基于80C196MC单片机的电机软启动研究

本文重点介绍了Intel 800196MC的功能部件波形发生器（WFG）的工作原理,并结合新型晶闸管模块.详细说明了波形发生器在电机软起动控制中的应用。WFG的使用,简化了系统硬件设计和软件编程.使得波形控制简单可靠,增强了系统的抗干扰能力,取得了较好的电机软起动效果。     

基于向量场正规形方法的静态电压稳定性分析

提出了利用向量场正规形方法分析电力系统在不同运行条件下的非线性行为,以非线性参与因子衡量节点对静态电压稳定性的重要程度,并以此确定电力系统中无功补偿设备的有效安装位置。在New England 39节点系统上进行了算例分析,验证了该方法的正确性和有效性。     

命题公式主范式的二进制求法

命题公式主范式在数理逻辑中有重要作用,其方法论也颇具价值。针对解决求主析取范式的传统方法比较繁琐的情况,通过对极小项下标特征的讨论,利用二进制给出了由命题公式的析取范式确定主析范式中的二进制求法,从而简化了由繁杂的命题公式推演或真值表计算求主析取范式的计算过程,给出了求命题公式主析取范式的简便求法——表格法。该法稍做变动后,对求主合析取范式同样适用。     

乳脂肪干法分提组分化学组成及热力学特性

在10～40 ℃范围内,通过逐级升温方式,将无水乳脂肪干法分提成低熔点L20、中熔点L30和L40、高熔点S40四组分,并通过气相色谱-质谱联用法对各组分中脂肪酸（fatty acid,FA）、甘油三酯（triglyceride,TAG）种类及含量进行测定。结果表明：随着分提温度升高,L20～S40,饱和脂肪酸（saturated fatty acid,SFA）含量呈递增而不饱和脂肪酸（unsaturated fatty acid,USFA）呈递减趋势,S40富含长链SFA,短链SFA及USFA较少,而L20与之正好相反,L30和L40 FA组成则介于L20～S40之间;热图分析显示：高熔点TAG较多存在于S40中,低熔点TAG主要存在于L20中,L30和L40则富含中熔点TAG;通过差示扫描量热仪分析,发现乳脂肪及各分提组分结晶-熔化曲线存在显著差异,结晶温度和熔化温度由高到低依次为S40＞L40＞L30＞L20（P＜0.05）,结晶/熔化温度高,液态油与固态脂发生相转变时所需要的相变潜热就大,这为搅打稀奶油原料选择,搅打温度、时间和贮存温度等工艺配方参数设计提供理论依据;通过X射线晶体衍射分析,在长间距衍射中,高熔点组分S40、L40显示结晶状态均为以β’晶型为主的α、β’、β多晶型混晶,而L20和L30中无晶型衍射峰,说明低熔点组分为无定型状态的油脂;在短间距衍射中显示乳脂肪、S40、L40晶体以二倍链长（2L）（40.76、13.49 ?）和三倍链长（3L）（29.44 ?）方式堆积,而L20和L30仅以2L方式堆积。综上所述,脂肪饱和程度高则晶体稳定性强,结晶-熔化所产生的热焓大,适合制备硬脂产品,反之,则适合制备软脂或对硬度要求不高的产品。通过对不同熔点乳脂肪理化性质的系统研究,为实际生产中乳脂肪类型的不同需求选择提供参考数据。     

用正规形方法研究负荷节点对电压稳定性的影响

不同的负荷节点对电压稳定性具有不同的影响程度。应用向量场正规形理论,分析电力系统潮流方程。提出以节点电压非线性参与因子作为依据,衡量负荷节点对电压稳定性的影响程度。所提出的方法可计及电力系统非线性特性对电压稳定性的影响,与线性化分析方法相比,该方法在系统具有强非线性特性的条件下,仍能准确识别负荷节点的重要程度。将所提出的方法用于New England 39节点系统,研究系统中负荷节点对电压稳定性的影响,通过对系统电压稳定性指标的比较,验证所提出方法的有效性。     

非线性水轮发电机组哈密顿系统研究

为了在系统模型中包含机械部分的动态,以导叶开度微分方程和非线性水轮机构成扩展的非线性水轮机模型,并转化为仿射非线性方程。采用正交分解实现方法将系统转化为哈密顿系统,进而通过结构矩阵分解和反馈耗散设计实现为耗散形式。在广义能量描述下,能量流的变化与实际物理系统是一致的。与发电机哈密顿系统连接得到了非线性水轮发电机组哈密顿系统。导出的模型结构清晰,较好的反映了系统内部关联和外部联系机制。仿真表明,系统的哈密顿函数包含了系统暂态中能量变化的详细信息。     

DC/DC变换器的切换仿射线性系统模型及控制

DC/DC变换器控制的主要难点之一在于它所特有的混杂特性。从切换线性系统理论及无源系统理论角度提出了DC/DC变换器建模和调节问题的新方法。首先建立基本DC/DC变换器Buck、Boost和Buck-Boost的切换仿射线性系统模型,然后根据凸组合稳定条件及无源性理论,选取电感和电容的储能函数为各切换子系统的共同Lyapunov函数,据此划分各子系统的运行区域,构造切换律保证系统在任意切换下的二次稳定,最后进行了仿真分析和验证。所提出方法不仅适用于开关变换电路的控制,亦适用于其他具有端口受控哈密顿结构的切换系统的控制。     

河南典型输电线路磁场分布

根据HJ／T24—1998所规定方法对河南电网110kV及220kV常见塔型的输电线路磁场进行了理论计算并与现场测量值进行了分析对比,得出输电线路磁场分布状况图,为线路运行人员、环保管理人员等提供依据,加强时输电线路磁场分布的正确认识。     

Immobilization of solidified ceramic forms with magnesium phosphate cement

Ceramic solidification offers higher waste loading and a more stable state than can be provided by the glass solidification method because of the stable crystalline structure of its forms, but the process of fabricating large bulk solidified ceramic forms is complicated and therefore limited in application. In this paper, particulate ceramic solidification forms were first prepared by using high-temperature sintering; particulate ceramic solidification forms were then added into a paste of magnesium phosphate cement (MPC), which form composite solidified forms after curing. The mechanical and durability properties of the samples were investigated, and the phases, microstructure, high-temperature stability, and leaching properties of samples were measured by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The results show that the solidified forms prepared have excellent mechanical properties, high-temperature stability, soaking resistance, and freeze–thaw resistance. The compressive strength of samples decreased with increasing ceramic content, with the strength reaching 27.8 MPa with a 50 wt% load content of ceramic. With adsorption of the simulated nuclides by the hydration products of cement and the retardation effect of MPC, the leaching rate of the simulated nucleus was found to be 1.86 × 10⁻⁷ cm/day, which is less than that of the ceramic solidified form. A protective layer on the surface of the solidified ceramic form with MPC can further improve the performance of the solidified form.     

Influence of malaxation conditions on characteristic qualities of olive oil

While there has been considerable work examining the effect of extraction methods and malaxation conditions on different characteristics of olive oils, there have been few that deal with all the major aspects. Here we have evaluated three different extraction techniques and the influence of time and temperature during malaxation using a major Italian (cv. Coratina) and the main Cretan (cv. Koroneiki) cultivars. Standard characteristics were measured as well as detailed analyses of alcohols, steroids and phenolics were conducted. Quality was also assessed by Panel tests. The main variables were the total amount and composition of the phenolics. In turn, this influenced the oxidative stability and sensory quality. It was also clear that the cultivars behaved differently and this prevented general conclusions being made for all of the quality characteristics.