的营造,而且受到多种现代艺术形式的影响。企业赞助者的多元化与花园主题的多样化和生活化有着直接的关联。以企业投资为主体,由行业自发组织的方式是导致展示花园主题丰富性和园艺展会具有持久生命力的根本性原因。     

甘蔗开花的冬春诱导研究

通过冬春诱导，三个在海南甘蔗育种场难开花和不开花的甘蔗品种已顺利开花。粤糖57／423、Badila和粤精59／65的最早抽穗日期分别为4月6日，12月4日和12月20日。冬春诱导对不同品种的效果不同。冬春诱导成功的关键因素是合适的林龄，灵活的补充光照和较高的空气湿度。     

基于近邻搜索花授粉优化的直觉模糊聚类图像分割

为克服传统模糊聚类算法应用于图像分割时,易受噪声影响,对聚类中心初始值敏感,易陷入局部最优,模糊信息处理能力不足等缺陷,该文提出基于近邻搜索花授粉优化的直觉模糊聚类图像分割算法。首先设计一种新颖的图像空间信息提取策略,进而构造融合图像空间信息的直觉模糊聚类目标函数,提高对于噪声的鲁棒性,提升算法处理图像中模糊信息的能力。为了优化上述目标函数,提出一种基于近邻学习搜索机制的花授粉算法,实现对于聚类中心的寻优,解决对于聚类中心初始值敏感,易陷入局部最优的问题。实验结果表明所提算法能在多种噪声图像上取得令人满意的分割效果。

     

Application of flower pollination algorithm for enhanced proton exchange membrane fuel cell modelling

Modelling of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) characteristics assumes importance in view of better understanding, analysis and design of high efficient fuel cell systems. Limited by its complexity, strongly coupled behaviour and multivariate characteristics; optimization techniques are attempted to model PEMFC characteristics. Influenced by convergence speed, computational efficiency, level of complexity, dependency on initial solution and ability to locate global optimum; recently evolved Flower Pollination Algorithm is utilized in this work for PEMFC modelling. This method is applied to derive unknown model parameters of fuel cells having different characteristics and rating. Further, to illustrate the superiority of the method, results obtained are compared with some of the recent works. Moreover, to showcase its efficiency; comprehensive comparison is made in terms of model parameter values, sum of squared error, individual absolute error and relative error values.     

基于SMA驱动结构的花型机器人设计

以一种花型的家用服务性机器人的结构运动为研究对象,用硅胶作为花的根部材料,并在其中采用弹簧式的记忆合金作为驱动器,以线圈式 SMA 作为花瓣和叶子的驱动。采用SMA 驱动器,设计并制造了花型机器人构造;通过得到根部、花瓣和叶子的运动方程,由dSPACE 系统设计和控制驱动了花型机器人。通过实验证明了该系统具有可行性。     

Disease Status and Population Origin Effects on Floral Scent<Emphasis Type="SmallCaps">:</Emphasis> Potential Consequences for Oviposition and Fruit Predation in A Complex Interaction Between A Plant,Fungus, and Noctuid Moth

In the Silene latifolia–Hadena bicruris nursery pollination system, the Hadena moth is both pollinator and seed predator of its host plant. Floral scent, which differs among S. latifolia individuals and populations, is important for adult Hadena to locate its host. However, the success of moth larvae is strongly reduced if hosts are infected by the anther smut fungus Microbotryum violaceum, a pathogen that is transmitted by flower visitors. There were no qualitative differences between the scent of flowers from healthy and diseased plants. In addition, electroantennographic measurements showed that Hadena responded to the same subset of 19 compounds in samples collected from healthy and diseased plants. However, there were significant quantitative differences in scent profiles. Flowers from diseased plants emitted both a lower absolute amount of floral scent and had a different scent pattern, mainly due to their lower absolute amount of lilac aldehyde, whereas their amount of (E)-β-ocimene was similar to that in healthy flowers. Dual choice behavioral wind tunnel tests using differently scented flowers confirmed that moths respond to both qualitative and quantitative aspects of floral scent, suggesting that they could use differences in floral scent between healthy and infected plants to discriminate against diseased plants. Population mean fruit predation rates significantly increased with population mean levels of the emission rates of lilac aldehyde per flower, indicating that selection on floral scent compounds may not only be driven by effects on pollinator attraction but also by effects on fruit predation. However, variation in mean emission rates of scent compounds per flower generally could not explain the higher fruit predation in populations originating from the introduced North American range compared to populations native to Europe.