A pH-sensitive double [60]fullerene-end-capped polymers via ATRP: Synthesis and aggregation behavior

A double [60]fullerene (C₆₀)-end-capped water-soluble polymer [C₆₀-DMAEMA₆₈-C(CH₃)₂COOCH₂]₂ was synthesized by cycloaddition of the double azido-terminated [DMAEMA₆₈-C(CH₃)₂COOCH₂]₂ with C₆₀. The well-defined [Br(Cl)-DMAEMA₆₈-C(CH₃)₂COOCH₂]₂ was first synthesized via ATRP using ethylene bis(2-bromoisobutyrate) as initiator in ethanol. TGA and spectrophotometric analyses confirmed that monoaddition to C₆₀ had occurred. In aqueous solution, [C₆₀-DMAEMA₆₈-C(CH₃)₂COOCH₂]₂ self-assembled into flower micelles. The aggregation behaviors in unbuffered distilled water and in acidic solution at pH 3 were studied by laser light scattering (LLS). The micelles formed in distilled water has an aggregation number (N_agg) of ∼242 which is about three times larger than that at pH 3 solution (N_agg = 81). However, the micellar size is bigger at pH 3, due to the highly stretched corona resulting from the charge repulsion among the protonated amino groups. After calcination, the C₆₀ core could be seen clearly by AFM. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of [C₆₀-DMAEMA₆₈-C(CH₃)₂COOCH₂]₂ is lower in unbuffered distilled water (28.6 mg dm⁻³) than in solution at pH 3 (176.8 mg dm⁻³).     

育出新花艳人间国际登录梅第一——记著名园林植物学家、园林教育家陈俊愉院士

陈俊愉院士是我国著名的园林教育家和花卉专家。他创立了花卉品种分类的中国学派——"二元分类法";建立了金花茶基因库,试验出一套成功的繁殖技术;以我国野生花卉作亲本,通过"野化育种",培育出具有抗逆性与观赏性的金花茶、月季和地被菊等花卉新品种。他是梅品种国际登录权威,在摸清梅花野生和栽培种质资源的基础上,将南梅北移2000km;不仅在武汉和北京分别建立了"中国梅花品种资源圃"(磨山梅园)和"国际梅品种登录精品园"(鹫峰北京国际梅园),而且在评选国花中提出了具有影响力的"一国两花"建议。并为我国园林和花卉事业培养了大量的人才。     

百花山野生花卉资源的开发利用

通过对百花山植物资源的调查．整理出了一些园林应用中观赏价值较高的野生花卉。论述百花山野生花卉资源在园林中的应用前景．并对现在存在的问题和将来的引种工作．提出一些看法。     

青岛市太平角花园设计

结合现状条件，特别是八大关的发展历史、特色、整体环境，采用明快、简洁、现代的规划设计手法，将旧城的综合印象有机地融干整个绿地空间中，创造出自然式的、以绿色植物为主，有大面积缓坡或陡坡地形及多变的台地，有溪流、雾和花的绿色生态海滨园林。     

走近2006切尔西花展

一年一度的英国切尔西花展已有上百年的历史，具有世界性影响力，引领着园林园艺科学文化发展的潮流。具有实力的英国皇家园艺学会，在整个发展过程中起着主导作用，通过丰硕的园艺成果，展示园林的美好形式和深邃的文化，顺应国土环境发展及优化的需要，将花展办成具有强大影响力和辐射力的社会活动，吸引着各行各业的积极参与，从而表现出具有社会发展前沿的能动作用，以积极有效的手段推动社会可持续发展。     

Flower Pollination Algorithm and Loss Sensitivity Factors for optimal sizing and placement of capacitors in radial distribution systems

In this paper, Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) is proposed for optimal allocations and sizing of capacitors in various distribution systems. First the most candidate buses for installing capacitors are suggested using Loss Sensitivity Factors (LSF). Then the proposed FPA is employed to deduce the locations of capacitors and their sizing from the elected buses. The proposed algorithm is tested on 10, 33 and 69 bus radial distribution systems. The obtained results via the proposed algorithm are compared with others to highlight the benefits of the proposed algorithm in reducing total cost and maximizing the net saving. Moreover, the results are introduced to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm to enhance the voltage profiles for various distribution systems.     

园林花境的历史沿革分析与应用研究借鉴

花境注重色彩的丰富性和景观的多样性,符合传统园林的自然观和现代植物造景的理念。在分析借鉴欧美传统庭院花境造景实例的基础上,提出将国外花境的发展过程分为成形期、发展期、活跃期和成熟期4个历史时期,并阐述了花境在现代城市园林建设的应用前景。     

第十届中国花博会茶花分会展园规划设计研究

通过对第十届花博会茶花分会室外展园的整体规划及专项设计研究分析,提炼出茶花分会展园“寻方、理山、梳水”的设计理念,以及其融中国地理地貌、山水城市格局于园地规划之中的设计手法,提议进一步打造具有诗韵文化的特色茶花展园,在国内相关花类展园设计策略的基础上创新思路,为今后类似室外特色展园设计提供借鉴.     

The Young Experimentalists

Experimental architecture in Italy began to take a new form in the 1990s when young architects, who were embracing new digital technologies, also began to go abroad to study and practise in greater numbers. Anna Baldini outlines a fecund strand in Italian architecture which, while no longer wholly new or youthful, retains its vitality. She highlights, in particular, the contributions of: Avatar Architettura, Gianluca Brini, Elastico spa+3, Exposure Architects, Giuliano Fausti, Luisa Fontana, Giorgio Goffi, ian+, Iotti+Pavarani Architetti, Fabrizio Leoni, ma0/emmeazero, Antonella Mari, Metrogramma, Open Building Research (OBR), RoccAtelier, studio.eu and Vulcanica Achitettura. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

烟草胞质雄性不育性与花蕾组织内源激素的平衡关系

对烟草雄性不育系和相应的保持系花蕾内源激素含量比值进行了分析。结果表明:从小花蕾、中花蕾至大花蕾,不育系各发育时期花蕾的IAA/ABA、GA3/ABA、ZT/ABA值均高于相应的保持系,且不育系花蕾中的IAA/ABA、GA3/ABA、ZT/ABA比值变化起伏较大,而各保持系花蕾中的IAA/ABA、GA3/ABA、ZT/ABA比值变化则比较平稳,说明不育系花蕾中几种内源激素的平衡关系出现了异常,这可能与雄性不育有关。