紫外光固化引发剂JD102的合成新工艺

紫外光固化引发剂是光固化技术的核心组成,用量少,但对反应的性能起着关键作用。光固化引发剂JD102(化学名称:1-[4-(2-羟乙氧基)苯基]2-羟基-2-甲基-1-丙酮)具有低气味、耐黄变形好、透明性佳、抗氧化阻聚、可水溶、符合FDA认证的优点,广泛用于UV油墨、木器涂料、光学等高端领域。本文以乙二醇苯醚醋酸酯和异丁酰氯为原料,通过对传统合成工艺的改进,使反应简捷,同时采用相转移催化技术,使反应效率更高、环保性更好地合成出紫外光固化引发剂JD102,并成功进行了产业化。     

Effect of pre‐treatments based on UV photocatalysis and photo‐oxidation on toluene biofiltration performance

BACKGROUND: The integration of UV photocatalysis and biofiltration seems to be a promising combination of technologies for the removal of hydrophobic and poorly biodegradable air pollutants. The influence of pre‐treatments based on UV_{254 nm} photocatalysis and photo‐oxidation on the biofiltration of toluene as a target compound was evaluated in a controlled long‐term experimental study using different system configurations: a standalone biofilter, a combined UV photocatalytic reactor‐biofilter, and a combined UV photo‐oxidation reactor (without catalyst)‐biofilter. RESULTS: Under the operational conditions used (residence time of 2.7 s and toluene concentrations 600–1200 mg C m^?3), relatively low removal efficiencies (6–3%) were reached in the photocatalytic reactor and no degradation of toluene was found when the photo‐oxidation reactor was operated without catalyst. A noticeable improvement in the performance of the biofilter combined with a photocatalytic reactor was observed, and the elimination capacity of the biological process increased by more than 12 g C h^?1 m^?3 at the inlet loads studied of 50–100 g C h^?1 m^?3. No positive effect on toluene removal was observed for the combination of UV photoreactor and biofilter. CONCLUSIONS: Biofilter pre‐treatment based on UV_{254 nm} photocatalysis showed promising results for the removal of hydrophobic and recalcitrant air pollutants, providing synergistic improvement in the removal of toluene. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

Low protein fouling polypropylene membrane prepared by photoinduced reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer polymerization

In this study, 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate and N‐isopropyl acrylamide was block grafted onto the polypropylene macroporous membrane surface by photo‐induced reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) radical polymerization with benzyl dithiobenzoate as the RAFT agent. The degree of grafting of poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) on the membrane surface increased with UV irradiation time and decreased with the chain transfer agent concentration increasing. The poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate)‐ grafted membranes were used as macro chain transfer agent for the further block graft copolymerization of N‐isopropyl acrylamide in the presence of free radical initiator. The degree of grafting of poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) increased with reaction time. Furthermore, the poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate)‐ grafted membrane with a degree of grafting of 0.48% (wt) showed the highest relative pure water flux and the best antifouling characteristics of protein dispersion. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Synthesis of high performance polyamides utilizing copper‐catalyzed amidation of a dibromoarene with different diamides

A series of diphenylquinoxaline‐containing polyamides were prepared from the condensation polymerization of 2,3‐bis (4‐bromophenyl) quinoxaline (DBQ) with various primary and secondary diamides via copper‐catalyzed amidation reaction. The polyamides were characterized with FTIR, NMR, GPC, differential scanning calorimeter, and thermo gravimetric analysis, and their solubility and viscosity were measured. The polyamides synthesized here are amorphous and showed relatively good solubility in polar aprotic solvents and demonstrate the ability to form brownish hard films by solvent casting; their inherent viscosities ranged from 49 to 55 mL/g. The average molecular weights of polyamides were in the range of M_w = 11,950–5592 g/mol (MWD = 1.21–1.87). These polyamides had relatively high thermal stability with T_g values up to 276°C, 10% weight loss temperatures (T_10%) in the range of 364–476°C, and char yields at 600°C in N₂ up to 72%. They also exhibit emission in the solid state and in dilute (0.2 g/dL) DMAc solution at 425–484 nm with photoluminescence quantum (?_f) yields in the range of 14–23%. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

功能型内墙真石漆的制备与性能研究

真石漆在内墙和外墙涂料中得到广泛应用。通过在内墙真石漆中添加掺杂Gd的纳米TiO2粉体,达到分解甲醛气体的目的,实现真石漆的功能化。同时对掺杂Gd的纳米TiO2粉体的加入量及其对真石漆的整体性能的影响进行了研究,获得了理想的效果。     

Application of chrysotile-derived polymer to microlithography

A novel silicon-containing polymer, SCMR (silylated clay minerals resist), has been developed for microlithography. SCMR was synthesized by reaction of the silicate sheet of chrysotile with dimethylvinylchlorosilane (DMVCS) and/or trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS). The structure of SCMR is estimated as a mixture of R₁R₂R₃SiO, SiO₃(OH), and SiO₄ (R₁, R₂, R₃: methyl or vinyl group). The silicon content of SCMR is 40–45 wt% and its O₂-RIE resistance is 50 times as high as that of a novolak-based photoresist. SCMR has a high thermal stability and its profiles are not changed up to 300°C. SCMR is a negative working E-beam resist and has a high sensitivity, 2 µC/cm², and a high resolution, 0.2-µm line and space. CMPR (clay minerals positive resist), consisting of SCMR and an acid generator, has been developed for a positive working E-beam resist. It has a high sensitivity, 0.2 µC/cm².     

制备不同稀土掺杂的纳米氧化钛光催化剂及其光催化活性

以钛酸丁酯为原料,通过溶胶-凝胶法合成了Dy2O3-TiO2,CeO2-TiO2和Gd2O3-TiO2光催化剂。以甲基橙和亚甲基蓝为目标降解物,研究了3种复合光催化剂的光催化活性。通过紫外可见光光谱分析发现：3种光催化剂对不同降解物均表现出一定的光催化活性。掺杂质量分数(下同)为1．25％Gd2O3的光催化剂对甲基橙的降解效率较高,掺杂1．25％CeO2的光催化剂对亚甲基蓝具有较好的降解活性。因此,掺杂不同稀土氧化物的纳米TiO2光催化剂对不同有机物具有选择性降解活性。     

纤维掺量对浮石轻骨料混凝土气孔分维数与抗冻耐久性的影响

研究了当玻璃纤维掺量分别为0 kg/m3,0.3 kg/m3,0.6 kg/m3,0.9 kg/m3时,浮石轻骨料混凝土的抗冻耐久性;并用硬化混凝土气泡分析仪,测出浮石轻骨料混凝土的气孔弦长分布,计算出气孔分布分形维数D(以下简称分维数D).讨论浮石轻骨料混凝土在掺入不同纤维掺量的条件下分维数D与抗冻耐久性之间的关系.结果表明:随着玻璃纤维掺入量的增大,纤维浮石轻骨料混凝土的抗冻耐久性与分维数D随之变化,当玻璃纤维掺量在0.6kg/m3时各项指标最优;并且发现10～500 μm这一范围内的孔径级配对于抗冻耐久性来说也是一个很重要的指标.     

Photon transmission technique for monitoring drying processes in acrylamide gels formed with various crosslinker contents

In situ photon transmission experiments were performed using UV‐visible (UVV) spectrometer during the drying of polyacrylamide (PAAm) gels. These gels are formed from acrylamide (AAm) with various N,N′‐methylenebis(acrylamide) (Bis) contents by free radical crosslinking copolymerization (FCC) in water. The transmitted light intensity, I_tr increased continuously as PAAm gels are dried. Increase in I_tr was attributed to the decrease in the scattered light intensity, I_sc, which might be originated from the contrast between “frozen blob clusters” and holes in the drying gel. Decrease in I_sc was modeled using Rayleigh's equation, where drying times with various exponents were found to be proportional to the volume of frozen blob clusters. It was observed that the radius of frozen blob cluster (correlation length), ξ_c increased in various power of time, depending on Bis contents during drying of gels. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 1898–1906, 2001     

有机光导体的发展趋势

论述了有机光导体的发展历程及研究近况,重点讨论了电荷产生材料以及电荷传输材料的研究进展。