Case-based expert system using wavelet packet transform and kernel-based feature manipulation for engine ignition system diagnosis

Whenever there is any fault in an automotive engine ignition system or changes of an engine condition, an automotive mechanic can conventionally perform an analysis on the ignition pattern of the engine to examine symptoms, based on specific domain knowledge (domain features of an ignition pattern). In this paper, case-based reasoning (CBR) approach is presented to help solve human diagnosis problem using not only the domain features but also the extracted features of signals captured using a computer-linked automotive scope meter. CBR expert system has the advantage that it provides user with multiple possible diagnoses, instead of a single most probable diagnosis provided by traditional network-based classifiers such as multi-layer perceptions (MLP) and support vector machines (SVM). In addition, CBR overcomes the problem of incremental and decremental knowledge update as required by both MLP and SVM. Although CBR is effective, its application for high dimensional domains is inefficient because every instance in a case library must be compared during reasoning. To overcome this inefficiency, a combination of preprocessing methods, such as wavelet packet transforms (WPT), kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) and kernel K-means (KKM) is proposed. Considering the ignition signals captured by a scope meter are very similar, WPT is used for feature extraction so that the ignition signals can be compared with the extracted features. However, there exist many redundant points in the extracted features, which may degrade the diagnosis performance. Therefore, KPCA is employed to perform a dimension reduction. In addition, the number of cases in a case library can be controlled through clustering; KKM is adopted for this purpose. In this paper, several diagnosis methods are also used for comparison including MLP, SVM and CBR. Experimental results showed that CBR using WPT and KKM generated the highest accuracy and fitted better the requirements of the expert system.     

基于核学习的入侵检测改进方法

针对入侵检测中部分攻击类型检测率低的问题,提出一种基于核学习的入侵检测改进方法。采用核主成分分析(KPCA)对入侵检测中的高维非线性结构数据集进行数据预处理,通过支持向量数据描述(SVDD)构造分类器,对预处理后的数据进行分类。实验结果表明,与已有方法相比,改进方法的检测精度较高、漏检率较低。     

Study on planetary gear fault diagnosis based on entropy feature fusion of ensemble empirical mode decomposition

Because planetary gear is characterized by its small size, light weight and large transmission ratio, it is widely used in large-scale, low-speed and heavy-duty mechanical systems. Therefore, the fault diagnosis of planetary gear is a key to ensure the safe and reliable operation of such mechanical equipment. A fault diagnosis method of planetary gear based on the entropy feature fusion of ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) is proposed. The intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) with small modal aliasing are obtained by EEMD, and the original feature set is composed of various entropy features of each IMF. To address the insensitive features in the original feature set and the excessive feature dimension, kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) is used to process the original feature set. Kernel principal component extraction and feature dimension reduction are performed. The fault diagnosis of planetary gear is eventually realized by applying the extracted kernel principal components and learning vector quantization (LVQ) neural network. The experiments under different operation conditions are carried out, and the experimental results indicate that the proposed method is capable of extracting the sensitive features and recognizing the fault statuses. The overall recognition rate reaches to 96% when the motor output frequency is 45 Hz and the load is 13.5 N m, and the fault recognition rates of the normal gear, the gear with one missing tooth and the broken gear can reach to 100%. The recognition rates of different fault gears under other operation conditions also can achieve better results. Thus, the proposed method is effective for the diagnosis of planetary gear faults.     

Multiphase batch process monitoring based on higher-order cumulant analysis

In this paper, a two-step phase partitioning strategy is proposed. Firstly, the number of phases is automatically determined according to the intra-class and inter-class similarity of feature space data, thus avoiding excessive manual intervention. Secondly, the phases are partitioned by step-wise adding the kernel entropy extended load matrix (KEELM), avoiding the wrong division of phases caused by unstable state of working condition conversion. A process monitoring model based on multiway kernel entropy independent component analysis (MKEICA) is constructed in each sub-phase to deal with complex batch processes with nonlinear and non-Gaussian properties. A new statistics index based on the idea of high order cumulant analysis (HCA) is constructed in each sub-phase for process monitoring. Compared with the traditional second-order statistics, it can obtain high-order statistical information. Finally, the proposed method is applied to the penicillin simulation platform process and compared with the traditional multiway kernel independent components analysis (MKICA) and HCA methods to verify the effectiveness of the method that is mentioned above.     

基于KPCA和SVM的电梯故障诊断系统

针对电梯故障的非线性特性及故障特征不明显,传统方法分析后留下的显著成分不能反映这种非线性属性等问题,提出了核主元分析(KPCA)和支持向量机(SVM)相结合的故障诊断方法。利用KPCA在高维空间具有较强的特征选择能力和支持向量机具有较强的辨识率的特点,通过核主元分析法提取电梯故障特征,以达到降维作用,再利用支持向量机分类模型进行故障辨识。实验证明用此方法进行电梯的故障诊断具有更快更好的诊断效果。     

改进多线性主成分分析网络及其在滚动轴承故障诊断中的应用

针对实测滚动轴承振动信号通常存在噪声干扰,具有非线性和非平稳特性,而多线性主成分分析网络(MPCAnet)在处理复杂非平稳数据时存在非线性拟合能力差、特征聚类性一般的问题,通过引入核变换,提出了一种改进的多线性主成分分析网络,增大了训练样本间的差异度,进一步提高了MPCAnet在处理非线性数据时的泛化能力和分类精度.通...     

基于KPCA的SBR过程监视

序批式反应器生化污水处理系统（SBR）具有复杂的生化反应机理，其固有的严重非线性、持续时间有限、非稳态运行等给其过程监视带来特殊困难。核主元分析（KPCA）方法通过集成算子与非线性核函数计算高维特性空间的主元成分，有效捕捉过程变量中的非线性关系。将KPCA技巧应用到序批式反应器生化污水处理系统，建立了基于KPCA的SBR污水处理过程在线监视策略。在监视暴风雨事件等典型的SBR过程异常状态时，统计指标变化灵敏，诊断及时。与线性PCA相比，显示出更高的过程监视性能。     

改进的RBF文本分类算法

分析了文本分类系统的一般模型及现有技术,在应用了核主成分分析的特征降维方法进行处理后,提出了一种基于样本中心的径向基( RBF)神经网络文本分类算法,并且引入了聚类算法的核心思想,来改进误差反向传播(BP)神经网络分类算法收敛速度较慢的缺点.实验结果表明, RBF网络与BP网络相比,具有较高的运算速度和较强的非线性映射能力,在收敛速度和准确程度上也有更好的分类效果.     

基于QPSO训练支持向量机的人脸识别

遗传算法和粒子群算法等智能搜索技术可在较少的时间开销内给出问题的近似解.量子粒子群优化(QPSO)算法是在经典的微粒群算法的基础上所提出的一种高效的收敛性,稳定性的进化算法.将操作简单而收敛快速的QPSO算法运用于训练支持向量机(SVM),结合KPCA特征提取方法,用于人脸图像的分类识别中,为人脸识别问题的研究开辟了新的途径.     

基于判别核窗宽的掌纹识别方法

提出了一种新的判别 核窗宽方法,进而研究了基于判别核窗宽的KPCA和LPP在掌纹识别中的应用。首先根据训练 样本和类标签计 算类内核窗宽和类间核窗宽;在分类密集区选择较小窗宽,在分类稀疏区选择较大窗宽,可 以有效提取数 据的关联特征;然后运用基于判别核窗宽的KPCA和LPP方法提取低维特征向量,计算特征向 量间的余弦 距离进行掌纹匹配;最后运用PolyU掌纹图像库,对本文算法进行测试。实验结果表明,与 传统算法相比, 本文算法的识别率最高,识别时间小于0.6s,验证了方法的有效性 。