Synthesis and surface activity of self-sequestering surfactants

A novel series of self-sequestering surfactants has been synthesized by the reaction of phthalic anhydride, citric acid and polyethylene glycol. The unique structural features of these surfactants have been confirmed by infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance and elemental analysis. These surfactants exhibit excellent properties of self-sequestering. Besides good surfactant properties, including surface tension, low-foaming, emulsifying power and dispersant properties, they possess autonomous sequestering ability without any help of additional sequestering agent.     

乙酸酐对魔芋葡甘聚糖的改性

研究了乙酸酐对魔芋葡甘聚糖的改性,制备了魔芋葡甘聚糖醋酸酯,优化了制备工艺条件,得出了酸性催化剂条件下,乙酰化魔芋葡甘聚糖的最佳改性工艺条件为:n(乙酸酐)∶n(魔芋葡甘聚糖)=4 8∶1,反应温度50℃,反应时间4h,催化剂c(H2SO4)=0 038mol/L,取代度DS=0 662。物化性能测试表明,取代度超过0 270时,魔芋葡甘聚糖醋酸酯在水中溶解;60℃时最大溶解度为w(魔芋葡甘聚糖醋酸酯)=12%,取代度超过0 469时,魔芋葡甘聚糖醋酸酯能制成均匀的薄膜,膜厚10～30μm。     

MAH接枝EPDM增韧PA66的研究

研究了MAH(马来酸酐)接枝三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM—g-MAH)对尼龙66(PA66)的增韧作用。利用SEM(扫描电镜)观察了共混体系的微观形貌(形态结构)，并运用小角激光散射(SALS)方法研究了EPDM的加入对PA66结晶性能的影响。结果表明，未接枝的EPDM与PA66的相容性很差，而EPDM—g—MAH与PA66相容性明显增加，EPDM-g—MAH粒子均匀分散在PA66中，共混体系力学性能有很大提高。随着EPDM—g—MAH用量的增加，PA66球晶尺寸变小，共混体系界面结合更加紧密。     

界面改性剂对PP/滑石粉形态结构和性能影响

用在50L固相接枝反应器中合成的等规聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g—MAH)作界面改性剂，制备了PP—g—MAH／PP／滑石粉复合材料。研究了PP—g—MAH／PP／滑石粉复合材料的形态结构和力学性能。结果表明，PP—g—MAH对PP／滑石粉复合物的缺口冲击强度、弯曲强度和拉伸强度均有增强作用；PP—g—MAH对PP／滑石粉复合物表观粘度几乎没有影响。SEM观察发现PP—g—MAH对PP／滑石粉复合物相界面有明显的改善。     

蛭石/PBAT复合薄膜的制备与性能

使用蛭石（VMT）作为填料,以可生物降解的聚对苯二甲酸-己二酸丁二醇酯（PBAT）作为基体,采用熔融-吹塑法制备出蛭石/聚对苯二甲酸-己二酸丁二醇酯（VMT/PBAT）复合薄膜,并通过添加聚苯乙烯马来酸酐共聚物（SMA）作为相容剂制备了VMT/PBAT/SMA复合薄膜。对纯PBAT薄膜、VMT/PBAT和VMT/PBAT/SMA复合薄膜的热性能、流变性能、水蒸汽阻隔性能、断面微观结构和力学性能进行了测试。结果表明,相比纯PBAT薄膜,蛭石的填充使VMT/PBAT复合薄膜的热稳定性降低,相容剂SMA的添加增强了VMT/PBAT/SMA复合薄膜的热稳定性;蛭石的添加使复合薄膜的结晶度降低了约2%。水蒸汽透过量测试表明,两种复合薄膜水蒸汽阻隔性能符合国家标准;VMT的添加使VMT/PBAT复合薄膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率降低,而添加相容剂SMA使VMT/PBAT/SMA复合薄膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率相比VMT/PBAT复合薄膜提高约10 %。     

Combination of double‐modified clay and polypropylene‐graft‐maleic anhydride for the simultaneously improved thermal and mechanical properties of polypropylene

Double‐modified montmorillonite (MMT) was first prepared by covalent modification of MMT with 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane and then intercalation modification by tributyl tetradecyl phosphonium ions. The obtained double‐modified MMT was melt compounded with polypropylene (PP) to obtain nanocomposites. The dispersion of the double‐modified MMT in PP was found to be greatly improved by the addition of PP‐graft‐maleic anhydride (PP‐g‐MA) as a “compatibilizer,” whose anhydride groups can react with the amino groups on the surface of the double‐modified MMT platelets and thus improve the dispersion of MMT in PP. Fourier transform infrared, X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and tensile test were used to characterize the structure of the double‐modified MMT, morphology, and the thermal and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites. The results show that PP‐g‐MA promotes the formation of exfoliated/intercalated morphology and obviously increases the thermal properties, tensile strength, and Young's modulus of the PP/double‐modified MMT nanocomposites. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

甲基氢化苯酐的工业化生产技术及市场分析

为了探索优化甲基氢化苯酐的工业化生产技术,考察了单套产能7．5kt／a甲基四氢苯酐和单套产能2．5kt／a甲基六氢苯酐生产装置的试运行情况。结果表明：提高单套设备的生产能力能降低原材料单耗,接近理论单耗值。分析了甲基氢化苯酐的国内外生产、消费现状及未来几年的发展趋势。     

Preparation and characterization of biodegradable poly(sebacic anhydride) chain extended by glycol as drug carrier

Glycol modified poly(sebacic anhydride) (PSA), a biodegradable poly(ester anhydride) copolymer, was prepared by melt bulk reaction of PSA and glycol. The structure of PSAG was characterized by FTIR, ¹H NMR, and GPC. The results indicate the formation of ester bonds along the polyanhydride backbone. The thermal properties and crystallinity changes of the polyanhydrides were investigated using DSC and XRD. In vitro degradation experiments show that the degradation rate of PSAG is slower than that of PSA because of the introduction of the glycol. Using dexamethasone as a model drug, the in vitro release rate of a drug from PSAG discs was shown to be slower than that from PSA discs, and no initial burst releases were observed for 13 days. PSAG is therefore a promising candidate, which control the release of an incorporated drug over a sustained period of time. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Effect of Vinyl Alcohol-Phthalic Anhydride on Properties of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE)/Tyre Dust (TD) Composites

The effect of vinyl alcohol-phthalic anhydride as a coupling agent on the tensile properties, morphology, and thermal degradation of low density polyethylene/tyre dust (LDPE/TD) composites was studied. LDPE/TD composites with different tyre dust loading and the addition of vinyl alcohol-phthalic anhydride were prepared with Z-blade mixer at 180°C and rotor speed of 50 rpm. The result indicated that LDPE/TD_M composites with vinyl alcohol-phthalic anhydride show higher values of tensile strength, Young's modulus and mass swell, but lower elongation at break than LDPE/TD composites without vinyl alcohol-phthalic anhydride. The SEM micrographs showed that the tyre dust was more widely dispersed in the LDPE matrix with the addition of vinyl alcohol-phthalic anhydride as a coupling agent. It was also found that the addition of vinyl alcohol-phthalic anhydride offers better thermal stability in the LDPE/TD_M composites than LDPE/TD composites.