聚苯硫醚复合材料的研究和应用

对聚苯硫醚(PPS)共混是材料获得更优性能和特殊新功能便捷有效的办法。本文概述了国内外聚苯硫醚复合材料研究的最新进展,对PPS/无机物和PPS/聚合物两大类共混体系的结构和性能进行了全面的介绍。     

Morphology and thermal properties of PPS/ABS blend systems

In this study the PPS/ABS blend system was investigated in order to collectively identify the relationship among blend morphology, chemical compatibilization, and thermal property. The ABS resin was chemically modified by the incorporation of maleic anhydride through reactive extrusion for enhanced compatibilization, and ABS/PPS and the modified ABS/PPS blends were prepared by a twin‐screw extruder. The effect of chemical modification of ABS on the morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties of the resulting blend was examined. A strong chemical interaction between PPS and MABS was observed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and FTIR. The PPS/MABS blend showed a single glass‐transition temperature in dynamic mechanical analysis, demonstrating pseudo‐homogeneous phase morphology induced by chemical compatibilization. The PPS/MABS blend also exhibited an enhanced thermal stability and heat distortion temperature compared with the PPS/ABS blend. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 661–665, 2003     

2002～2003年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2002年7月-2003年6月国外塑料工业的相关期刊资料，介绍了2002年-2003年国外塑料工业的发展情况，提供了世界各大地区塑料的产量、增长率及所占份额，美国、德国、日本、韩国、法国、比利时、中国台湾、加拿大、巴西、西班牙等国家和地区的树脂产量及消费量，各国、各地区塑料原材料的产量、进出口量、国内消费量及人均消费量，以及日本的塑料原材料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)的品种顺序．对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等有关技术作了详细的介绍。     

Impact Strength and Crystallization Behavior of Nano‐SiOx/Poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) Composites with Heat‐Treated PPS

The effects of heat treatment on the crystal structure and impact strength of poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) and nano‐SiO_x/ PPS nanocomposites were studied. The molecular weight of heat‐treated neat PPS was increased by 28% due to the crosslinking reaction that changed its crystal morphology. Also, the crystallinity was reduced by 18%, leading to an improvement of the Izod impact strength by 66%. Nano‐SiO_x/PPS composites were manufactured by intensive compounding with 3 wt.‐% nano‐SiO_x particles treated by an epoxy functional group. Test results showed that the Izod impact strength of nano‐SiO_x/heat‐treated PPS composites was 91% better and the crystallinity 27% less compared to the same properties of “as received” neat PPS. Nano‐SiO_x has a high specific surface area and a high surface energy; its grafted epoxy group promotes interfacial adhesion with the PPS matrix, hence increasing the Izod impact strength of the nanocomposites.

TEM micrograph of NHTM‐PPS with 3 wt.‐% nano‐SiO_x.     

烷基磷酸酯钾盐乳液性能的研究

基于聚苯硫醚短纤维纺丝和加工工艺对烷基磷酸酯钾盐的性能要求,研究烷基磷酸酯钾盐的表面张力、润湿性、乳化性、起泡性、乳液稳定性等乳液性能及其影响因素.结果表明:随着烷基磷酸酯钾盐烷基链的增加,表面张力增大,润湿性降低,起泡性逐渐减小,泡沫稳定性增强;烷基链的长度对烷基磷酸酯钾盐的乳化性影响不大;随着pH值增大,烷基磷酸酯钾盐乳液的发泡能力减小,泡沫稳定性变差;随着烷基磷酸酯钾盐乳液粒径的减小,离心量减少,乳液稳定性增强;随着温度的升高,乳液的稳定性增强.     

PPS／GF耐高温试件使用22000h后PPS树脂的剖析

本文介绍用热分析仪和X射线光电能谱分析仪对在200±5℃,24.5MPa工作条件下,连续使用22000h(2.5年)后的PPS/GF耐高温隔热垫块的PPS树脂基体进行了剖析。结果表明,PPS的深度热氧化交联只发生在耐高温隔热垫块热端的表层及浅表层。离面层深度1mm的深层,PPS仍具备典型的热塑性特征。此外,对PPS复合构件耐高温特性优化设计提出了新的构思。     

The study of nanoscratch and nanomachining on hard multilayer thin films using atomic force microscope

In this study, nanoscratching and nanomachining were conducted using an atomic force microscope (AFM) equipped with a doped diamond‐coated probe (DDESP‐10; VEECO) to evaluate the fabrication of nanopatterns on hard, Cr₂N/Cu multilayer thin films. The influence of normal force, scratch speed, and repeated scratches on the properties of hard multilayer thin films was also investigated. The nanoscratch experiments led researchers to establish a probe preparation and selection criteria (PPS criteria) to enhance the stability and accuracy of machining hard materials. Experimental results indicate that the depth of grooves produced by nanoscratching increased with an increase in normal force, while an increase in the number of scratches in a single location increased the groove depth but decreased friction. Therelationships among normal force and groove depth more closely resembled a logarithmic form than other mathematical models, as did the relationship between repeated scratching and its effect on groove depth and friction. The influence of scratch speed on friction was divided into two ranges. Between 0.1 and 2 µm/s, friction decreased logarithmically with an increase in scratch speed; however, when the speed exceeded 2 µm/s, the friction appeared stable. In this study, multilayered coatings were successfully machined, demonstrating considerable promise for the fabrication of nanopatterns in multilayered coatings at the nanoscale. SCANNING 34: 51–59, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

大型公共运输中的热塑性组合框架结构的设计、制造和分析

薄壁复合材料具有优越的性能，包括高强度、轻质、抗弯、抗剪性强等，因而经常用于大型交通领域。从目前的研究来看，已经设计、分析并制造出一种用于大型运输卡车的薄壁复合热塑组合结构来代替传统的金属结构。考虑了三种横截面构造，分别是矩形、V字形、C形，对比了编织方向在（0／90）6，[±45／（0／90）2]，及[±45／（0／90）]3等不同的复合材料层合结构。该结构选用碳纤／聚亚苯硫化物（carbon／PPS）作为原材料，采用单模复合成型。通过面内冲压试验，验证了碳／PPS组合结构有限元分析结果，论证了薄壁碳／PPS热组合结构制造策略的设计理念。     

碳纳米管/碳纤维增强聚苯硫醚复合材料研究

研究了采用碳纤维(CF)和碳纳米管(CNTs)增强聚苯硫醚(PPS)的力学性能和导电性能。实验分别采用CF和CNTs为添加剂,通过球磨混合后在平板硫化机上进行模压成型,制备出CF/PPS、CNTs/PPS和CNTs/CFPPS/复合材料。采用万能试验机测试复合材料的拉伸性能;采用数字式四探针测试仪测试材料的电导率。实验研究了CF和CNTs含量对其复合材料的导电性能和力学性能的影响,并进一步研究同时添加CF和CNTs对复合材料增强作用。通过分析复合材料的导电性能和力学性能,分别得出CF含量为20%、CNTs含量为15%时复合材料的力学性能和导电性能较理想。采用CF和CNTs同时增强PPS时,当CF添加16%、CNTs添加4%时,CNTs/CF/PPS复合材料性能较好。此外,对CF和CNTs增强机制进行初步讨论。     

聚苯硫醚的合成与应用

对目前聚苯硫醚（PPS）的合成方法进行了总结,并对各个合成方法进行了对比和评价,指出各种方法的前景,其中硫化钠法、硫磺溶液法、硫化氢法为目前最主要的合成方法.对目前世界各大聚苯硫醚生产商销售的纯聚苯硫醚产品进行了概述.总结了聚苯硫醚复合材料的种类,概括各个复合材料的优劣点.最后,对PPS的前景进行了展望.