AZ31+Y+Sr镁合金板超塑成形中空洞演化

针对添加了Y和Sr元素双辊连铸连轧(TRC)AZ31镁合金板材气胀成形过程中空洞形成进行了研究,采用了双辊连铸连轧工艺制备出1 mm厚的AZ31和AZ31+Y+Sr板材,并进行了气胀成形实验.通过宏观测量与金相观察对胀形件进行分析,结果表明:连铸连轧工艺能够有效细化晶粒,在同等温度条件下,添加了Y和Sr元素的AZ31板材其超塑性能比普通双辊连铸连轧AZ31板材有显著提高;胀形件顶部比球面的空洞尺寸大、数量多,空洞的形成经过了形核、长大和聚合三个阶段,最终导致材料的断裂.     

237Np,238Pu,241Am和90Sr在中国和日本膨润土中迁移的野外试验

从1997年6月25日到2000年7月11日在中国辐射防护研究院试验场，在天然降雨和人工喷淋（15mm/d）两种条件下，在包气带黄土中进行了²³⁷Np,²³⁸Pu,²⁴¹Am和⁹⁰Sr在中国膨润土和日本膨润土中迁移的野外试验。试块由膨润土和砂子以质量比为15∶85组成，试块大小为150mm×150mm。试验结果表明，在两种条件下，核素在两种膨润土试块中分布状态和变化趋势相似，²³⁸Pu和²⁴¹Am在3a内没有明显移动，²³⁷Np和⁹⁰Sr在天然降雨条件下，分布曲线有所展宽；在人工喷淋条件下经1106d后，²³⁷Np和⁹⁰Sr在试块内分别向下迁移15mm和20mm，呈现出扩散为主的迁移。     

La0.6Sr0.4Co1-yFeyO3的混合导电性研究

采用直流四探针法和两端子电子阻塞电极交流阻抗谱研究了GNP法制备La0．6Sr0．4Co1-yFeyO3陶瓷的电子-离子混合导电性能．在室温-900℃范围内，La0．6Sr0．4CoO3的电子电导率随温度的升高而单调降低，其它样品的电子电导率随温度的升高在600℃附近达到最大值．La0．6Sr0．4Co1-yFeyO3陶瓷的氧离子电导率随温度的升高而增加．在相同温度下，随着Co／Fe比例的增加，La0．6Sr0．4Co1-yFeyO3陶瓷的电子电导率和氧离子电导率增加，电子导电活化能和离子导电活化能降低．氧离子迁移数随温度的升高而增加，随Co／Fe比例的增加而降低．     

‘Beautiful’ unconventional synthesis and processing technologies of superconductors and some other materials

Abstract

Superconducting materials have contributed significantly to the development of modern materials science and engineering. Specific technological solutions for their synthesis and processing helped in understanding the principles and approaches to the design, fabrication and application of many other materials. In this review, we explore the bidirectional relationship between the general and particular synthesis concepts. The analysis is mostly based on our studies where some unconventional technologies were applied to different superconductors and some other materials. These technologies include spray-frozen freeze-drying, fast pyrolysis, field-assisted sintering (or spark plasma sintering), nanoblasting, processing in high magnetic fields, methods of control of supersaturation and migration during film growth, and mechanical treatments of composite wires. The analysis provides future research directions and some key elements to define the concept of ‘beautiful’ technology in materials science. It also reconfirms the key position and importance of superconductors in the development of new materials and unconventional synthesis approaches.     

Microstructure and electrical conductivity of La0.9Sr0.1 Ga0.8Mg0.2O2.85-Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 composite electrolytes for SOFCs

(100-x) wt.% La_0.9Sr_0.1 Ga_0.8Mg_0.2O_2.85 - x wt.% Ce_0.8Gd_0.2O_1.9 (x = 0, 5, 10, 20) electrolytes were prepared by solid-state reaction. The composition, microstructure, and electrical conductivity of the samples were investigated. At 300 ~ 600°C, the pure La_0.9Sr_0.1 Ga_0.8Mg_0.2O_2.85 electrolyte has a higher conductivity compared to the composite electrolytes, but at 650 ~ 800°C the 95 wt.% La_0.9Sr_0.1 Ga_0.8Mg_0.2O_2.85 - 5 wt.% Ce_0.8Gd_0.2O_1.9 composite electrolyte presents the highest conductivity, reaching 0.035 S cm⁻¹ at 800°C. The cell performances based on La_0.9Sr_0.1 Ga_0.8Mg_0.2O_2.85-Ce_0.8Gd_0.2O_1.9 electrolytes were measured using Sr₂CoMoO₆-La_0.9Sr_0.1 Ga_0.8Mg_0.2O_2.85 as anode and Sr₂Co_0.9Mn_0.1NbO₆ -La_0.9Sr_0.1 Ga_0.8Mg_0.2O_2.85 as cathode, respectively. At 800°C, the measured open-circuit voltages are higher than 1.08 V, and the maximum power density and current density of the fuel cell prepared with 95 wt.% La_0.9Sr_0.1 Ga_0.8Mg_0.2O_2.85 - 5 wt.% Ce_0.8Gd_0.2O_1.9 electrolyte reach 192 mW cm⁻² and 720 mA cm⁻², respectively.     

Microstructural evolution in silicon alloyed γ-Ti–Al alloys after thermomechanical processing

Abstract

The microstructures of silicon alloyed γ-Ti–Al alloys containing silicide particles have been studied after thermomechanical treatments to investigate microstructural evolution. Important parameters including temperature, forging strain, and sequence of thermomechanical treatments were systematically studied. Isothermal forging below the eutectoid temperature resulted in inhomogeneous dynamic recrystallisation with fine equiaxed grains in recrystallised areas and residual α₂ + γ lamellae elsewhere. Eutectic silicides play an important role in destruction of the as cast structure by promoting dynamic recrystallisation during deformation and static recrystallisation on subsequent annealing. There is evidence that silicon, in solution, also enhances recrystallisation. The presence of fine silicides produced by precipitation in the solid state restricts the size of grains produced by both dynamic and static recrystallisation. Silicon also alters significantly the phase equilibrium between the α and γ phases.     

Liquid-Liquid Extractions of Microamounts of 137Cs and 85Sr with Chlorinated Dicarbollide and Crown Ethers into Mixed Dodecanenitrile/n-dodecane Nonpolar Diluent

New methods of extraction of ¹³⁷Cs and ⁸⁵Sr into solvent mixture of dodecanenitrile with n-dodecane in the presence of various crown ethers and chlorinated dicarbollide are described. This is the first time when extraction with chlorinated dicarbollide anion was accomplished into a judiciously chosen nonpolar solvent. The theoretical reasoning leading to the choice of such nonpolar solvent is outlined. New crown ethers with laterally branched alkyl chain were synthesized and tested. These, when the same crown moiety is compared, are more effective for Sr²⁺ extraction than the commonly used DC18C6 (18C6 ring moiety), but less effective for Cs⁺ extraction compared with DB21C7 (21C7 moiety). The systems may be used both in analytical applications and, hopefully, after further development, as well in a nuclear reprocessing industry.     

A-site Ca/Sr co-doping to optimize room-temperature TCR of La0.7Ca0.3-xSrxMnO3 films

Based on the analysis of crystal structure, Mn³⁺/Mn⁴⁺ pairs, distortion of MnO₆ octahedron, and electrical transport properties of La_1-xCa_xMnO₃ and La_1-xSr_xMnO₃ materials, room-temperature coefficient of resistivity (TCR) of La_0.7Ca_0.3-xSr_xMnO₃ (LCSMO) films was optimized by Ca/Sr co-doping at the A-site. LCSMO films are successfully fabricated on LaAlO₃ (100) substrates via facile spin coating technology. The microstructure of LCSMO films is characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. Results reveal that A-site Ca/Sr co-doping significantly influenced crystal structure, formation of Mn³⁺/Mn⁴⁺ pairs, and distortion of MnO₆ octahedron. The correlation between microstructure and electrical transport properties was explained through the phenomenological percolation model, double-exchange mechanism and Jahn-Teller effect. Furthermore, the TCR reached 10.2% K^-1 at 296.1 K in La_0.7Ca_0.18Sr_0.12MnO₃ films.     

STRESS CONTROLLED FERROELECTRIC (BA0.5Sr0.5)TiO3 THIN FILMS PREPARED ON GD2O3/SRTiO3(001) BY A PULSED LASER DEPOSITION

ABSTRACT

Stress controlled epitaxial ferroelectric Ba_0.5Sr_0.5TiO₃ (BST) films have been deposited on Gd₂O₃/SrTiO₃ by pulsed laser deposition with oxygen background pressure of 200 mTorr at the deposition temperature of 750°C. In order to control the stress in BST films, oxygen pressures for Gd₂O₃ buffer layers have been varied from 0.1 to 100 mTorr, while that of BST films have been fixed at 200 mTorr. It has been found that the lattice parameters of the BST films deposited on Gd₂O₃ were changed. Furthermore, microwave properties of co-planar waveguide (CPW) fabricated on BST films were investigated by a HP 8510C vector network analyzer from 1–20 GHz. Large dielectric tunabilities were observed from the CPW's fabricated on BST films deposited on Gd₂O₃ layers deposited at low and high oxygen pressures, 0.1 and 100 mTorr, respectively.