青海省然者涌－东莫扎抓成矿带成矿规律及远景分析

通过对然者涌－东莫扎抓区域构造背景的研究,分析了东莫扎抓、然者涌和阿夷则玛3个研究程度较高的矿床的矿体赋存规律,矿石结构构造和矿床成因类型。再结合资源形成地质背景和时空分布特征,划分出了拉美曲-阿夷能Cu、Pb、黄铁矿、石膏;巴纳赛-龙哇莫果Cu、Pb、Zn、Ag;东脚涌-俄弄 Cu、Pb、Zn、Au、Ag;阿阿牙赛-东莫扎抓Pb、Zn、Ag、Cu等4个成矿远景区。在该四个远景区内除了已发现的17处矿(床)点外,又新发现矿点8处,成因类型以热液型、沉积型矿(床)点为主,次为矽卡岩型和斑岩型。综合研究认为,然者涌－东莫扎抓地段具有较好的Cu、Pb、Zn多金属成矿和找矿前景。     

腐殖酸对Tc价态影响研究

在模拟高放废物深地质处置环境的低氧(O2含量小于5×10-6)、低Tc(Ⅶ)初始浓度(10-8 mol/L)条件下,研究腐殖酸浓度对Tc(Ⅶ)价态影响。结果显示,腐殖酸对99Tc液闪测定存在淬灭效应,但当腐殖酸浓度在40 mol/L以下,保持闪烁液体积为样品体积20倍可消除影响;在此基础上分别用四苯砷氯-氯仿萃取法和LaCl3沉淀腐殖酸法独立进行腐殖酸-Tc(Ⅶ)体系中锝价态研究,所得Tc(Ⅳ)和Tc(Ⅶ)价态分布结果基本吻合,表明两种研究方法均可用于腐殖酸-Tc(Ⅶ)体系中低浓度Tc价态研究;研究发现平衡350天的不同浓度Fluka腐殖酸-Tc(Ⅶ)体系中,Tc(Ⅶ)浓度长期保持稳定,而Tc(Ⅳ)浓度很低,表明即使在低氧气氛中,Fluka腐殖酸也未对Tc(Ⅶ)表现出明显还原行为,腐殖酸在地下水中的存在可能是高放废物地质处置中Tc(Ⅶ)阻滞的不利因素。     

Modeling spent TRISO fuel for geological disposal: corrosion and failure under oxidizing conditions in the presence of water

High temperature gas reactors (HTGRs) are being considered for near term deployment in the United States under the GNEP program and farther term deployment under the Gen IV reactor design (U.S. DOE Nuclear Energy Research Advisory Committee, 2002). A common factor among current HTGR (prismatic or pebble) designs is the use of TRISO coated particle fuel. TRISO refers to the three types of coating layers (pyrolytic carbon, porous carbon, and silicon carbide) around the fuel kernel, which is both protected and contained by the layers. While there have been a number of reactors operated with coated particle fuel, and extensive amount of research has gone into designing new HTGRs, little work has been done on modeling and analysing the degradation rates of spent TRISO fuel for permanent geological disposal. An integral part of developing a spent fuel degradation modeling was to analyze the waste form without taking any consideration for engineering barriers. A basic model was developed to simulate the time to failure of spent TRISO fuel in a repository environment. Preliminary verification of the model was performed with comparison to output from a proprietary model called GARGOYLE that was also used to model degradation rates of TRISO fuel. A sensitivity study was performed to determine which fuel and repository parameters had the most significant effect on the predicted time to fuel particle failure. Results of the analysis indicate corrosion rates and thicknesses of the outer pyrolytic carbon and silicon carbide layers, along with the time dependent temperature of the spent fuel in the repository environment, have a significant effect on the time to particle failure. The thicknesses of the kernel, buffer, and IPyC layers along with the strength of the SiC layer and the pressure in the TRISO particle did not significantly alter the results from the model. It can be concluded that a better understanding of the corrosion rates of the OPyC and SiC layers, along with increasing the quality control of the OPyC and SiC layer thicknesses, can significantly reduce uncertainty in estimates of the time to failure of spent TRISO fuel in a repository environment.     

塔里木盆地东南部及阿尔金地区深部地质构造分析

依据１／５０万重力资料，计算了塔里木盆地东南部及阿尔金地区莫霍界面的起伏深度，得出该区地壳厚度展布特征。根据横穿阿尔金山脉的大地电磁测深剖面所提供的岩石圈深部电性结构及研究成果，分析和探讨了塔里木盆地东南部与阿尔金隆起之间的深部构造关系。     

五参数录井综合解释模型

该文提出的五参数综合解释模型,是井口地质录井综合解释油气水层的一种定量解释方法。它以气测、K.S法、判别模型和电测解释结果为基础,用逐步判别法建立的。它用最大概率解决归类问题,使油气水层解释符合率和正判率都得以提高,为井口地质综合解释自动化作了一次成功尝试。     

东昆仑南部带磷灰石裂变径迹分析的地质意义

通过东昆仑南部带出露的上二叠统地层磷灰石裂变径迹分析,研究区内的构造演化特征。南北向剖面中4个砂岩样品的年龄为(48±3)—(89±8)Ma,径迹长度为(10.7±2.3)—(10.8±2.2)μm。裂变径迹年龄是区内逆冲演化的反映,长度分布体现了在退火带持续较长以及受隆升控制的特点。总体上具有3阶段热演化历史,约107Ma前后发生一次较为快速的冷却隆升作用,继之于约80Ma开始出现相对平静期,然后在6—12Ma进入快速冷却期,冷却速率为5.3—9.8℃/Ma或者106—196m/Ma。     

磷灰石裂变径迹法研究阿尔泰青河地区地质热历史

对阿尔泰青河县城附近的闪长岩岩体进行了磷灰石裂变径迹研究,并探讨了该区的地质热历史。裂变径迹年龄为(78±5)—(95±5)Ma,平均径迹长度为(13.2±1.2)—(13.5±1.3)μm。热历史模拟结果表明,阿尔泰青河地区具有4阶段的热演化模式,其中115—85Ma的快速冷却阶段反映了该地区在燕山期仍然存在着岩浆侵入活动和断裂带构造运动。     

辽东青城子姚家沟钼矿床S、Pb同位素组成及其地质意义

本文对辽东青城子姚家沟钼矿床金属硫化物进行S、Pb同位素测量,探讨成矿物质来源。研究结果表明,金属硫化物δ34S值变化介于2.0‰～3.9‰之间,显示岩浆硫的特点。矿石206Pb/204Pb=17.708～18.854,207Pb/204Pb=15.474～15.669,208Pb/204Pb=37.739～39.097。铅同位素Th/U比值范围为3.74～3.94,μ值介于9.34～9.56之间,均低于9.58 介于地壳与原始地幔值之间,反应矿石铅具深源铅和壳源铅特征,铅同位素特征参数、判别图解结合矿床成矿背景和矿床成因,认为姚家沟钼矿铅同位素组成具混合铅特征,这种混合受俯冲造山作用控制,是一种与岩浆作用有关的壳幔混合铅的成矿作用。     

国外几例高放废物地质处置设施选址探讨

根据《高放废物地质处置中长期研发规划指南》所提出的“三步走” 战略, 我国高放废物地质处置项目正处在试验与选址阶段。本文通过总结国外高放废物地质处置项目的建设过程, 总结正反两方面的经验, 认为我国高放废物地质处置项目应采用分阶段决策的选址方案, 健全法律法规, 明确政府、监管方、实施者及公众的角色, 各方保持持续沟通和对话。     

国外地质勘探报告解读要点

对国内外地质勘探报告中确定地基容许承载力的方法进行了对比，并对地基承栽力的修正系数进行了分析。