中原油田浅井泥浆技术的研究与应用

针对中原油田的地层情况和浅井井身结构特点，提出了一套适合中原油田浅井钻井的泥浆工艺技术。本文介绍了该泥浆的组成、维护处理方法及现场应用情况。采用膨润土－水解聚丙烯腈盐泥浆体系并配合随钻堵漏技术，在少下技术套管的条件下，保证了数十口井钻井作业的顺利进行     

聚丙烯酸铵吸附对TiO2悬浮液稳定及流变性的影响

研究了NH4 PAA在纳米TiO2 悬浮液中的作用 .对NH4 PAA在TiO2 表面的吸附进行了探讨 .结果表明 ,NH4 PAA的吸附量随pH值的增大而减小 .随NH4 PAA添加量的增加 ,纳米TiO2 粉体的等电点由pH =5 .9移动到pH =2 .7处 .高浓度TiO2 悬浮液的流变性能与NH4 PAA的加入量有关 ,加入NH4 PAA可降低悬浮液的粘度 .选择适当的NH4 PAA的添加量与pH值范围可有效改善悬浮液的稳定性和流变性 .     

过氧乙酸稳定方法研究进展

通过对国内取得过氧乙酸卫生许可证单位的统计与分析,介绍了国内目前过氧乙酸的制备方法与发展现状,过氧乙酸的生产方法以过氧化氢法为主,由过氧化氢和乙酸加催化剂合成,分析了在保持过氧乙酸稳定性上采取的措施,并对过氧乙酸的发展方向作了展望。     

聚酰亚胺的研发途径及应用新进展

本文介绍了当今世界上聚酰亚胺及其薄膜产品的研发趋势,以及在信息记录与影像技术材料、新能源及其它工业与生活领域中应用的新进展。阐述了我国进行聚酰亚胺自主研发和技术创新的客观条件与研发途径。简述了作者的技术观点,阐明中华影像技术业界挺进聚酰亚胺领域的重要意义。     

新型耐烧蚀树脂基体的研究进展

综述了国内外新型耐烧蚀树脂基体的研究进展.根据对耐烧蚀树脂基体的评价,介绍了改性酚醛树脂及芳基乙炔等新型耐烧蚀树脂基体的性能及其应用概况,并指出高性能、低成本是今后耐烧蚀树脂基体的发展方向.     

基于故障匹配度的广域后备保护新原理

提出一种基于故障匹配度的广域后备保护新方法.该方法在系统正常运行时,根据系统拓扑和相量测量单元(PMU)的配置情况,形成保护关联域.系统发生故障后,通过分析各关联域内差动电流故障稳态分量,界定故障关联域,计算该关联域内的故障匹配度,并据此确定具体的故障位置.采用新英格兰10机39节点系统的分布参数模型进行仿真验证,结果表明该方法不受系统运行方式的影响,能够在PMU有限测点情况下快速、灵敏、可靠地实现故障定位,且在定位过程中无需修改系统矩阵,计算量小,易于实现.     

Effect of Different Molecular Weights of Polyacrylic Acid on Rat Lung Following Intratracheal Instillation

Background: We conducted intratracheal instillations of different molecular weights of polyacrylic acid (PAA) into rats in order to examine what kinds of physicochemical characteristics of acrylic acid-based polymer affect responses in the lung. Methods: F344 rats were intratracheally exposed to a high molecular weight (HMW) of 598 thousand g/mol or a low molecular weight (LMW) of 30.9 thousand g/mol PAA at low and high doses. Rats were sacrificed at 3 days, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months post exposure. Results: HMW PAA caused persistent increases in neutrophil influx, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractants (CINC) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the lung tissue from 3 days to 3 months and 6 months following instillation. On the other hand, LMW PAA caused only transient increases in neutrophil influx, CINC in BALF, and HO-1 in the lung tissue from 3 days to up to 1 week or 1 month following instillation. Histopathological findings of the lungs demonstrated that the extensive inflammation and fibrotic changes caused by the HMW PAA was greater than that in exposure to the LMW PAA during the observation period. Conclusion: HMW PAA induced persistence of lung disorder, suggesting that molecular weight is a physicochemical characteristic of PAA-induced lung disorder.     

Formation of Thick Porous Anodic Alumina Films and Nanowire Arrays on Silicon Wafers and Glass

A method for the fabrication of thick films of porous anodic alumina on rigid substrates is described. The anodic alumina film was generated by the anodization of an aluminum film evaporated on the substrate. The morphology of the barrier layer between the porous film and the substrate was different from that of anodic films grown on aluminum substrates. The removal of the barrier layer and the electrochemical growth of nanowires within the ordered pores were accomplished without the need to remove the anodic film from the substrate. We fabricated porous anodic alumina samples over large areas (up to 70 cm²), and deposited in them nanowire arrays of various materials. Long nanowires were obtained with lengths of at least 9 μm and aspect ratios as high as 300. Due to their mechanical robustness and the built‐in contact between the conducting substrate and the nanowires, the structures were useful for electrical transport measurements on the arrays. The method was also demonstrated on patterned and non‐planar substrates, further expanding the range of applications of these porous alumina and nanowire assemblies.     

Stimuli-triggered structural engineering of synthetic and biological polymeric assemblies

Response to external stimuli is a fundamental and intrinsic behavior of living systems. There has been increasing interest for designing and constructing responsive polymeric superstructures by self-assembly. Stimuli-induced self-assembly and post-assembly triggering strategies provide an alternative approach for the manipulation of self-assembled architectures of either biological or synthetic polymeric materials. Stimuli-induced structural transformations may produce ensembles with new topologies or materials with exceptionally complex features inaccessible via conventional self-assembly processes. This is in contrast to materials that simply undergo stimuli-induced degradation, or disassembly processes. Since a variety of cellular processes depend on responses to environmental stimuli that lead to more complexity and increased function, and are related to structural transitions over the nano- to microscale, insights into stimuli-triggered morphogenesis can further deepen our understanding of cellular behaviors. Indeed, an understanding of these processes will likely inspire scientists to develop materials with advanced and tailored architectures for biosensing, diagnosis and therapy as well as other biomedical applications. Herein, we highlight state-of-the-art achievements in the stimuli-triggered structural manipulation of polymer assemblies. Furthermore, future developments in this nascent and growing field are briefly discussed.     

含偶氮侧链聚酰胺酸合成及其三阶非线性光学性能

选取苯代三聚氰胺(BGA)和均苯四酸二酐(PMDA)为单体进行微波辐射溶液聚合反应,所得聚酰胺酸(PAA)通过重氮偶合反应引入含偶氮键的侧链,并且通过二次偶合进一步增加偶氮侧链的长度,从而合成新的具有三阶非线性光学活性的侧链型聚合物。通过红外、紫外、元素分析、拉曼等测试方法对接枝聚合物的结构进行了表征。通过简并四波混频飞秒激光系统对各个接枝聚合物的三阶非线性极化率系数进行了测定,考察了含取代基的偶氮侧链的引入对聚合物主链三阶非线性的影响,并考察了侧链上偶氮键的共轭长度对主链三阶非线性的影响。结果表明,侧链上偶氮基团的引入及其长度对提高聚合物主链三阶非线性都具有一定的影响。