Comparison of aromatic and phenolic compounds in cherry wines with different cherry cultivars by HS‐SPME‐GC‐MS and HPLC

To compare the influence of cultivars on the production of aroma compounds and polyphenols, eight cherry varieties (six sweet and two sour) were fermented into cherry wines, and their compositions were analysed. Results showed that by headspace solid microextraction coupled to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS‐SPME‐GC‐MS), a total of twenty‐first aromatic compounds, mostly consisting of esters, acids, terpenoids and C₁₃‐norisoprenoids, were identified, and eleven polyphenols including five anthocyanins and six phenolic acids were quantified using HPLC. May Duck and Early Richmond wines contained significantly higher levels of phenolic acids (>42 mg L^?1) that were associated with high contents of chlorogenic and neochlorogenic acids and also relatively high amounts of octanoic acid and β‐damascenone (odour activity values ≥1000). Hongdeng, Zhifuhong and Bing wines were characterised by higher concentrations of anthocyanins (>41 mg L^?1) and also relatively higher levels of isopentyl acetate. Lapins and Governer Wcod wines were distinguished by lower concentrations of polyphenols and relatively higher contents of ethyl 3‐methylbutanoate.     

低醇半干白葡萄酒的酵母菌耐受性研究

为了考察低醇半干白葡萄酒的酵母菌稳定性,进行山梨酸钾和游离二氧化硫不同浓度的梯度实验,以确定该产品酵母菌的安全耐受浓度.实验结果表明低醇半干白葡萄酒的山梨酸钾的适宜添加浓度为150mg/L,游离二氧化硫浓度为30mg/L～35mg/L,在此基础上酵母菌的安全耐受浓度为酵母菌数＜50个/100mL酒样.     

乌毛蕨保健酒工艺研究

以野生药用植物乌毛蕨全草和糯米为主要原料、采用发酵方法酿造乌毛蕨保健酒.研究了乌毛蕨草粉的用量和主发酵工艺条件.结果表明,添加7.0％乌毛蕨全草粉糖化发酵的成品酒感官质量最好.优化的主发酵工艺条件为0.12％YWBY接种量、料水比1∶1.4,于25℃下发酵6d.再经后发酵、压榨、澄清、灭菌等步骤,研制出富含黄酮类化合物而具有特殊药用功效,且色、香、味俱佳与具有独特蕨酒风格的乌毛蕨保健酒.     

Anthocyanin composition in aged Chilean Cabernet Sauvignon red wines

Anthocyanins in aged Cabernet Sauvignon red wines were studied by HPLC–MS. The major anthocyanin in 6, 7, and 8 year old red wine extracts was the dimer vitisin A produced by condensation of malvidin-3-O-glucoside mediated by pyruvic acid. In aged wine, the content of malvidin-3-O-glucoside decreased with age with a concomitant increase of vitisin A. The latter is accompanied by several condensation products with molecular weight up to 1500 m/z. Differential pulse voltammetry indicated that aged wines have lower antioxidant capacity than young wine (400 mV), but higher than malvidin-3-O-glucoside (483 mV). Tafel’s plots showed that the electrochemical process occurring in aged wines is different from young wines. Six, seven and eight year old wines show similar behaviour with plots of 234, 177 and 188 mV/dec, respectively. These values are higher than the expected 120 mV/dec corresponding to a first electronic transfer but smaller compared to the 523 mV/dec corresponding to young wine.     

《汤臣一品》室内设计手法剖析

设计手法是落实设计构思、解决设计矛盾的技巧或手段,具有很强的可操作性,在室内设计中设计师运用独特的设计思维,表达出独具一格创作构思。本文笔者结合自己设计作品——中国顶级豪宅《汤臣一品》,做详细的分析,从室内整体格局到客厅、餐厅、主卧、主卫、走廊、工艺等几方面进行剖析。     

葡萄酒酿造中有机酸的含量

以巨峰葡萄为原料,选用果胶酶对葡萄汁进行澄清处理。利用低温真空浓缩法研制适合酿造葡萄酒的浓缩葡萄汁,再添加酵母进行发酵。测定发酵后有机酸的变化,结果FFCC2185和FF-CC2186菌种进行葡萄酒发酵的酒石酸含量分别是1.28 g/L和1.38 g/L,苹果酸含量分别是7.21 g/L和7.23 g/L;乳酸,柠檬酸,琥珀酸含量都少于1 g/L。