蜂窝网无线定位技术在铁路场景下的应用

针对蜂窝网络定位技术定位精度不高和在铁路实际中难以应用的缺点,提出一种新的列车定位方法.方法的核心是将速度传感器和蜂窝网的定位参数处理为若干列车可能的位置区域,并计算区域中列车位置出现的概率,以所有位置中出现概率最大为优化目标,建立列车定位的误差优化模型.在此基础上进一步引入遗传粒子群优化算法对模型进行求解,并用Matlab仿真.仿真结果表明:在复杂的铁路环境中,该定位方法对不同来源的误差有很好的吸收作用,是一种有效的定位方法.     

自适应动态重组多目标粒子群优化算法

提出一种自适应动态重组粒子群优化算法. 该算法采用凝聚的层次聚类算法, 将种群分成若干个子群体, 用一个精英集对非支配解进行存储; 根据贡献度和多样性, 对各子群体的粒子和整个种群进行自适应动态重组; 同时引入扰动算子对精英集存储的非支配解进行扰动, 实现对精英集进行动态调整. 利用具有不同特点的测试函数进行验证并与同类算法相比较, 结果表明, 所提出的算法可加快收敛速度, 提高种群的可进化能力.

     

Optimal design of a 3D-printed scaffold using intelligent evolutionary algorithms

Fabrication of three-dimensional structures has gained increasing importance in the bone tissue engineering (BTE) field. Mechanical properties and permeability are two important requirement for BTE scaffolds. The mechanical properties of the scaffolds are highly dependent on the processing parameters. Layer thickness, delay time between spreading each powder layer, and printing orientation are the major factors that determine the porosity and compression strength of the 3D printed scaffold.In this study, the aggregated artificial neural network (AANN) was used to investigate the simultaneous effects of layer thickness, delay time between spreading each layer, and print orientation of porous structures on the compressive strength and porosity of scaffolds. Two optimization methods were applied to obtain the optimal 3D parameter settings for printing tiny porous structures as a real BTE problem. First, particle swarm optimization algorithm was implemented to obtain the optimum topology of the AANN. Then, Pareto front optimization was used to determine the optimal setting parameters for the fabrication of the scaffolds with required compressive strength and porosity. The results indicate the acceptable potential of the evolutionary strategies for the controlling and optimization of the 3DP process as a complicated engineering problem.     

基于PSO算法的运动目标跟踪研究

提出一种基于PSO的运动目标跟踪方法,并在TMS320DM642上实现.该方法首先针对采集到图像的Y分量通过帧间差分和背景差分相结合的方法建立背景模型,然后检测出前景运动目标,接着通过前景运动目标初始化目标模板,再对目标模板和待跟踪视频图像分别进行两次金字塔降采样,降低目标模板和待跟踪视频图像的分辨率.在顶层金子塔上采用粒子群优化算法对跟踪目标进行粗定位,在中间层和底层金字塔上采用钻石搜索方法对跟踪目标进行精确定位.在目标跟踪的过程中,目标模板随运动目标的变化而不断更新,实现对目标的实时连续性跟踪.该方法可以有效降低计算复杂度,提高搜索效率.     

Position control of electro-hydraulic actuator system using fuzzy logic controller optimized by particle swarm optimization

The position control system of an electro-hydraulic actuator system (EHAS) is investigated in this paper. The EHAS is developed by taking into consideration the nonlinearities of the system: the friction and the internal leakage. A variable load that simulates a realistic load in robotic excavator is taken as the trajectory reference. A method of control strategy that is implemented by employing a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) whose parameters are optimized using particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed. The scaling factors of the fuzzy inference system are tuned to obtain the optimal values which yield the best system performance. The simulation results show that the FLC is able to track the trajectory reference accurately for a range of values of orifice opening. Beyond that range, the orifice opening may introduce chattering, which the FLC alone is not sufficient to overcome. The PSO optimized FLC can reduce the chattering significantly. This result justifies the implementation of the proposed method in position control of EHAS.     

基于粒子群算法的PID神经网络解耦控制

基于粒子群的优化算法具有对整个参数空间进行高效并行搜索的特点以及PID神经网络的自调节和自适应特性,设计了具有PID结构的多变量自适应神经网络控制器。该算法采用粒子群算法优化PID神经网络初始权值,并将优化后的最优初始权值控制非线性耦合系统。系统仿真结果表明,粒子群优化后的PID神经网络控制器具有逼近控制目标更快、响应时间较短的显著优点。该控制策略可在大范围内克服系统的非线性和强耦合问题,具有一定的理论研究价值和工程实用价值。     

An innovative method for dynamic update of initial water table in XXT model based on neural network technique

The initial subsurface flow of whole basin plays a quite important role in daily rainfall–runoff simulation. However, general physically based rainfall–runoff model, such as the XXT model (a hybrid model of TOPographic MODEL and the Xinanjiang model), is difficult to catch the non-linear factors and take full advantages of previous information of rainfall and runoff that is essential to the initial watershed average saturation deficit of each time step. In order to address the issue, this study selected the initial subsurface flow for the whole time series of the XXT model as the breakthrough point, and used the observed runoff and rainfall data of two days before the present day as the inputs of artificial neural network (ANN) and initial subsurface flow of the present day as the output, then integrated ANN into runoff generation module of XXT model and finally tested the integrated model for daily runoff simulation in large-scale and semi-arid Linyi watershed, eastern China. In addition, this work employ particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to seek the best combination of 6 physical parameters in XXT and a great number of weights in ANN to avoid the local optimization. The results show that the integrated model performs much better than XXT in terms of Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NE) and root mean square error (RMSE). Hence, the new integrating approach proposed here is promising for daily rainfall–runoff modeling and can be easily extended to other process-based models.     

基于免疫粒子群算法的参数估计方法

针对污水生化反应模型参数估计问题,提出一种基于免疫粒子群算法的估计方法。该方法采用免疫算法保持粒子群的多样性,避免粒子群算法的过早收敛而降低寻优能力。利用估计的参数值对实验数据进行拟合,仿真结果表明,拟合误差率低于标准的粒子群和遗传算法,进一步提高了污水生化反应模型参数估计精度。     

一种改进的PID参数整定的研究及仿真

传统PID控制由于依赖于对象的数学模型和控制参数难以精确整定,使其很难适应具有非线性系统的控制。针对非线性系统,本文提出了一种结合免疫的思想改进PSO的PID的控制算法,从而解决PID控制的鲁棒性差及受模型限制的问题,并结合了Matlab强大的矩阵计算和系统仿真功能,对文中实例的PID参数进行了优化整定。仿真结果表明,该控制算法有较强的抗干扰和适应参数变化及鲁棒性和自适应性。     

基于PSO的属性选择方法

为了减少实例对属性选择的影响,本文提出了基于PSO的属性选择方法。该方法主要利用PSO算法求实例群的最优熵值,获得相应的属性阈值,并利用阈值确定属性的优先级,最后按优先级进行选择。在实验中,通过确定本体中概念属性的优先级来验证所提算法的性能。实验结果表明,该方法减少了对实例的依赖,计算量也相对减少。