Studies on pore blocking mechanism and technical feasibility of a hybrid PAC-MF process for reclamation of irrigation water from biotreated POME

An integrated low-cost adsorption (with powdered activated carbon, PAC) and cross-flow membrane filtration (with microfiltration membranes of 0.1 and 0.2 μm pore sizes) process was employed for the treatment of biotreated palm oil mill effluent (POME) to produce irrigation water that is fully benchmarked with water-quality standards. The permeate quality was within the recommended standard for irrigation water, as the concentrations of all critical constituents were well below their recommended values. Sustainability of the process integration was further confirmed with the domination of cake filtration over other blocking mechanisms with higher R² values at all trans-membrane pressures. Suitable extended usage of permeate was found for toilet/urinal flushing.     

MF-RO深度处理印染废水及效果分析

采用预处理-微滤(MF)-反渗透(RO)双膜技术深度处理印染废水。通过改变废水的温度、pH值、回用率和RO的操作压力,探讨其对CODCr去除率、脱盐效果的影响及原因。试验表明:最佳运行工况是操作压力为1.8 MPa、水温为35℃、pH值为6.0¹0.0、回收率为80%;此条件下,双膜法对CODCr的去除率和脱盐率分别达到97.4%和97.2%,浊度去除率接近100%,出水水质满足印染工艺回用要求。     

离子源对中频反应磁控溅射AlN薄膜结构和性能的影响

采用离子源辅助中频反应磁控溅射技术在单晶硅及硬质合金基体上沉积AlN薄膜,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、显微硬度计、薄膜结合强度划痕试验仪等对薄膜结构及性能进行表征,着重研究了离子源对中频反应磁控溅射AlN薄膜结构和性能的影响.结果表明:离子源的辅助沉积有利于AlN相的合成,当离子源功率大于0.7 kW时,AlN沿(100)晶面择优取向明显,当离子源功率为1.3 kW时,所沉积膜层有向非晶化转变的趋势.同时,随着离子源功率的增加,所沉积的AlN薄膜致密度和膜、基结合力均显著提高,而膜层沉积速率和硬度则呈先上升后降低的规律.     

Thermogravimetric analysis and morphological behavior of melamine‐formaldehyde filled polyvinyl acetate—Polyester nonwoven fabric composites

The objective of the present research work is to study the effect of different amounts of melamine‐formaldehyde (MF) viz., 0–20 parts by dry weight on the thermal stability of polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) latex impregnated polyester nonwoven fabric composites. From the thermogravimetric analysis, the improvement in thermal stability of the composites was noticed with increase in the MF content. Composites fabricated with five parts MF‐incorporated PVAc showed a drastic increase in the onset degradation temperature when compared with unfilled composites. It was found that the degradation of MF‐loaded PVAc‐polyester nonwoven fabric composites takes place in two steps. Degradation kinetic parameters were calculated for the composites using Broido and Horowitz‐Metzger methods. The tensile fractured composite specimens were analyzed using scanning electron microscope to know the morphological behavior. The increased percentage ash content also supports for the increased thermal stability of the composites with increasing the MF content in the system. The adhesion between the fiber and matrix can be seen from scanning electron microphotographs. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

丝／毛染色同色性的研究

丝／毛染色是丝／毛混纺加工中的重要环节。丝／毛染色受温度、pH值、时间、染液浓度等因素的影响。通过实验,用Sandolan系列弱酸性染料对丝／毛的染色实验,得出其最佳工艺条件。染色后丝／毛同色效果较好,各项牢度优良。     

Heat transfer characteristics in micro-fin tube equipped with double twisted tapes： Effect of twisted tape and micro-fin tube arrangements

An experimental study was carried out to investigate the influence of double twisted-tape inserts (DTs) in micro-fin tubes (MFs) on heat transfer, friction factor and thermal performance factor characteristics of the compound devices in the following configurations: (1) twisted tapes acted in the same direction (for co-swirl) while MF and twisted tapes acted in the same (parallel) direction (MF-CoDTs:P), (2) twisted tapes acted in the same direction (for co-swirl) while micro-fin tube and twisted tapes acted in opposite directions (MF-CoDTs:O) and (3) twisted tapes acted in opposite directions for counter swirl (MF-CDTs). The MF alone and the MF equipped with a single twisted tape in parallel/opposite arrangement were also considered for comparison. The experiments were conducted for the flows with the Reynolds numbers between 5 650 and 17 000, under uniform heat flux condition. The experimental results indicate that MF-CDTs induce stronger swirl/turbulence flow, resulting in higher heat transfer rate, friction factor and thermal performance factor than other combined devices. The thermal performance factors associated with the use of MF-CDTs were found to be higher than those associated with the uses of MF-CoDTs:P, MF-CoDTs:O and MF alone up to 9.3%, 6.5% and 56.4%, respectively. The empirical correlations developed using the present experimental data for the Nusselt number, friction factor and thermal performance factor are also reported.     

Enhancement of solid dissolution process under the influence of rotating magnetic field

The main objective of this work is to study the effect of rotating magnetic field (RMF) on the dissolution process of NaCl-cylindrical sample. The experimental investigations are provided for the explanation of the influence on the dissolution process of a solid body to surrounding its dilute solution in the experimental set-up with the RMF generator. The analysis indicated the strong influence of the localization NaCl-cylindrical sample on the enhancement of mass transfer process. The mass transfer process under the action of RMF is described by means of the dimensionless equation with the local magnetic Taylor number.     

UF膜和MF膜技术在饮用水处理中应用现状的研究

膜技术是２１世纪最有前途的水处理技术之一,ＵＦ膜和ＭＦ膜技术是其中很重要的一个组成部分。ＵＦ膜和ＭＦ膜可截留水中绝大部分悬浮物、胶体和细菌,是可靠的除浊和消毒工艺,但对水中有机物去除率不高,需要适当的预处理。膜污染是ＵＦ膜和ＭＦ膜技术用于净水处理的最大障碍,应尽可能减轻膜的浓差极化,延缓膜污染,从而延长膜的使用周期和使用寿命,取得更佳的经济效益。     

基于MF RC500的Mifare射频卡读写器设计

介绍基于MF RC500读写卡芯片和STC89C52RC型单片机实现的Mifare1射频卡读写器的设计方法.对其系统硬件设计进行分析,并给出对Mifare1卡操作流程.     

MF与PAC协同处理微污染饮用水源水试验

目的研究高效的微污染水源饮用水处理工艺.方法采用粉末活性炭吸附与MF膜截留协同处理微污染水的动态模拟试验,以进出水中CODMn、浊度、色度及UV254作为评价水质净化效果指标.结果系统运行稳定后,浊度平均去除率93%,色度平均去除率86%,CODMn平均去除率70%,UV254平均去除率61%.通过采用间歇曝气和投加粉末活性炭方法可以减缓膜污染,膜污染呈现先快后缓的规律.结论采用MF与PAC协同工艺处理微污染饮用水源水,具有良好的净化效果和性能,处理后出水水质可以满足《生活饮用水卫生标准》（GB5749-2006）的要求.