工艺参数对白钨矿直接炼钢的影响

通过实验研究了工艺参数对白钨矿收得率的影响规律。完全用白钨矿冶炼含钨高的合金钢(9%W)是可行的。硅铁还原白钨矿时,炉渣碱度应控制在1.5以下。碳粉还原白钨矿时,渣中最好不要添加CaF2。硅铁和碳混合还原剂还原白钨矿时,碳还原白钨矿比例控制在30%以下能取得较好的还原效果。     

Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷合金成分与性能研究进展

介绍了Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的基本组成和典型结构,概述了Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷合金成分对组织结构和力学性能的影响,总结了Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的研究现状,并展望了其发展前景。     

Fe-Si机械合金化过程的研究

采用高能行星球磨的方法研究了原子配比3：1的Fe、Si混合粉末的机械合金化过程。用XRD、TEM、SEM及EPMA对球磨不同时间粉末的结构、组织、形貌、截面进行了分析。结果表明：Fe75Si25混合粉末在球磨的过程中出现两种形态变化，一种是Fe与Si形成层状形态，另一种为Si及Fe—Si合金包覆Fe形成包覆形态；球磨至30h，合金化基本完成；球磨产物为α—Fe（Si）固溶体，颗粒粒径约为1～20μm。利用一个简单的模型来对Fe75Si25混合粉末合金化过程进行了描述。     

碳热还原法制取Ti(C,N)的热力学原理

分析了以TiO2为原料，用碳热还原法制取Ti（C，N）的热力学原理。结果表明钛氧化物的还原是逐级进行的，反应过程伴随着相变，当TiO2粉末和C粉末均匀混合时还原碳化反应主要依赖于CO／CO2传质的气固反应，当TiO2颗粒表面被C包膜时主要是碳和钛氧化物之间的固固反应，当TiO2粉末和C粉末混合压球时则两种反应机理均有。升高温度有利于还原进行，钛氧化物的开始还原温度随气相中的CO分压降低而降低。Ti（C，N）中的C，N含量取决于温度和N2压力。     

钒氮钢中铁素体等温形核规律的试验研究

采用Geeble 3500热模拟试验机，对比研究了钒氮钢、钒钢的等温相变特征。结果表明，在相变过程中，钒氮钢中铁素体形核总量和晶内铁素体形核数量都明显高于钒钢，分析认为，这与钒氮钢中V（C，N）的析出造成了铁素体形核位置的改变，同时也增加了形核位置密度有关，尝试用一种新的形核方式对此进行了描述。     

汽车用高强度大梁板的开发

介绍了具有高强度性能要求的汽车大粱板的成分设计思路及试制检验结果，提出了试制过程中存在的问题，试制钢种满足汽车生产厂新的技术要求，为该类钢在我厂批量生产进行了积极的探索。     

高能球磨制备15% SiC/2009 Al复合材料的微观组织与断裂行为

利用高能球磨法制备了15％SiC／2009 Al复合材料。结果表明，基体合金内具有明显的位错胞与亚结构，平均品粒尺寸约为3～4μm。对复合材料挤压棒材分别在25，150，200，315，400℃下测试了拉伸力学性能：复合材料在150℃下还能保持较高的拉伸强度-断口形貌表明，在低温下孔洞首先在界面附近的基体合金内形成，而高温下孔洞可以在整个基体合金区域形成。     

40MnV钢中微合金元素氮-碳化物的析出行为

用Thermo-cale软件对微合金钢40MnV(%：0．36-0.40C，1．36～1.40Mn，0.8～0.9V，0.011-0．016Ti，0．021-0．045Al，0．007-0．016N)中的析出相进行计算，并用电解分析，X-衍射，透射电镜研究了析出相的成分、形貌和分布。结果表明，钢中少量的N和Ti可导致在固液两相区析出尺寸为50nm的粗大TiN粒。随温度降低，析出相尺寸逐渐减小到10nm以下，形状由方形变成圆形，且析出相中V和C含量增加，N和Ti含量减少。随着钢中铝含量的增加，VN析出量减少。     

Parallel Monte Carlo Driver (PMCD)—a software package for Monte Carlo simulations in parallel

Thanks to the dramatic decrease of computer costs and the no less dramatic increase in those same computer's capabilities and also thanks to the availability of specific free software and libraries that allow the set up of small parallel computation installations the scientific community is now in a position where parallel computation is within easy reach even to moderately budgeted research groups. The software package PMCD (Parallel Monte Carlo Driver) was developed to drive the Monte Carlo simulation of a wide range of user supplied models in parallel computation environments. The typical Monte Carlo simulation involves using a software implementation of a function to repeatedly generate function values. Typically these software implementations were developed for sequential runs. Our driver was developed to enable the run in parallel of the Monte Carlo simulation, with minimum changes to the original code that implements the function of interest to the researcher. In this communication we present the main goals and characteristics of our software, together with a simple study its expected performance. Monte Carlo simulations are informally classified as “embarrassingly parallel”, meaning that the gains in parallelizing a Monte Carlo run should be close to ideal, i.e. with speed ups close to linear. In this paper our simple study shows that without compromising the easiness of use and implementation, one can get performances very close to the ideal.     

Multiresolution Visualization of Higher Order Adaptive Finite Element Simulations

h –p–adaptive projection with respect to any prescribed threshold value for the visual error. This projection can then be processed by various local rendering methods, e.g. color coding of data or isosurface extraction. Especially for color coding purposes modern texture capabilities are used to directly render higher polynomial data by superposition of polynomial basis function textures and final color look-up tables. Numerical experiments from CFD clearly demonstrate the applicability and efficiency of our approach. Received September 25, 2001; revised March 31, 2003 Published online: May 26, 2003 The authors acknowledge the valuable hints of the anonymous referees.