基于汉宁窗的配电网同步相量测量装置算法及应用

配电网量测环境复杂、恶劣,输电网的传统同步相量算法难以满足要求。分析了常用窗函数下傅立叶算法的谐波抑制能力,利用3个等间隔的加汉宁窗离散傅立叶变换（FFT）推导出定间隔采样下同步相量测量算法,在理论上消除了非额定频率下的频率泄露影响,能满足高精度的相位测量要求,具有很好的谐波/间谐波抑制能力。针对多个信号同时存在时频谱泄露影响计算精度问题,分析比较了加汉宁窗FFT插值算法相对其他窗函数的优势。理论分析和实际测试表明,采用上述方案后,提升了相量、谐波/间谐波等量值的测量精度。     

Bistable salt doped cholesteric liquid crystals light shutter

Liquid crystals have been used to make electrically switchable light shutters (windows), but most of them are monostable: opaque in the absence of applied voltage and transparent when a voltage is applied. Here we report a bistable switchable light shutter based on cholesteric liquid crystal doped with tetrabutylammonium bromide. The salt makes it possible for the liquid crystal to have different electro-optical responses to applied voltages with different frequencies. The shutter can be either transparent or opaque in the absence of applied voltage. It can be switched from the transparent state to the opaque state by applying a low frequency (60 Hz) voltage pulse and switched back to the transparent state by applying a high frequency (2 kHz) voltage pulse. Because of the bistability, it can be used for energy-saving switchable privacy control and architectural windows.     

RME:基于滑动窗口的实时人脸检测算法

研究了基于滑动窗口的视频实时人脸检测,提出了刚性运动估计(RME)算法.该算法以小尺度人脸瞬时刚性运动为假设,根据几何变换对窗口图像的运动进行描述,以光流代替运动矢量计算运动参数进而识别窗口图像的刚性、非刚性运动类型,通过排除非刚性窗口以提高人脸检测效率.对比实验与分析表明,该算法在准确率与时间效率方面具有优势.     

A novel Parzen probabilistic neural network based noncoherent detection algorithm for distributed ultra-wideband sensors

Ultra-wideband (UWB) has been widely recommended for significant commercial and military applications. However, the well-derived coherent structures for UWB signal detection are either computationally complex or hardware impractical in the presence of the intensive multipath propagations. In this article, based on the nonparametric Parzen window estimator and the probabilistic neural networks, we suggest a low-complexity and noncoherent UWB detector in the context of distributed wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A novel characteristic spectrum is firstly developed through a sequence of blind signal transforms. Then, from a pattern recognition perspective, four features are extracted from it to fully exploit the inherent property of UWB multipath signals. The established feature space is further mapped into a two-dimensional plane by feature combination in order to simplify algorithm complexity. Consequently, UWB signal detection is formulated to recognize the received patterns in this formed 2-D feature plane. With the excellent capability of fast convergence and parallel implementation, the Parzen Probabilistic Neural Network (PPNN) is introduced to estimate a posteriori probability of the developed patterns. Based on the underlying Bayesian rule of PPNN, the asymptotical optimal decision bound is finally determined in the feature plane. Numerical simulations also validate the advantages of our proposed algorithm.     

基于可信度变化趋势的音频分割算法

提出基于可信度变化趋势的音频分割算法。采用定长滑动窗检测结构减少累积错误,在窗内计算各音频帧的可信度,根据可信度的变化趋势检测跳变点,以避免阈值选择和硬门限判决造成的误检。实验结果表明,该算法的分割性能优于基于KL2距离、基于隐马尔可夫模型、基于贝叶斯信息准则和基于熵变化趋势的音频分割算法。     

无线传感器网络中一种自适应的退避算法

802.15.4协议中CSMA/CA信道接入方式为了避免再次碰撞使用BEB退避算法,在重负载的情况下网络性能较差。提出一种自适应的退避算法,它用报文的冲突概率来预测节点附近信道的争用状况,在不同的网络状况下,竞争窗口的取值采用相应的退避策略,动态地控制节点的退避范围,以达到改善网络性能的目的。分析与仿真结果表明,新的算法与传统的退避算法BEB算法相比,在网络负载重的情况下,有效地降低了数据包的冲突概率,减少了时延,提高了网络的吞吐量,同时对信道的公平性也有所改善。     

未知环境下移动机器人遍历路径规划

为提高未知环境下移动机器人遍历路径规划的效率,提出了一种可动态调节启发式规则的滚动路径规划算法.该算法以生物激励神经网络为环境模型,通过在线识别环境信息特征,动态调用静态搜索算法和环绕障碍搜索算法,有效减少了路径的转弯次数.引入虚拟障碍和直接填充算法,解决了u型障碍区域的连续遍历问题.最后通过仿真实验表明了该方法在未知复杂环境下的有效性.     

窗口流量控制的干线动态协调控制方法

城市交通干线在高峰时期经常处于饱和状态,排队车辆溢出至上游交叉口的"死锁"现象时有发生.为避免干线阻塞、提高饱和条件下干线交通流的运行效率,首先提出一种有效带宽评价方法对已有干线绿波协调控制系统的运行状态及控制效果进行监控;其次借鉴TCP/IP窗口流量控制思想,设计一种窗口流量控制的干线动态协调控制方法,控制城市干线拥挤交通流.模拟试验及对比结果表明,通过窗口流量通告的方式,下游交叉口可以向上游交叉口实时告知路段的有效容量,便于各交叉口信号机根据当前的交通需求及路段的有效容量重新分配各股车流的绿灯时间.     

推测网络蠕虫传播路径的在线聚积算法

在大规模网络蠕虫爆发时获取蠕虫的传播路径,可以提高网络的抗打击能力.现有的推测蠕虫传播路径方法只能运行于离线方式且准确率较低.提出了使用滑动检测窗口推测网络蠕虫传播路径的在线聚积算法,可快速获取网络蠕虫的传播源和初期传播路径.解决了传播路径选择冲突和相邻推测阶段传播路径合并等问题.分析了算法的准确率和运行性能.实验结果表明,在线聚积算法在蠕虫爆发初期即可检测出感染边,聚积算法具有90%以上的准确率,所需路径推测时间只有同类工作的1%.     

灵活运用Excel分析学生成绩

考试结束后,通过对学生考试成绩的分析,教师可以对该课程的教学工作进行系统的总结,更好的安排下一阶段的教学工作。该文根据个人经验,介绍了如何灵活运用Excel分析学生成绩的方法与技巧,从而使教学工作变得更加简单、高效。