锦屏一级水电站运行期谷幅变形特性与影响因素分析

通过对锦屏一级水电站运行期跨江段谷幅历年变形值进行比较分析,总结运行期谷幅的变形规律和左岸边坡的变形收敛情况;采用逐步回归分析方法,分析运行期边坡谷幅变形的影响因素,分析库岸岩体变形与库水位、气温及其他作用因子的相关性,总结运行期左岸变形的时空分布规律与特点;通过各种观测手段与谷幅变形进行对比分析,对谷幅观测的可靠性进行验证,论证谷幅成果的可靠性和真实性。     

An approach based on Support Vector Machines and a K-D Tree search algorithm for identification of the failure domain and safest operating conditions in nuclear systems

The safety of a Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) is verified by analyzing the system responses under normal and accidental conditions. This is done by resorting to a Best-Estimate (BE) Thermal-Hydraulic (TH) code, whose outcomes are compared to given safety thresholds enforced by regulation. This allows identifying the limit-state function that separates the failure domain from the safe domain.In practice, the TH model response is affected by uncertainties (both epistemic and aleatory), which make the limit-state function and the failure domain probabilistic.The present paper sets forth an innovative approach to identify the failure domain together with the safest plant operating conditions. The approach relies on the use of Reduced Order Models (ROMs) and K-D Tree.The model failure boundary is approximated by Support Vector Machines (SVMs) and, then, projected onto the space of the controllable variables (i.e., the model inputs that can be manipulated by the plant operator, such as reactor control-rods position, feed-water flow-rate through the plant primary loops, accumulator water temperature and pressure, repair times, etc.). The farthest point from the failure boundary is, then, computed by means of a K-D Tree-based nearest neighbor algorithm; this point represents the combination of input values corresponding to the safest operating conditions.The approach is shown to give satisfactory results with reference to one analytical example and one real case study regarding the Peak Cladding Temperature (PCT) reached in a Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) during a Station-Black-Out (SBO), simulated using RELAP5-3D.     

中国近代火车站之天津西站研究

铁路的建设与发展在中国近代史中占据着极其重要的地位,火车站房建筑也随之成为近代中国的重要公共建筑类型之一。本文的研究对象——天津西站,不仅因其独特的建设背景在当时呈现出别具一格的建筑风采,其中西融合、复杂多样的建筑设计语言更使其在百年之后仍以饱含文化韵味的建筑姿态吸引众多学者去探索、研究。文章从西站的建设背景——津浦铁路入手,通过整理分析史实资料,梳理其历史发展脉络,同时结合19世纪末20世纪初的欧洲建筑变革情况,对天津西站主楼的平立面、建筑细部设计、建筑风格、社会影响进行解析。     

新形势下中国移动城域传送网演变之路

面对急剧变化的业务需求,中国移动城域传送网该何去何从？本文从网络结构、新技术演进等方面进行了分析和研究,并提出了其网络演进思路和方案,供网络规划建设人员参考。     

锦屏二级水电站地下洞室开挖围岩卸荷效应分析及工程应用

根据工程地质条件,基于卸荷岩体理论对锦屏二级水电站地下洞室进行开挖数值模拟计算,以桩号厂右0+000.0剖面为主要研究对象,结合变形监测资料进行卸荷区的划分,分析围岩在开挖、卸荷、加固各工况下的塑性区演化过程。数值计算结果表明,监测点的监测位移与计算位移吻合情况较好。以主厂房第二步开挖全过程为例,可知开挖工况下围岩强卸荷区出现的塑性区在卸荷工况下进一步扩大,而在锚索加固完成后,塑性区基本消失。这说明强弱卸荷区的划分较为合理,建立的模型适当,设计锚固方案有效可行。     

中国现代火车站之清华园车站的研究与保护分析

本文针对清华园车站进行了分析,归纳了对其的保护意义与面临的问题,提出了再利用建议。     

某水电站泄洪洞运行混凝土损伤修复技术

受泄洪过流和蓄水的双重影响,某水电站右岸泄洪洞部分有压段混凝土受损,影响电站正常安全运行。在分析修复工作难点的基础上,通过对渗水大、空间小等恶劣条件下混凝土修复施工技术的总结,阐述了合理、有效、创新的施工方法,包括围岩加固与截排水、钢筋制安、回填灌浆等。可为类似工程及今后水利水电应急抢险提供借鉴。     

Where to for Brazil's Cities? Citizen Empowerment or Global Marketing?

An awakening interest in public space in Brazilian cities is emphasising the value of existing civic areas. Guilherme Wisnik , a critic, curator and professor at the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism of the University of São Paulo, looks at the history and potential future of Brazil's urban spaces. He highlights how despite the introduction of innovative Modernist design in the mid-20th century, which forged ‘a new relationship between architecture, urbanism and landscape design’, more recently the country's cities have been subject to the vicissitudes of market and political forces.