三塘湖盆地中新生代沉降史分析

三塘湖盆地中、新生代沉降与沉积作用是在一种准平原化的地貌背景上发生、发展的，共经历了两个沉降期：侏罗纪—早白垩世，第三纪—第四纪和一个隆升期晚白垩世。相应形成了两种类型的盆地：中生代为简单的坳陷盆地；新生代为与“Ａ”型俯冲作用相关的前陆盆地。与此同时，盆地沉降中心亦经历了自北向南的迁移过程。三塘湖盆地这种隆坳格局的变化明显受区域构造作用控制。     

Quantifying relationships between subsidence and longwall face advance using DInSAR

Surface subsidence that results from longwall mining can be large magnitude and can affect significant areas. Conventional methods for subsidence monitoring include leveling, global positioning system(GPS), and photogrammetric surveys. Remote sensing techniques including, aerial LiDAR, terrestrial laser scanning, and satellite-based Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar(DInSAR), are also used to measure deformation associated with subsidence. DInSAR data are different than data from conventional subsidence surveys. Images capture data over large areas(hundreds of kilometers), and each pixel(data point) in an image quantifies the average displacement over an area of square meters.DInSAR data can have fairly high time resolution; imaging periods typically range from weeks to months.DInSAR data can be useful to monitor subsidence sequentially over short periods. Regularly monitoring subsidence may help define if caving is progressing normally and can establish relationships between surface deformation and longwall face advance, which has potential to help quantify possible risks to mine stability. In this study, subsidence at a longwall trona mine is monitored over short periods, typically 12 days, as the longwall face is advanced through a panel. C-band interferometric wide swath synthetic aperture radar(SAR) images from the sentinel satellites are used to quantify the subsidence. The onset of subsidence occurs close in time to the beginning of the longwall face advance, and overall,the development of subsidence closely follows the longwall face advance.     

Monitoring on subsidence due to repeated excavation with DInSAR technology

DInSAR technology was used to monitor subsidence caused by underground coal mining activities in mountainous area, with multi source SAR data, including 8 EnviSAT C-band and 4 ALOS L-band, and 4 programmed TerraSAR-X dataset. The results revealed that 2-pass DInSAR technique sometimes failed to retrieve the mining-caused subsidence due to spatial and/or temporal de-correlation. We also noticed that there existed residual topographic phase after the compensation with SRTM DEM, which could almost overwhelm the subsidence information when the perpendicular baseline was relatively large. Based on the mining materials, analysis was made on the shape of subsidence area. For the well geo-coded results from TerraSAR-X, confirmed by GPS surveying results of corner reflectors, we tried to extract the advance distance of influence besides the subsidence area. Due to the big deformation gradient over stopingfaces, the X-band SAR data could not capture the maximum value subsidence revealed by GPS survey in our preliminary results, the same as C-band EnviSAT data. This will turn to be our research subject in the next few months.     

超细HMX悬浮液沉降性研究

根据超细炸药ＨＭＸ悬浮浮液的性质,以及凝聚和絮凝作用机理,研究了凝聚剂,絮剂单组复合使用时对悬浮液沉降性的影响,并对不同的方案进行了比较。     

覆岩离层产生机理及离层充填控制地表沉陷技术的工程实施

简要介绍了覆岩离层充填方法的技术原理 ,探讨了覆岩离层产生机理、离层分布规律及其影响因素 ,分析了离层充填控制地表沉陷技术的工程实施要点 ,所得结论对该技术的设计、施工与应用具有参考和指导意义     

采用自控吸液法提高颗粒分析的测试质量

对土中大于０．０７４ｍｍ的颗粒分析采用筛析法,而对于粒径小于０．０７４ｍｍ的土,一般采用密度计法或移液管法．使用自控吸液仪可提高颗粒分析的测试质量和测试效率．     

物化-两段生物接触氧化串联工艺处理涂料废水

采用物化-两段生物接触氧化法处理涂料废水,结果表明:当设计水质CODcr≤4000mg／L,BOD5≤1500my/L,SS≤1800mg/L时,出水水质CODcr<90mg／L,BOD5<20mg／L,SS<60mg/L,达到《水污染排放限值》(DB44/26-2001)一级排放标准要求;处理出水再经活性炭及工业循环冷却水处理器处理,可达到工业循环冷却水设计规范(GB／T50102-2003)要求。     

Longwall surface subsidence control by technology of isolated overburden grout injection

Surface subsidence is a typical ground movement due to longwall mining, which causes a series of environmental problems and hazards. In China, intensive coal extractions are commonly operated under dense-populated coalfields, which exacerbates the negative subsequences resulted from surface settlement. Therefore, effective approaches to control the ground subsidence are in urgent need for the Chinese coal mining industry. This paper presents a newly developed subsidence control technology: isolated overburden grout injection, including the theory, technique and applications. Relevant procedures such as injection system design, grouting material selection, borehole layout, grout take estimation and injection process design are proposed. The applicability of this technology has been demonstrated through physical modelling, field measurements, and case studies. Since 2009, the technology has been successfully applied to 14 longwall areas in 9 Chinese coal mines. The ultimate surface subsidence factors vary from 0.10 to 0.15. This method has a great potential to be popularized and performed where longwall mining are implemented under villages and ground infrastructures.     

Development of a new algorithm for implementing the edge effect offset for subsidence calculations

The surface deformation prediction system(SDPS) program has been developed as an engineering tool for the calculation of subsidence deformation indices through the implementation of various prediction methods.From basic user-defined input parameters, SDPS can determine subsidence indices, such as mining induced displacements, strains, tilt, etc., at any elevation between the seam and the horizontal or varying surface topography.A fundamental parameter in obtaining reliable ground deformation results is the determination of the edge effect offset.The value assigned to the edge effect offset corresponds to a virtual offsetting of boundary lines delineating the extracted panel to allow for roof cantilevering over the mined-out area.The objective of this paper is to describe the methods implemented in updating the edge effect offset algorithm within SDPS.Using proven geometric equations, the newly developed algorithm provides a more robust calculation of the offset boundary of the extracted panel for simplistic as well as more complex mining geometries.Given that an extracted panel is represented by a closed polyline, the new edge offset algorithm calculates a polyline offset into the extracted panel with respect to the user defined edge effect offset distance.Surface deformations are then calculated using this adjusted panel geometry.The Matlab program was utilized for development and testing of the new edge effect offset algorithm.After completing rigorous testing regimes, the new offset algorithm will be integrated into SDPS further increasing the speed and reliability of the program resulting in a retrospective increase in capability and flexibility.     

前陆盆地的沉降和抬升机制研究进展

简要介绍了前陆盆地的概念,结构要素和构造特征,详细论述了前陆盆地抬升和沉降机制的研究进展,讨论了沉降和抬升诸因素之间的关系,提出了在研究前陆盆地沉降和抬升机制方面应注意的问题。