Benchmarking of thermal hydraulic loop models for Lead-Alloy Cooled Advanced Nuclear Energy System (LACANES), phase-I: Isothermal steady state forced convection

As highly promising coolant for new generation nuclear reactors, liquid Lead-Bismuth Eutectic has been extensively worldwide investigated. With high expectation about this advanced coolant, a multi-national systematic study on LBE was proposed in 2007, which covers benchmarking of thermal hydraulic prediction models for Lead-Alloy Cooled Advanced Nuclear Energy System (LACANES). This international collaboration has been organized by OECD/NEA, and nine organizations - ENEA, ERSE, GIDROPRESS, IAEA, IPPE, KIT/IKET, KIT/INR, NUTRECK, and RRC KI - contribute their efforts to LACANES benchmarking. To produce experimental data for LACANES benchmarking, thermal-hydraulic tests were conducted by using a 12-m tall LBE integral test facility, named as Heavy Eutectic liquid metal loop for integral test of Operability and Safety of PEACER (HELIOS) which has been constructed in 2005 at the Seoul National University in the Republic of Korea. LACANES benchmark campaigns consist of a forced convection (phase-I) and a natural circulation (phase-II). In the forced convection case, the predictions of pressure losses based on handbook correlations and that obtained by Computational Fluid Dynamics code simulation were compared with the measured data for various components of the HELIOS test facility. Based on comparative analyses of the predictions and the measured data, recommendations for the prediction methods of a pressure loss in LACANES were obtained. In this paper, results for the forced convection case (phase-I) of LACANES benchmarking are described.     

常压蒸馏装置加工俄罗斯原油的腐蚀与防护

论述了肯压蒸馏装置加工俄罗斯原油设备腐蚀的机理、发生腐蚀的部位,低温部位产生腐蚀的主要原因是HCl-H_2S-H_2O腐蚀；高温部位主要为环烷酸腐蚀、硫化物的腐蚀和低温烟气露点腐蚀。同时提出了在塔顶系统加注YD-01高效缓蚀剂和选材的建议。     

Comparison of hydrogen generation for TVSM and TVSA fuel assemblies for water water energy reactor (VVER)-1000

This paper presents the results received during investigation of hydrogen generation for both types fuel assemblies—the old modernistic type of fuel assemblies (TVSM) and recently installed new one alternative type of fuel assemblies (TVSA) in case of severe accident. There are some differences between both types FAs. They have different geometry as well as different burnable poisons. To investigate behavior of new fuel assemblies during the severe conditions it have been performed comparison of fuel behavior of old type TVSM fuel assembly to new one TVSA.To perform this investigation it has been used MELCOR “input model” for Kozloduy Nuclear Power Plant (KNPP) VVER 1000. The model was developed by Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy-Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (INRNE-BAS) for investigation of severe accident scenarios and Probabilistic Safety Analyses (PSA) level 2. The model provides a significant analytical capability for the Bulgarian technical specialists, working in the field of the NPP safety, for analysis of core and containment damaged states and the estimation of radionuclides release outside fuel cladding.It was accepted criteria for vessel integrity about hydrogen concentration to be 8%. This criterion was based on the decision of RSK (Germany commission for reactor safety).Generally based on the received results it was made conclusion that using both types of fuel assemblies it was not disturbance safety conditions of NPP.     

加工俄罗斯原油常压装置设计中应注意的问题

哈尔滨石化分公司为适应原油品种的变化 ,在常压装置技术改造中 ,采用防腐措施 ,调整换热流程 ,换热终温比技术改造前提高 40℃ ;采用热管换热器回收热能 ,能耗较技术改造前平均低 12 5kJ/t原油 ;改造后的常压装置能炼制含硫 <0 5% ,含酸 0 5mgKOH/L原油     

Multimedia design: the effects of relating multimodal information

Abstract Few models describe learner behaviour during the simultaneous processing of several types of information, yet this is the defining characteristic of the use of multimedia tools, which bring together media in different informational formats (fixed or moving images, sound, text). Following studies in cognitive psychology concerning the increase in the ability to form mental images of words, this study was aimed at defining how different multimedia presentation modes affect the learning of foreign language vocabulary (Russian). A statistically significant effect was observed on word memorisation in the different information presentation modes, suggesting better processing when there is co-referencing of the different sources, especially when the encoding and tests modes are the same. In addition to these experimental results, some principles for the design of multimodal learning tools are discussed.     

俄罗斯航空刹车用C/C复合材料的研究现状

介绍了俄罗斯航空用C/C复合材料的发展现状、工艺路线、应用状况,对工艺特点进行了评价。     

哈尔滨俄式古建筑保护性研究

对哈尔滨城市历史发展脉络、现有俄式古建筑的分布位置及现状进行了分析,结合特殊的历史成因,借鉴先进城市古建筑保护成功案例,与之对比从中发现问题,并根据哈尔滨城市自身现状,提出如何改进对现有城市遗存俄式古建筑进行合理的保护、开发、探索、研究的方法,从而使这座东北边城能够为后代留下更多具有历史文化意义的城市建筑。     

Conviction Into Tectonics: The Work of Rintala Eggertsson

Guest-Editor Christian Hermansen Cordua describes how the work of Norwegian practice Rintala Eggertsson Architects is informed by the principals' strong socio-cultural convictions. They believe that raw capitalism alone cannot create a positive environment; as it renders the landscape no more than a site of mechanised production in which as little as possible is invested with a view to gaining as much as possible in the shortest time possible.     

俄罗斯及独联体国家铜自热熔炼工艺的发展

俄罗斯及其他独联体国家在铜粗炼领域采用各种不同的连续自热熔炼工艺。这些工艺包括氧焰熔炼工艺、瓦纽科夫熔炼工艺、固定式顶吹炉熔炼工艺和可倾炉熔炼工艺。 粗铜熔炼工艺的进一步改进涉及用自热熔炼炉生产白冰铜、连续吹炼高品位冰铜并产出含Cu〈0．5％的弃渣。     

俄罗斯潜射战略弹道导弹的发展与前景

全面介绍俄罗斯潜射弹道导弹的发展情况,包括第1、2、3代导弹;对正在研制的SS-N-23改进Ⅲ型、SS-NX-30等新型导弹做了着重阐述;最后对俄罗斯潜射弹道导弹的发展特点和前景进行了分析和展望.