Electrocatalytic oxidation of ethanol on Pt–Mo bimetallic electrodes in acid medium

Pt–Mo alloy electrocatalysts were prepared by an arc-melting furnace process to investigate the origin of their enhanced activity toward ethanol oxidation. Two Mo contents were chosen in zones of the binary phase diagram where they are supposed to form either a pure alloy mixture or a solid solution. Pt–Mo alloy catalysts were more active than Pt-alone. Gradual Mo dissolution at the electrode surface was observed after voltammetric and chronoamperometric measurements. The dissolved Mo contributed to the catalytic effect of the electrode as underpotentially deposited (upd) adatoms. This dissolution probably also leads to an increase in the electrode surface roughness. Low molybdenum content in the electrode material enhances the activity toward ethanol oxidation when compared to Pt-alone. Ethanol oxidation was also investigated by in situ infrared reflectance spectroscopy in order to determine the presence of adsorbed intermediates like CO species. Acetaldehyde, acetic acid and CO₂ were also found by spectroscopic experiments.     

DUO-ICP-AES测定精对苯二甲酸中的钴、铬、铁、锰、钼、镍、钛

采用DUO-ICP-AES同时测定精对苯二甲酸中钴、铬、铁、锰、钼、镍、钛,并对仪器的分析线选择、背景校正、入射功率、雾化器压力、辅助气流量、冷却气流量、蠕动泵转速的影响及共存元素的干扰、硝酸铯灰化助剂等因素进行了详细的研究。方法的检测限:钴0.0097 mg/L;铬0.0021 mg/L;铁0.0078 mg/L;锰0.0012 mg/L;钼0.0027 mg/L;镍0.016 mg/L;钛0.0027 mg/L,回收率和精密度分别为93.0%～99.5%和0.37%～3.2%。该方法快速简便,具有良好的精密度和准确度,适用于进出口精对苯二甲酸的日常检验。     

磷钨钼杂多酸催化合成环己酮乙二醇缩酮

以H3PW6Mo6O40为催化剂，对以环己酮与乙二醇为原料合成环己酮乙二醇缩酮的反应条件进行了研究，较系统地研究了酮醇物质的量比、催化剂用量、反应时间对收率的影响。实验结果表明，在n（环己酮）：n（乙二醇）=1．0：1．5，催化剂用量占反应物料总质量的0．8％，反应时间0．75h，带水剂环己烷8mL的条件下，环己酮乙二醇缩酮的收率为84.9％。     

新疆加甫沙尔苏地区中酸性小岩体型矿化蚀变遥感异常提取与找矿

中酸性小岩体的内部及附近的围岩中常形成与岩浆岩体有关的大型、超大型矿床,已成为找矿工作的一个重点方向。由于地质工作程度的限制,中酸性小岩体易被遗漏,严重制约了该类型矿化的发现。在新疆西准噶尔达尔布特断裂带下盘加甫沙尔苏地区找矿工作中,通过综合分析,提出了以遥感手段为主导的中酸性小岩体型矿化找矿模型:利用ASTER数据,通过图像增强处理、图像解译识别中酸性小岩体并提取蚀变遥感异常,结合地质、化探信息综合分析后确定重点检查区域。野外检查发现了加甫沙尔苏斑岩型钼矿化点,证实了该方法的有效性。该方法可以为西部地区中酸性小岩体型矿产资源勘查提供借鉴。     

Sodium molybdate—a possible alternate additive for sodium dichromate in the electrolytic production of sodium chlorate

Sodium dichromate is commonly used in sodium chlorate production to maintain high current efficiency; however, it is also a well documented carcinogen. To reduce the environmental impact, identification of a suitable alternative with similar buffering characteristics to dichromate and without adverse effect on the electrolytic performance of sodium chlorate production is important; sodium molybdate is a good candidate. Molybdate ion and its conjugated acid work as a buffer pair at pH 5–6, a lower and slightly narrower pH window than the typical buffer region of dichromate. Nonetheless, the molybdate buffer works effectively during the electrolytic process by maintaining pH at 5.9. Although the use of molybdate buffer will lower the overpotential of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) by 100 mV, the average off-gas oxygen content is noticeably compromised at 3.6–4.6%, measured using a pilot cell operated at 3 kA m⁻²and 80 °C during a 3-day trial. The resulting current efficiency of 91 92% is significantly lower than when dichromate is employed as the process additive (> 96%). Mixtures of different dichromate and molybdate ratio were also investigated in terms of the resulting cathode surface potential.     

高速重轨矫正圈用9Cr2MoRE钢的开发研究

通过添加不同含量的稀土元素,对比研究稀土含量对9Cr2Mo钢奥氏体晶粒度、相变点、抗拉强度及耐磨性的影响。研究结果表明,稀土元素可以有效细化9Cr2Mo钢的奥氏体晶粒,当稀土加入量为0.10%时,晶粒长大速率降低最明显。添加质量分数为0.1%的稀土后,9Cr2Mo钢的抗拉强度明显提高,塑性和延展性也有所改善。加入稀土元素后,9Cr2Mo钢在磨损过程中可以避免出现大块疲劳剥落现象,提高了耐磨性。     

An EXAFS study of the Mo/TiO2 hydrodesulphurization catalysis

In-situ EXAFS studies of sulphided Mo/TiO₂ catalysts have shown that at low Mo loadings (2–4 wt%), an active species with a short Mo-S distance of 2.25 Å is formed, while on Mo/TiO₂ with high Mo loadings as well as on Mo/-Al₂O₃, bulk MoS₂ (Mo-S, 2.42 Å) is formed. The species with the short Mo-S distance has Mo in an oxidation state close to 6 + and is likely to result from the sulphidation of the tetrahedral molybdate species present in the oxidic precursor at low Mo loadings. The calcination temperature of the oxidic precursor appears crucial, a high calcination temperature of 973 K favouring the formation of MoS₃ on sulphidation, and a low calcination temperature of 623 K favouring MoS₂.Contribution No. 790 from the Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit.     

Preparation and lithium storage properties of Mo2N quantum dots@nitrogen-doped graphene composite

To improve the electrochemical lithium storage performance of molybdenum nitrides, Mo₂N quantum dots@nitrogen-doped graphene oxide sponge (Mo₂N-QDs@Ngs) was prepared by hydrothermal reaction, freeze-drying and calcination in H₂/N₂ mixture with ammonium molybdate ((NH₄)Mo₇O₂₄·4H₂O), hexamethylenetetramine (C₆H₁₂N₄) and graphene oxide (GO) as raw materials. The effect of GO content on the electrochemical lithium storage performance was investigated. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) results show that the size of the prepared Mo₂N quantum dots is about 2—5 nm, and the Mo₂N quantum dots are uniformly distributed on the surface of nitrogen-doped graphene. The electrochemical test results show that when the GO content is 30%, the prepared Mo₂N-QDs@Ngs-30 has the best electrochemical lithium storage performance, which has 699 mA·h·g^-1 specific capacity at the current density of 0.1 A·g^-1, and has 286 mA·h·g^-1 specific capacity even at the current density of 2 A·g^-1.     

高碳Cr—Mo—W钢M／B复相组织疲劳行为研究

用紧凑拉伸试样测定了65Cr5Mo3W2VSiTi(LM2)钢不同贝氏体量和不同回火温度的M/B复相组织的疲劳裂纹扩展速率,根据试验数据估算了各工艺的疲劳门槛值。结果表明,LM2钢M/B复相组织的疲劳裂纹扩展属非连续扩展机制,疲劳裂纹微观扩展速率的计算值和宏观扩展速率的实测值相近     

Resistance of Mo-bearing stainless steels and Mo-bearing stainless-steel coating to naphthenic acid corrosion and erosion-corrosion

Naphthenic acid corrosion (NAC) and erosion-corrosion (NAEC) behavior of Mo-bearing (0-7.0 wt.%) stainless steels have been investigated in laboratory to evaluate the essential role of Mo on their NAC and NAEC resistance. The NAC and NAEC resistance of a high-velocity-oxygen-fuel (HVOF) thermal sprayed Mo-bearing stainless-steel coating was also investigated in both laboratory and an oil refinery. It was found that increasing the Mo content remarkably enhanced the NAC and NAEC resistance of stainless steels. The Mo-rich areas or phases in the steels played an importance role in resisting the NAEC. The HVOF coating showed excellent NAC and NAEC resistance in laboratory tests. The 700-day field test in an oil refinery revealed that the coating can effectively prevent the carbon-steel substrate from erosion-corrosion during long-term exposure in oil-refining environment. The corresponding NAC and NAEC mechanisms of the stainless steels and the beneficial role of Mo were discussed by taking account of inherent susceptibility of metal elements to corrosion, possible effects of Mo on surface films, and Mo-induced change in microstructure and microhardness.