基于岩石强度的长锚索支护锚固规律研究

开磷集团用沙坝矿采用房柱式上向水平分层充填法开采,岩体开挖后采用预应力锚索进行支护。通过长锚索力学模型计算知当岩体越松软,岩体的弹性模量越小,则锚杆所受的剪应力最大值就越小,剪应力分布范围就越大、越均匀;反之,岩体越坚硬,弹性模量越大,则最大剪应力值就大,剪应力的作用范围越小、越集中,为矿山后续预应力锚索的支护设计提供了理论依据。     

引黄工程国际Ⅰ标新奥法施工爆破对隧洞围岩扰动影响的试验研究

围岩是隧洞最基本的支护结构成分，如何看待围岩、处理围岩是新奥法设计施工全过程中最首要的问题。岩体开挖后引起围岩承载力下降，其主要原因就是爆破的影响。为保护岩体天然承载力，减轻和消除因爆破给围岩带来的损伤，引黄国际Ⅰ标地下工程爆破参数优化试验与分析，提出了优化的隧洞光面爆破与松动爆破参数及在施工中应注意的有关问题，以保证围岩开挖后轮廓面光滑平整，并且最大限度地保护围岩少受扰动，致使新奥法施工顺利进行。并通过爆破振动的观测与分析，得出了只要按优化爆破参数开挖施工，并把最大单响药量控制在３０ｋｇ左右，爆破振动就不会对本洞１０ｍ以远以及距２０ｍ的相邻隧洞的围岩产生任何危害影响。     

岩石边坡风化与侵蚀的研究

对岩石边坡的风化和侵蚀过程作了较为详细的分析和总结,发现岩石边坡的风化速度主要受岩性及构造、气候、岩体结构特性、岩面起伏及其裸露程度和人为因素的控制。此外也分析了岩石边坡侵蚀过程的机理及影响因素,随着冻融次数的增加,岩石的抗压强度显著降低。这些将为工程上治理岩石边坡的风化与侵蚀作用提供有价值的参考。     

岩体破裂变形过程中AE时序特征研究

对室内岩石声发射试验的事件率与应力关系曲线、事件时序分布进行了分析,研究了岩体破裂变形过程与声发射事件时序分布特征之间的相关规律。现场监测结果表明,岩体破裂变形过程中的声发射信号是随机的,非周期性的,随着地质环境等改变而改变;岩体声发射事件主频时序参数突变,由小突然增大,或是在连续增加时突然减少,都是临近破坏的征兆,可作为预测、预报岩体破裂失稳的依据。     

电磁辐射法在岩爆监测中的应用

简述了电磁辐射法预测岩爆的原理,实测给出了有岩爆危险时电磁辐射强度和脉冲数的临界值和有岩爆危险时电磁辐射的变化规律。结果表明,采用电磁辐射法预测岩爆是可行的,并且实施需要时间短,准确率高,能够监测到工作面前方的岩体活动情况,是一种很有发展前途的岩爆危险性预测预报方法。     

Experimental investigation of spatial periodicity of induced deformations in a rock mass

The different-scaled periodicity of the non-uniform spatial distribution of deformations in a rock mass, resulted from its natural hierarchic block structure, is detected by using the Fourier and wavelet analyses. It is established that the block structure of the studied rock mass sections meets the concept on fundamental canonic series of geoblocks in the Earth’s crust. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 2, pp. 21–27, March–April, 2007.     

Geologic Workflows: The Metamorphosis of the Great Rock

Creating a series of inspirational museum spaces inside an irregularly shaped void at the heart of a massive artificial rock formation is no everyday task. To fulfil the dream that had driven construction of the Great Rock at Budapest Zoo & Botanical Garden over a century ago, and to make the most of the space available, local firm PLANT – Atelier Peter Kis devised an innovative workflow that began with 3D scanning of the decaying concrete structure. Architect Péter Kis and landscape architect Sándor Bardóczi describe it.     

沉积岩和火成岩对γ射线的吸收及散射的比较研究

介绍沉积岩（Ｓｉｔｉｏｎｅ和Ｃｏｎｇｌｏｍｅｒａｔｅ）和火成岩（ａｎｄｅｓｉｔｅ和ｆｅｌｓｉｔｅ）的γ射线的衰减系数与散射系数的测量方法和测量结果。四种材料均制成颗粒粗细不同的粉末，在制成样品。颗粒的尺寸有：０．１７、０．１３、０．０９５、０．０３５、０．０６３ｎｍ五种。同时也测量上述品种的天然岩石的衰减系数与散射系数。使用６０Ｃｏ、１３７Ｃｓ、１３３Ｂａ等γ射线源，能量在０．３６到１．３３ＭｅＶ范围。详细地研究了线性衰减系数μ，质量衰减系数μ／ρ、弛豫长度冲及侧边散射系数φ与颗粒直径ｄ、样品密度ρ和γ射线能量是Ｅ的关系。发现线性衰减系数与ｄ和Ｅ成反比与ρ成正比，而侧边散射系数与ｄ和Ｅ成正比但与ρ成反比。比较此两大类岩石的μ和φ差异的原因。实验的结果认为这些材料可用于屏蔽γ射线。     

造型与去造型——龙安寺石庭置石设计艺术研究

龙安寺石庭的置石设计是学界持续关注的课题,成果主要有摹状说与冥思说。在空间设计研究的语境下,庭院与禅宗教义的关联问题可转译为其设计能否,以及如何以具象造型的方式唤起禅宗所推崇的基于直观又超越形式的空间体验。石头的单体形态、组合布置,石组内部及石组之间的呼应关系共同构成了以墨绘空的典例。     

Analysis of predictor equations for determining the blast-induced vibration in rock blasting

The paper proposes a new empirical correlation designed to complement the “site laws” currently used to evaluate the attenuation in the rock masses of vibrations induced by rock blasting. The formula contains a deformed exponential known as the K-exponential, which seems to well represent a large number of both natural and artificial phenomena ranging from astrophysics to quantum mechanics, with some extension in the field of economics and finance. Experimental validation of the formula was performed via the analysis of vibration data covering a number of case studies, which differed in terms of both operation and rock type. A total of 12 experimental cases were analysed and the proposed formulation exhibited a good performance in 11 of them. In particular, the proposed law, which was built using blast test data, produced very good approximations of the points representing the vibration measurements and would thus be useful in organising production blasts. However, the developed formula was found to work less well when a correlation obtained for a given site was applied to another presenting similar types of rocks and operations, and thus should not be employed in the absence of measurements from test data.