The Inhibitive Effect of para-Amino Benzoic Acid and Its Polymer on Corrosion of Iron in 1 mol/L HC1 Solution

Poly p-aminobenzoic acid has been synthesized by chemical oxidation method. The inhibitive effect of poly p-aminobenzoic acid on iron in 1 mol/L HCl solution was investigated by polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and compared with that of monomer p-aminobenzoic acid. The effectiveness of poly p-aminobenzoic acid is very high in comparison with that of monomer. The results show that both cathodic and anodic processes were suppressed by p-aminobenzoic acid and poly p-aminobenzoic acid of iron dissolution in 1 mol/L HCI by their adsorption on the iron surface. The inhibition efficiency of both p-aminobenzoic acid and poly p-aminobenzoic acid were found to increase with the inhibitor concentrations. Ultraviolet (UV) reflectance studies of the iron surface after exposure to inhibitor acid show that poly p-aminobenzoic acid is strongly adsorbed on iron surface.     

铀表面离子镀铝层在含HCl气氛中的腐蚀行为

研究了在室温－100℃范围内，含2％HCl的氩气氛中温度对铀表面离子镀铝层腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明，随温度升高，铝镀层抗HCl腐蚀能力下降；与金属铝相比，铝镀层钝化能力增强，抗HCl腐蚀能力优于金属铝和铀，主要表现为氧化腐蚀和氯化腐蚀；同时，与金属铝相似，HCl气体加剧了残余气氛对铝镀层的氧化腐蚀。     

A Highly Regioselective Preparation of 4‐Chloromethyl‐5‐methyl‐2‐aryl‐1,3‐oxazoles

A facile highly regioselective process is described for the formation of 4‐chloromethyl‐1,3‐oxazoles from 1,3‐oxazole N‐oxide/HCl salts. An explanation is presented for the high regioselectivity in deoxygenation‐chlorination using POCl₃ with HCl salts compared to the corresponding free N‐oxides. The method is quite general and the products are isolated by direct precipitation in all cases studied.     

Ni-20Cr合金的高温氯化

研究了Ｎｉ－２０Ｃｒ合金在ＨＣｌ＋Ｈ２气氛中１０２３Ｋ和１２２３Ｋ下的高温氯化腐蚀行为。热力学计算表明,Ｎｉ－２０Ｃｒ合金氯化的相平衡图中存在两个不同的区域,在较低ＰＨＣｌ／ＰＨ２和较高温度区,主要的氯化产物是气相ＣｒＣｌ２（ｇ）;在较高ＰＨＣｌ／ＰＨ２和较低温度区,将形成凝聚相ＣｒＣｌ２（ｃ）。热重测定发现,在ＣｒＣｌ２（ｇ）稳定区合金的氯化动力学表现为速率随时间变化的质量损失行为,由气相扩散引起的线性过程和固相扩散引起的抛物线过程串联控制;在ＣｒＣｌ２（ｃ）稳定区,其氯化动力学表现为质量增加。氯化后样品表面形貌证实了热力学分析与动力学测定结果。     

HCl对沸腾流化床燃烧器换热管腐蚀和磨损影响的研究

采用模拟密集颗粒对换热管底部的冲击作用的装置,研究氯化物对埋入燃烧床中管材耗损的影响机制。结果表明ＨＣｌ加剧材料的耗损,其耗损率随温度升高而上升。同时研究磨损表面和腐蚀产物的显微组织化和组成的特征,ＨＣｌ对耗损率的影响主要在于它促进氧化并降低氧化膜的粘附化。     

膜分离技术在含HCl体系中的应用研究进展

综述了膜分离技术在含HCl溶液体系和含HCl气体体系中的应用,探讨了膜分离技术在多晶硅制备和有机硅制备中的应用前景。     

PVC裂解过程中的形貌学特征参数及其对裂解过程的表征

研究了聚氯乙烯(PVC)裂解反应过程中的形貌学特征,利用高清红外摄像头记录PVC从常温升至500℃的裂解反应进程中的图像序列,并借助Image Pro Plus(v6.3)数字图像处理软件进行数字化处理,得到了能够表征反应进程的形貌学特征参数量化值:即考察区域(ROI)的总像素面积(PA)和泡率(BR)。同时研究了初始形态和杂质对该两项参数的影响。结果表明,PVC的裂解过程分为4个阶段:熔化,第一裂解段,准稳定段和第二裂解段。BR能够准确反映各阶段及反应快慢,PA则可以作为PVC脱氯结束的关键形貌信号。PVC初始形态对形貌学参数的影响仅体现在熔化段,杂质的引入促进了PVC的裂解,使得各形貌参数变化所对应的特征温度提前,BR峰值变大。研究得到的PVC裂解形貌学信息可为含PVC塑料预脱氯处理过程控制及裂解器的优化提供指导。     

秸秆热解过程HCl析出特性的试验研究

秸秆是我国最主要的生物质资源,年产量约7亿t。采用TGA-FTIR联用技术研究稻秆和棉秆的热解,考察升温速率、颗粒粒径及矿物质等参数对秸秆Cl-HCl转化的影响。实验结果表明:酸洗预处理对稻秆化学结构没有影响;随着升温速率的升高,稻秆热解HC1释放量增加,即Cl-HCl的转化率提高,同时达到峰值时所对应的温度提高;升温速率对HCl的影响比热解终温的影响大;颗粒粒径的减小增加了HCl的析出;与原稻秆相比,经5%HNO3酸洗的稻秆热解HCl的析出量明显增加,而添加CaCO3的稻秆热解HCl的析出量最少。     

The effect of HCl and H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O on the H<Subscript>2</Subscript>S removing capacities of Zn-Ti-based desulfurization sorbents promoted by cobalt and nickel oxide

The sulfur removing capacities of various Zn-Ti-based sorbents were investigated in the presence of H₂O and HCl at high-(sulfidation, 650 °C; regeneration, 800 °C) and medium-(sulfidation, 480 °C; regeneration, 580 °C) temperature conditions. The H₂O effect of all sorbents was not observed at high-temperature conditions. At mediumtemperature conditions, the reaction rate of ZT (Zn/Ti : 1.5) sorbent decreased with the level of H₂O concentration, while modified (ZTC, ZTN) sorbents were not affected by the water vapor. HCl vapor resulted in the deactivation of ZT sorbent with a cycle number at high-temperature due to the production of ZnCl₂ while the sulfur removing capacities of ZTC and ZTN sorbents were maintained during 4–5 cyclic tests. In the case of medium-temperature conditions, ZT sorbent was poisoned by HCl vapor while cobalt and nickel added to ZT sorbent played an important catalytic role to prevent from being poisoned by HCl due to providing heat, emitted when these additives quickly react with H₂S even at medium-temperature conditions, to the sorbents     

石墨降膜吸收器吸收HCl的工艺计算及设备选型

结合中国石化江汉油田分公司盐化工总厂的实际情况，对石墨换热器换热面积进行了计算，分析了列管式、圆块孔式石墨降膜吸收器的优缺点，并介绍了一些新材质的换热吸收器。