基于CAN总线的大坝边坡安全监测模块设计

边坡监测是大坝安全监测的一个重要方面,边坡监测的自动化是一种必然的发展趋势。针对边坡监测的特点以及边坡监测常用的传感器的特点,设计了一种基于CAN总线控制系统的大坝边坡安全监测模块。该模块采用C8051f040作为CPU,AD620作为放大器,AD7710作为AD转换芯片,并进行了抗干扰、防雷击、防潮以及环境适应方面的设计。实验证明该模块测量精度能够满足水利系统的要求,而且具有长期稳定性,对环境的适应性等方面则有待该系统在青海拉西瓦大坝的现场实验中得到验证。     

白云鄂博铁矿东矿边坡稳定性研究

针对白云鄂博铁矿东矿C区边坡产生的3处不稳定滑体,结合现场工程地质勘察和岩石力学试验,采用理正岩土分析软件5.5版及加拿大岩质边坡稳定性分析计算软件SLIDE5.0对削坡、锚索加固、注浆的二次加固措施进行了分析计算,通过计算得到的安全系数来综合判断该二次加固措施的有效性。分析计算结果表明,通过削坡、锚索加固、注浆的加固措施,可以使白云鄂博铁矿东矿C区边坡最危险滑面的安全系数达到1.186,符合设计边坡稳定安全系数要求。文章最后提出了实施这些措施时的注意事项。     

基于FLAC3D的黄土基底排土场稳定分析

我国大型露天煤矿主要分布在西北部的黄土高原地区,以黄土为基底的排土场形成后,黄土基底的工程性质将发生改变并形成演化弱层,演化弱层对排土场边坡稳定性起到控制作用,由于弱层的存在,边坡容易形成"坐落-滑移式"破坏。本次分析是基于强度折减理论,应用FLAC3D对排土场边坡变形进行数值模拟,展现出排土场边坡变形机理。依据数值模拟结果,获得排土场边坡的最危险滑面和多处潜在滑动面。为排土场边坡失稳的预测及防治工作提供科学依据。     

Benchmarking classifiers to optimally integrate terrain analysis and multispectral remote sensing in automatic rock glacier detection

The performance improvements that can be achieved by classifier selection and by integrating terrain attributes into land cover classification are investigated in the context of rock glacier detection. While exposed glacier ice can easily be mapped from multispectral remote-sensing data, the detection of rock glaciers and debris-covered glaciers is a challenge for multispectral remote sensing. Motivated by the successful use of digital terrain analysis in rock glacier distribution models, the predictive performance of a combination of terrain attributes derived from SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) digital elevation models and Landsat ETM+ data for detecting rock glaciers in the San Juan Mountains, Colorado, USA, is assessed. Eleven statistical and machine-learning techniques are compared in a benchmarking exercise, including logistic regression, generalized additive models (GAM), linear discriminant techniques, the support vector machine, and bootstrap-aggregated tree-based classifiers such as random forests. Penalized linear discriminant analysis (PLDA) yields mapping results that are significantly better than all other classifiers, achieving a median false-positive rate (mFPR, estimated by cross-validation) of 8.2% at a sensitivity of 70%, i.e. when 70% of all true rock glacier points are detected. The GAM and standard linear discriminant analysis were second best (mFPR: 8.8%), followed by polyclass. For comparison, the predictive performance of the best three techniques is also evaluated using (1) only terrain attributes as predictors (mFPR: 13.1-14.5% for best three techniques), and (2), only Landsat ETM+ data (mFPR: 19.4-22.7%), yielding significantly higher mFPR estimates at a 70% sensitivity. The mFPR of the worst three classifiers was by about one-quarter higher compared to the best three classifiers, and the combination of terrain attributes and multispectral data reduced the mFPR by more than one-half compared to remote sensing only. These results highlight the importance of combining remote-sensing and terrain data for mapping rock glaciers and other debris-covered ice and choosing the optimal classifier based on unbiased error estimators. The proposed benchmarking methodology is more generally suitable for comparing the utility of remote-sensing algorithms and sensors.     

基于STM32的手持式测氧仪设计

针对国内传统手持式测氧仪精度低、功耗高的问题,提出了采用嵌入式微控制器STM32F103RBT6作为控制芯片的手持式测氧仪.该仪器通过控制元器件的开断来降低待机功耗,根据所测浓度人工切换系统放大倍数,通过键盘设置时间和报警值等相关参数.算法上采用中位值平均滤波算法进行软件滤波,结合传统两点标定法和多点标定法的优缺点,采用多点标定法进行氧浓度标定,采用分段斜率拟合算法计算氧浓度值.经实验测试证明设计的手持测氧仪具有高精度和高稳定性.     

瞬变电磁法在变电站地质物探中的应用

在电力系统地质探测方面,为了查明引发滑坡的地质形态特征,简要介绍了瞬变电磁法(TEM)的工作原理及其探测方法,并以滇东北区某变电站周边边坡进行探测为例,通过对视电阻率成像图进行分析,得到了视深断面图的地形特征,总结了地质形态的分布情况.与传统的电阻率法相比,瞬变电磁法能够高效、简便地运用在山地环境的地质物探中.     

大坡降复合式水平旋流内消能泄洪洞阻塞扩散段试验研究

以两河口水电站3#导流洞改建为复合式大坡降水平旋流内消能泄洪洞为例,对大坡降水平旋流洞末端和导流洞之间的衔接方式进行了试验研究。提出了阻塞渐扩和阻塞突扩两种不同的衔接方式,并对两种旋流扩散体型局部流态及壁面压强、断面掺气浓度、旋流扩散轨迹等水力特性进行了量测与分析,得到各体型旋流扩散段流态及各项水力特性随上游水位变化的基本规律。     

峰值电流模升压转换器的动态斜坡补偿电路设计

基于HHNEC 0.35 μm BCD工艺设计了一种应用于峰值电流模升压转换器的动态斜坡补偿电路.该电路能够跟随输入输出信号变化,相应给出适当的补偿量,从而避免了常规斜坡补偿所带来的系统带载能力低及瞬态响应慢等问题.经Cadence Spectre验证,该电路能够达到设计要求.     

8098单片机控制下的斜井绞车多功能信号系统

介绍了一个用8098单片机控制的集通讯、打点、显示、存储 、打印及报警于一体的斜井多功能信号系统。从软件、硬件、技术关键等几方面阐述了其系 统,解决了时钟、日期、按键、串行显示、并行显示、抗干扰、长距离传输、普通电缆可靠 传输高速数据等关键问题。