成都城市燃气应急供气的探索

结合成都城市燃气的应急供气方案,介绍采用LNG车载供应的方式对重点客户进行应急保障的工艺流程和设备配置,通过实践进行了验证,效果良好。     

LNG接收站BOG工艺的优化

文章介绍了液化天然气接收站BOG工艺,针对其工艺优化从处理方式、流程优化、参数控制以及稳定BOG蒸发量等方面进行了阐述。     

液化天然气气化站设计的改进

目前国内液化天然气气化站的设计主要参照国外和国内LPG站的标准,还没有形成LNG气化站的设计规范。根据多个LNG气化站设计、建设和运行的经验,针对设计及运行中存在的问题,对LNG气化站的低温管道、出站管道、BOG储罐、储罐增压器、围堰、消防水系统及办公用房的设计进行改进,使工艺更趋合理,有利于安全运行和减少造价。     

LNG 槽车车载水喷雾装置抑制燃烧机理研究

以LNG槽车操作箱为研究对象,通过建立受限空间内介质泄漏后水雾抑制燃烧非稳态数值模型,研究水雾喷头高度、双喷头水平间距、雾化角度对抑制燃烧效果的影响规律和作用机理。结果表明：操作箱内相对湿度随着喷头高度、双喷头水平间距、雾化角度的增加先升高后降低。喷头高度越高,蒸发速率和平均湿度初始上升速度越快,达到的蒸发速率峰值越高,达到峰值后下降速度也越快。合理设置水喷雾装置能够显著加速流场流通速率,均匀流场分布,防止泄漏气体积聚,增加平均湿度,有效预防火灾爆炸事故的发生。     

Steam reforming of liquefied natural gas (LNG) for hydrogen production over nickel–boron–alumina xerogel catalyst

A series of mesoporous nickel–boron–alumina xerogel (x-NBA) catalysts with different boron/nickel molar ratio (x = 0–1) were prepared by an epoxide-driven sol–gel method. The effect of boron/nickel molar ratio on the catalytic activities and physicochemical properties of nickel–boron–alumina xerogel catalysts was investigated in the steam reforming of liquefied natural gas (LNG). All the mesoporous x-NBA catalysts showed similar surface area. Introduction of boron increased interaction between nickel and support. In addition, introduction of boron into x-NBA catalysts reduced methane activation energy and increased nickel surface area. Promotion of boron had a positive effect on the catalytic activity due to the increase of adsorbed methane and nickel surface area. The amount of adsorbed methane and nickel surface area exhibited volcano-shaped trends with respect to boron/nickel molar ratio. LNG conversion and hydrogen yield increased with increasing the amount of adsorbed methane and with increasing nickel surface area. Among the catalysts, 0.3-NBA, which retained the largest amount of adsorbed methane and the highest nickel surface area, showed the best catalytic performance. It was also revealed that x-NBA catalysts showed strong coke resistance during the steam reforming reaction.     

中国天然气及LNG产业的发展现状及展望

在"双碳"目标下,天然气作为清洁能源在能源消费结构中扮演着重要的增长角色,有望获得大力发展和应用.目前,中国能源消费结构依然处于煤多气少的态势.通过对比中国和世界能源消费结构的差异,发现中国8.3％的天然气消费占比相较世界的25％有很大差距,提升空间巨大;分析了中国天然气消费的现状并对其未来消费趋势进行了预测,预计中国...     

Numerical modelling and flow visualization of mixing of stratified layers and rollover in LNG

A numerical model has been developed to study the mixing of two initially stratified layers which are subjected to a uniform lateral heat flux. An important distinction is made between the free surface and the liquid/liquid interface with regard to the different flow characteristics of the two layers. In the upper layer where warm liquid is cooled at the evaporating surface, the convective circulation is featured by a strong downward core flow; in contrast, the fluid flow in the lower layer is mainly confined to the wall boundary and is much weaker. Flow visualization experiments show that mixing of two stratified layers generally involves two stages in sequence: migration of the interface and rapid mixing between the remaining liquids. The interface movement is due to entrainment mixing at the interface. When the two layers approach density equalization, the interface becomes increasingly unstable and the core flow in the upper layer is able to break into the lower layer. The base to side heat flux ratio appears to be a major factor in determining the mode and intensity of the subsequent mixing at a rollover incident.     

Thermodynamic analysis of an LNG fuelled combined cycle power plant with waste heat recovery and utilization system

This paper has proposed an improved liquefied natural gas (LNG) fuelled combined cycle power plant with a waste heat recovery and utilization system. The proposed combined cycle, which provides power outputs and thermal energy, consists of the gas/steam combined cycle, the subsystem utilizing the latent heat of spent steam from the steam turbine to vaporize LNG, the subsystem that recovers both the sensible heat and the latent heat of water vapour in the exhaust gas from the heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) by installing a condensing heat exchanger, and the HRSG waste heat utilization subsystem. The conventional combined cycle and the proposed combined cycle are modelled, considering mass, energy and exergy balances for every component and both energy and exergy analyses are conducted. Parametric analyses are performed for the proposed combined cycle to evaluate the effects of several factors, such as the gas turbine inlet temperature (TIT), the condenser pressure, the pinch point temperature difference of the condensing heat exchanger and the fuel gas heating temperature on the performance of the proposed combined cycle through simulation calculations. The results show that the net electrical efficiency and the exergy efficiency of the proposed combined cycle can be increased by 1.6 and 2.84% than those of the conventional combined cycle, respectively. The heat recovery per kg of flue gas is equal to 86.27 kJ s^?1. One MW of electric power for operating sea water pumps can be saved. The net electrical efficiency and the heat recovery ratio increase as the condenser pressure decreases. The higher heat recovery from the HRSG exit flue gas is achieved at higher gas TIT and at lower pinch point temperature of the condensing heat exchanger. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

大型LNG储罐保冷性能的研究

根据LNG储罐的结构,给出储罐热流量和静态蒸发率的计算方法。利用该方法对济南某3×104m3双金属LNG储罐热流量和静态蒸发率进行计算,分析储罐热流量的影响因素。结果表明:案例储罐的静态蒸发率为0.074 8%,静态蒸发率较小,储罐的保冷性能良好。环境温度对储罐热流量的影响较大,环境风速和充满率对储罐热流量的影响较小。     

液化天然气高压泵泵井液位波动的原因分析及措施简

通过对上海液化天然气接收站高压泵采井液位大幅波动的原因进行分析,指出泵井内介质LNG物性发生变化是高压泵泵井液位大幅波动的重要原囚之一,并提出了相应的改进和防范措施。