基于炕居系统的吉林省农村住宅设计研究

东北农居在长期的发展过程中,以独特的乡土基因———火炕为基础,孕育了独特的＂炕居＂模式和＂炕居＂文化,＂炕＂集居住、交往、情感、采暖等功能与一身,对空间组织和构建有着重要的意义.以扶余县新农村建设的实践经验为基础,通过对炕居模式的技术改造,创造适宜的居住模式,为吉林省新农村住宅建设提供参考.     

两种方法治疗复发性念球菌外阴阴道炎的疗效观察

目的探讨氟康唑加克霉阴道片治疗复发性念球菌外阴阴道炎的效果。方法将90例患复发性念球菌外阴阴道炎的患者,随机分成氟康唑加克霉唑阴道片(联合组)与单纯克霉唑阴道片(对照组)治疗观察,疗程6个月。结果联合组痊愈率为93.3%,对照组痊愈率46.7%,联合组高于对照组。复发率11.9%低于对照组76.2%,二者在统计学上有非常显著差异(P<0.01)。结论氟康唑加克霉唑阴道片应用可较大地提高疗效,减少复发,是值得推荐的一种治疗方法。     

黑茶微生物研究: 从群落组成到安全分析

形成黑茶主要品质特征的渥堆(或发花)工艺中的微生物来源于自然环境,不同地区黑茶的微生物多样性存在较大差异,为探讨黑茶微生物群落特征,本文综述了近年来国内外黑茶微生物方面的研究结果、黑茶微生物群落组成及安全分析。结果表明,曲霉属(Aspergillus)、青霉属(Penicillium)和散囊菌属(Eurotium)是黑茶微生物群落主要的组成部分,曲霉属真菌存在于黑茶加工的各个环节,青霉属真菌在初制渥堆过程中极少检出,但普遍存在于贮存环节。采用宏基因组技术对普洱茶渥堆样进行研究发现,细菌是其微生物群落的主要部分,细菌与普洱茶品质特别是其功能成分的关系需要进一步研究。黑茶产品食源性细菌毒素风险极低,虽然存在大量真菌,但黑茶在安全仓储下极少检出真菌毒素,正规厂家生产的黑茶产品是相对安全的。     

河南康百万庄园建筑雕饰艺术研究

康百万庄园是河南省巩义市一处保存较完整的明清建筑群落,石雕、木雕、砖雕等建筑雕饰艺术是该建筑群建筑装饰的重要组成部分。该文通过对康百万庄园建筑雕饰分布类型、表现内容、装饰意蕴、造型风格、雕饰技艺等的分析研究,系统地探讨了康百万庄园建筑雕饰的艺术特色和审美价值,以期传统的雕饰艺术精华能够在现代建筑装饰设计中得以传承与发扬。     

寒区村镇住宅火炕采暖与通风一体化研究

火炕采暖住宅是我国寒冷地区村镇住宅模式的主体,长期以来此类住宅一直存在冬季室内空气质量问题,特别是我们的课题组在参加国家＂十一五＂课题科技支撑调查研究中,发现随着寒冷地区低层住宅的保温节能设计的执行,住宅的室内密闭性日益提高,而室内的通风问题,尤其是进新风问题一直没能解决。文中针对这一问题研究了火炕采暖通风一体化的设计对策和技术方案。     

Degenerately Doped Semi-Crystalline Polymers for High Performance Thermoelectrics

Thermoelectric (TE) energy conversion in conjugated polymers is considered a promising approach for low-energy harvesting and self-powered temperature sensing. To enhance the TE performance, it is necessary to understand the relationship between the Seebeck coefficient (α) and electrical conductivity (σ). Typical doped polymers exhibit α–σ relationship that is distinct from that of inorganic materials due to their large structural and energetic disorder, which prevents them from achieving the maximum TE power factor (PF = α²σ). Here, an ideal α–σ relationship in the Kang–Snyder model following a transport parameter s  = 1 is demonstrated with two degenerately doped semi-crystalline polymers, poly[(4,4′-(bis(hexyldecylsulfanyl)methylene)cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b′]dithiophene)-alt-(benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole)] (PCPDTSBT) and poly[(2,5-bis(2-hexyldecyloxy)phenylene)-alt-(5,6-difluoro-4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole)] (PPDT2FBT) using a sequential doping method. The results allow the realization of the PFs reaching theoretic maxima (i.e., 112.01  µ W m⁻¹ K⁻² for PPDT2FBT and 49.80  µ W m⁻¹ K⁻² for PCPDTSBT) and close to metallic behavior in heavily doped films. Additionally, it is shown that the PF maxima appear when the doping state switches from non-degenerate to degenerate. Strategies towards an optimal α–σ relationship enable optimization of the PF and provide an understanding of the charge transport of doped polymers.     

Online identification of evolving Takagi–Sugeno–Kang fuzzy models for crane systems

This paper suggests new evolving Takagi–Sugeno–Kang (TSK) fuzzy models dedicated to crane systems. A set of evolving TSK fuzzy models with different numbers of inputs are derived by the novel relatively simple and transparent implementation of an online identification algorithm. An input selection algorithm to guide modeling is proposed on the basis of ranking the inputs according to their important factors after the first step of the online identification algorithm. The online identification algorithm offers rule bases and parameters which continuously evolve by adding new rules with more summarization power and by modifying existing rules and parameters. The potentials of new data points are used with this regard. The algorithm is applied in the framework of the pendulum–crane system laboratory equipment. The evolving TSK fuzzy models are tested against the experimental data and a comparison with other TSK fuzzy models and modeling approaches is carried out. The comparison points out that the proposed evolving TSK fuzzy models are simple and consistent with both training data and testing data and that these models outperform other TSK fuzzy models.     

Simulation of the heating performance of the Kang system in one Chinese detached house using biomass

A traditional Chinese heating system, the Chinese Kang, is used by 175 million people in detached houses in the rural regions of China, especially in Northeast China. This system utilizes biomass such as corn stalks, straw, corncob and energy plants as the heat sources. The objective of this paper is to establish a set of models to simulate the energy performance of the Kang heating system in one Chinese detached house. An experimental field study was carried out to collect practical parameters in a newly constructed Chinese detached house. The dynamic performance of the Kang heating system was simulated by using IDA-ICE 4.0 embedded with an empirical model built in the field study. The results show that the simulation can obtain good overall agreement with the field measurement results. It was confirmed that the Kang model created by IDA-ICE 4.0 is capable of simulating the performance of the Kang system and of calculating energy consumption in the detached house. Moreover, the result reveals that the thermal environment in the present Chinese detached house is still poor during the severe cold season if only the Kang system is used to heat the whole house.     

东北传统家具初探

东北家具是我国家具发展中一个重要组成部分,本文从东北的地域、文化特点出发,阐述了东北家具的造型、用材及结构特点。     

中国传统窑洞和土炕222Rn、220Rn浓度及其分布的研究

本文采用Rn-Tn固体径迹累积探测器，对甘肃省宁县6间窑洞(明窑)和传统土炕表面空气中^222Rn、^220Rn浓度及其分布进行了测量。结果表明，在2001年10月—2002年1月的暴露时间内，由累积探测器测量得到的窑洞中^222Rn、^220Rn浓度的均值分别为161和307Bq.m^-3(距墙10cm处)、99和158Bq.m^-3(房间中间)；土炕表面空气中^222Rn、^220Rn浓度的均值分别为133和317Bq.m^-3(距炕面5cm)、179和145Bq.m^-3(距炕面20cm)。房间中靠近土墙处的^222Rn、^220Rn浓度高于其他位置，炕表面^222Rn、^220Rn浓度与探测器布放的位置、高度以及是否加热等因素有关。