习家口复杂断块油藏高含水期剩余油挖潜技术

江汉油区习家口油田位于潜江凹陷西斜坡,蚌湖生油深洼陷以西,包括习一、习二两个区块。该区为一复杂断块油藏,投入开发已30多年,进入高含水开发后期,至"九五"末油田综合含水高达98%,已近废弃;但"十五"期间应用油藏精细描述技术特别是小层精细划分与对比和构造精细描述技术,研究剩余油分布规律,再结合大位移多靶点定向钻井技术挖掘断层附近及井间剩余油潜力,提高最终采收率,取得了很好的效果。     

安塞油田坪北区补充井网高效开发潜力的认识

根据当前安塞油田坪北区注水开发的经验及存在的问题,通过数值模拟对进一步加密调整的可行性进行了分析论证后,认为,目前的注采井距过大,油田有进一步加密调整的可能。     

Porothermoelastic Analysis of the Response of a Stationary Crack Using the Displacement Discontinuity Method

Thermally induced volumetric changes in rock result in pore pressure variations, and lead to a coupling between the thermal and poromechanical processes. This paper examines the response of a fracture in porothermoelastic rock when subjected to stress, pore pressure, and temperature perturbations. The contribution of each mechanism to the temporal variation of fracture opening is studied to elucidate its effect. This is achieved by development and use of a transient displacement discontinuity (DD) boundary element method for porothermoelasticity. While the full range of the crack opening due to the applied loads is investigated with the porothermoelastic DD, the asymptotic crack opening is ascertained analytically. Good agreement is observed between the numerical and analytical calculations. The results of the study show that, as expected, an applied stress causes the fracture to open while a pore pressure loading reduces the fracture width (aperture). In contrast to the pore pressure effect, cooling of the crack surfaces increases the fracture aperture. It is found that the impact of cooling can be more significant when compared to that of hydraulic loading (i.e., an applied stress and pore pressure) and can cause significant permeability enhancement, particularly for injection/extraction operations that are carried out over a long period of time in geothermal reservoirs.     

油气层中常见微粒的运移程度及其与ζ电位关系的研究

微粒运移是造成油气层损害最严重和最普遍的因素之一。要防止油气层中的微粒运移，就必须先弄清楚油气层中常见微粒的运移情况和影响微粒运移的主要因素。因此，通过对国内外大量微粒分析资料的统计分析，选定了油气层中常见的地层微粒作为研究对象，用新建立的、较完善的实验方法研究了这些微粒的运移程度，对这些微粒的ζ电位进行测定，发现其运移程度与其ζ电位的大小有关。一般地说，微粒ζ电位值越大，其运移程度也越大。     

SLP油层解堵剂的研究与应用

SLP油层解堵剂包括SLP-1和SLP-2两种药剂。本文对SLP-1和SLP-2的性能进行了评定,提出了SLP油层解堵剂的施工配方与施工工序,介绍了SLP的解堵机理与现场应用情况。SLP油层解堵剂可解除油层中BaSO_4、SrSO_4等酸难溶盐及高分子量有机物质的堵塞。     

Particle Characterization and Settling Velocities for a Water Supply Reservoir during a Turbidity Event

Characterization of the particle population for a location in a water supply reservoir, Kensico Reservoir, N.Y., is documented for a high turbidity event, from its onset, through alum treatment and its waning. Supporting in situ measurements included the beam attenuation coefficient at 670?nm (c670) and 660?nm (c660) [surrogates of turbidity (Tn)], particle concentrations (N) and size distributions (PSDs), and size class specific settling velocities (SVs). Laboratory measurements included chemical and morphometric analyses of individual particles, and routine measurements of Tn. The turbidity is shown to be primarily derived from clay minerals, mostly in the size range of 1.5–6?μm. An initial high c670 level (40?m?1;Tn ～ 100?NTU) decreased sevenfold in less than 1?week in response to alum treatment that largely eliminated the particle size classes responsible for the elevated turbidity. Successful SV experiments, made using a laser in situ scattering and transmissometry (LISST) instrument, for seven particle size classes in the range of 1.25–129?μm yielded SV values of 0.17–69.4?m?day?1. Size classes larger than ～ 5?μm settled much slower than Stokes law predictions, before alum treatment, indicating that these classes existed as porous flocs or aggregates. Decreases in SVs following treatment suggest changes in floc character consistent with increased porosity. In situ measurements of c670, N, PSDs, and SVs can contribute to the development and testing of a multiple particle size class model to simulate fate, transport, and impacts of suspended particles.     

Sediment Oxygen Demand and Nutrient Fluxes for a Tropical Reservoir in Singapore

Sediment oxygen demand (SOD) and nutrient flux studies were conducted for a tropical reservoir in Singapore in order to determine the approximate SOD and nutrient release rates from the sediments. SOD values obtained from laboratory experiments ranged from 1.4 to 3.3?g?O2/m2-day. Similar results were also obtained by calculating SOD values from in situ DO measurements taken in the field. The nutrient flux study was performed in the laboratory at a constant temperature of 25°C in oxic and anoxic columns. Except for nitrate+nitrite, higher nutrient release rates were generally observed under anoxic conditions. The ammonium release rate was 0.06?g?O2/m2-day under oxic conditions and 0.117?g?O2/m2-day under anoxic conditions. The nitrate flux rate was 0.17?g?O2/m2-day under oxic conditions but was negligible under anoxic conditions. Orthophosphate flux results were negative throughout the oxic incubation implying that sediments acted as a sink. The release rate of orthophosphate was 0.007?6?g?O2/m2-day under anoxic conditions.     

模拟二元复合驱采出液破乳研究

用模拟碱／聚合物二元复合驱采出液，以脱出水色为主要评价项目，对新开发的若干系列的破乳剂＋净水剂复配物的破乳性能进行了室内评价。聚丙烯酰胺含量最高达１１６０ｍｇ／ｌ、碳酸钠含量最高达８０００ｍｇ／ｌ的模拟采出液破乳实验结果表明，聚合物含量是影响破乳效果的主要因素。破乳性能最好的破乳剂是ＡＥＤ７８和ＡＥＤ２３（甲苯二异氰酸酯扩链的双嵌段聚醚），净水剂是ＱＢＳ０５（阳离子苄基淀粉）和ＱＳ０６（阳离子淀粉）。     

隐蔽油气藏形成的主控因素分析——以吐哈盆地葡北—葡萄沟地区为例

葡北东斜坡、葡萄沟地区长期位于油气运移的指向区,储层发育、油源条件好,展示了位于葡北-葡萄沟地区的隐蔽油气藏具有较大的勘探潜力。该区低幅度构造圈闭和隐蔽油气藏形成应该具备以下地质条件：①储层物性控制圈闭的有效性,储层物性是油气注入的先决条件;②近源的砂体圈闭有利于油气藏的形成;③与构造或断层配置关系良好的圈闭形成复合型油气藏;④薄砂层发育的相带有利于油气藏的分布。     

油气勘探的地球化学标志

本文以文献资料为基础,总结了油气勘探的地球化学标志。依据各指标的地球化学性质与油气的关系,以及在含油气远景评价中所起的作用,将其分成两大类指标,并对各种指标的分析方法、异常、优缺点进行了对比。