浅析特种加工技术及在实践中的应用

简述特种加工技术的概念、作用、分类及使用范畴，并重点分析介绍机械特种加工、电气特种加工、热能特种加工、化学特种加工的现状及实际中的应用。     

农田灌溉高效用水管理机制改革对策研究

针对目前我国农田灌溉管理体制不顺、机制不活、职责不清、资金不畅、管理粗放、政策法规不健全、投资体系不完善等的实际,通过对农田灌溉高效用水管理机制的研究,认为必须通过改革建立起符合我国国情、水情的农田灌溉高效用水管理体制和运行机制,并提出了相应的对策与建议.     

A genetically informed study of the processes underlying the association between parental marital instability and offspring adjustment.

Parental divorce is associated with problematic offspring adjustment, but the relation may be due to shared genetic or environmental factors. One way to test for these confounds is to study offspring of twins discordant for divorce. The current analyses used this design to separate the mechanisms responsible for the association between parental divorce, experienced either before or after the age of 16, and offspring well-being. The results were consistent with a causal role of divorce in earlier initiation of sexual intercourse and emotional difficulties, in addition to a greater probability of educational problems, depressed mood, and suicidal ideation. In contrast, the increased risk for cohabitation and earlier initiation of drug use was explained by selection factors, including genetic confounds. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Parenting and other influences on the alcohol use and emotional adjustment of children, adolescents, and emerging adults.

Five articles in a special section of Psychology of Addictive Behaviors (see records 2006-07521-001, 2006-07521-002, 2006-07521-003, 2006-07521-004, and 2006-07521-005) are briefly reviewed. With samples spanning an age range of 6 years to college age, the 5 articles examine potential mediators and moderators of psychological adjustment and drinking behavior. These articles illustrate the potential contributions of gender, personality traits, motivational factors, environmental characteristics, and parenting styles on the alcohol use, consequences, and emotional adjustment of children, adolescents, and emerging adults. Strengths and limitations of the different designs and methods are discussed in relation to the specific findings and the potential insights the special section provides. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Does use-of-force simulation training in Canadian police agencies incorporate principles of effective training?

Numerous police agencies in Canada incorporate use-of-force simulation training into their overall instructional regime. A prominent theory of learning, known as cognitive load theory, suggests that in order for this training to be effective, instructional methods must facilitate the acquisition and automation of task-relevant schemas without overwhelming the limited processing capacity of the learner. In this article, several instructional effects, proposed and supported by the cognitive load literature, are discussed. These training effects operate by minimizing unnecessary cognitive demands, by drawing on instructional methods that enhance schema acquisition, and/or by carefully managing the inherent complexity of the to-be-learned material. The argument is advanced that although use-of-force simulation training may be able to capitalize on many of these effects, at present there is little evidence to suggest that it currently does. The authors conclude by discussing the urgent need to assess how the knowledge gained from cognitive load theory might serve to enhance the effectiveness of use-of-force simulation training. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

镎、钚、锶在黄土地下水中地球化学行为的模拟研究

结合中国的浅地层处置方针和现场实际情况，采用地球化学模式程序EQ3／6模拟研究了核素镎、钚、锶在浅地层埋藏条件下黄土地下水中的地球化学行为，其中包括核素在黄土地下水中的存在形式及地下水-黄土相互作用条件下核素存在形式的变化规律和次生矿物的生成种类和顺序等。研究结果表明：1)在现场地下水中核素的存在形式为：镎以NpO2^ 为主，次为NpO2CO3^-、：NpO2OH(aq)，分别占73．88％、19．72％和5．86％。钚以Pu(OH)5^-占绝对优势(99．68％)；锶的存在形式以Sr^2 为主，占94．84％。2)水-岩作用模拟研究结果表明：在地下水中加入研究浓度的核素镎、钚后，瞬间将生成NpO2和PuO2沉淀，同时还将生成一系列其它矿物的沉淀，主要有赤铁矿、绿泥石及磷灰石等。地下水-黄土相互作用过程中溶液中镎的浓度和存在形式变化表现为突变，在反应的初始阶段以NpO2^ 为主，占95．37％，反应进行约半小时左右时，镎的存在形式突然发生了质的变化，瞬间转变为以Np(OH)5^-为主，且含量占99．16％，但体系的pH值并没有发生突然的改变。地下水-黄土相互作用过程中钚的存在形式的变化基本上遵循渐变的规律。由反应初期以PuO2^ 为主，次为Pu(OH)5^-，逐渐过渡到Pu(OH)5^-、Pu^3 和PuSO4^ 共存，到反应后期则以Pu(OH)5^-占绝对优势，并伴有少量的Pu^3 。锶的主要存在形式在反应前后基本上未发生明显的改变，且在各种体系中均表现为以Sr^2 为主。     

以水资源的可持续利用支持中国社会经济的可持续发展

水资源可持续利用的目的在于支持经济社会的可持续发展。经济、社会的发展是需水部门，如何由水工程或其他措施供水是供水部门，二者必须多次反馈、协调才能作出一个统一的决策。西方先阐述人类与发展，可持续发展的要求和水资源的可持续利用3个问题，然后引用土耳其GAP地区的水与发展为例，并以长江流域为对象探讨这一主题。     

松辽流域第三产业与建筑业用水定额拟定

用水定额是水权初始分配的重要基础，第三产业和建筑业用水定额是用水定额指标体系的组成部分。根据松辽流域的实际情况，拟订了松辽流域第三产业和建筑业用水定额，并做了校验，对用水定额、社会经济发展指标、用水量三者之间的关系进行了分析。     

对土地信息系统设计方法的探讨

针对土地信息系统所需处理的数据具有多数据源、大数据量、以及多时态性等特点，提出了一套基于MO和ArcSDE的的土地信息系统的设计方案。     

Primary processing of chromite ores and ore-preparation of wastes for production of refractory materials

Chromite ore dressing technology is developed to take into account mineralogical, petrographic, and physicochemical features of raw material and its components. A possibility is shown for complex use of mineral resources of chromite deposits by improving the quality of ore-dressing wastes and intermediate products being a raw material for refractories, foundry sand, and antiburning-on paint.Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 4, pp. 98–106, July–August, 2004.