价格不确定情况下炼厂生产计划的优化

生产计划的编制是炼油企业生产经营管理中的一个关键环节，然而由于市场变化的不确定性，使企业制度长远规划受到限制，笔者将多目标规划应用于炼厂价格不确定情况下生产计划的制定，使所得到的生产计划在一定程度上反映市场的变化并能使企业的生产效益最优，为企业管理决策者进行长远规划给予指导。通过实例验证了该方法的可行性。     

后桥壳的可靠性优化设计

该文讨论了后桥壳的可靠性优化设计问题.在基本随机变量的概率特性已知的情况下,应用随机摄动法和约束随机方向法对后桥壳进行可靠性优化设计,并编制了实用的计算机程序,可以迅速准确地得到后桥壳的可靠性设计参数.     

空间桁架结构拓扑优化设计的线性规划方法

本文以杆件内力为设计变量,构造了多工况作用下空间桁架结构拓扑优化的线性规划模型,考虑了应力和位移约束,能够避免奇异最优拓扑和不稳定结构的产生。     

Analysis and Optimization Laminar Viscous Flow Through a Channel

Optimizing of laminar viscous flow through a pipe by two dimensionless values is investigated analytically. Dimensionless entropy generation and pumping power to heat transfer rate ratio are used as basis for constant viscous and the temperature dependence on the viscosity. For this matter we calculate entropy generation and pumping power for a fully developed in a pipe subjected to constant wall temperature for either constant viscosity and the variable viscosity. The variation entropy generation increase along the pipe length for viscous fluid is drawn, either the variation summation dimensionless entropy generation and the pumping power to heat transfer rate ratio are varying the fluid inlet temperature for fixed pipe length and are varying pipe length for fixed fluid inlet temperature are drawn. For low heat transfer conditions the entropy generation due to viscosity friction becomes dominant and the dependence of viscosity with the temperature becomes essentially important to be considered.     

From hospital to municipal cogeneration systems: an Italian case study

A mixed integer linear programming model combined with a more traditional design by scenarios is proposed to optimize facilities size and operation mode of a municipal energy system involving significant civil centres and a hospital. Moving from the need of a new heat and power station for the local hospital due to the construction of new pavilions, the opportunity of involving other centres in the neighbourhood in a distributed cogeneration system is analysed, increasing system complexity step by step. Smaller cogeneration units tailored to hospital needs are rewarding ventures with relatively low risks but, in a country whose traditional power generation systems heavily rely on fossil fuels and where energy policy and market conditions can make it profitable to sell surplus power, district heating systems foster the installation of larger cogenerators and lead thereby to higher profits and to better performance as for primary energy savings and greenhouse gases emission reduction. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

平面扇形可倾瓦气体推力轴承的优化设计

气体动压轴承在小型透平机械中有着诱人的应用前景．本文介绍了平面扇形可倾瓦气体推力轴承的工作特性计算及其参数优化的方法．利用自编的软件取得了瓦块最佳直径比和支承位置等参数的优化结果，并且在微机上实现了该种轴承的优化设计．     

蒙特卡洛法速度谱的自动拾取

蒙特卡洛速度谱的自动拾取采用一种非线性优化的快速方法，所得叠加速度的精度可以满足常规地震资料处理中叠加的要求，转换为层速度后可用于叠前深度偏移成象，在给定初始速度模型前提下建立优化目标函数。采用蒙特卡洛非线性优化算法，以最大相似度量准则在考虑实际地质条件前提下给出速度约束条件，对初始速度模型加以扰动，自动寻找速度谱中叠加能量的全局最优解，从而获得合理的速度模型。实际地震资料处理的应用结果表明，自动拾取速度谱比常规的人工速度谱解释工作的效率大幅度提高。在SUN Ultra60机上,仅需1h即可完成2000km的地震资料的速度谱拾取任务，而且所获得的速度模型不受人为因素影响，转换所得的层速度模型用于叠前深度偏移后，获得了满意的成象效果。     

压水堆堆芯换料设计优化的研究

讨论压水堆堆芯换料设计优化问题，并研制一套实用的换料优化软件包，可用于低泄漏、外－内和改进的外－内装料方案的优化。在低泄漏方案优化时，利用哈林原理将燃料组件布置与可燃毒物配置的优化问题脱耦成两步优化问题。先用线性规划方法进行无可燃毒物时燃料组件布置的优化，然后再用可变容差法寻找可燃毒物的优化布置。应用该软件对秦山核电厂首次难芯换料方案进行了优化，提出了可供参考的一些优化布置方案。     

Optimizing Thermal Process for Canned White Beans in Water Cascading Retorts

Based on thermal degradation kinetics and heat transfer expressed as the Ball formula method, a simplified approach was used to optimize sterilization processes for thermal softening of white beans (Phaseolus vulgaris, subsp. nanus Metz., variety Manteca de Leon) Constant retort profiles in a still and end-over-end rotary water cascading retort (Barriquand Steriflow) were used. Quality attributes of beans processed at the optimum were evaluated by a trained taste panel and by a tenderometer. Both approaches could distinguish (P<0.01) between attributes of products from optimal rotary and still processes. End-over-end rotation resulted in faster heat penetration and better quality retention of beans. Texture of white beans processed at 4° or 8°C from the optimal temperature could be distinguished (P<0.01) by the sensory panel and by the tenderometer.