盐间非砂岩钻井井漏与溢流处理

王北区块盐间非砂岩油藏以泥质白云岩和钙芒硝白云岩为主,属于孔隙型或裂缝一孔隙型异常高压油藏,在钻井施工过程中容易发生井漏和溢流。采用近平衡及欠平衡压力钻井技术,配合随钻堵漏和复合堵漏,能使井漏与溢流得到有效的控制。     

补偿中华鲟产卵场水动力环境的梯级水库联合生态调度研究

三峡—葛洲坝梯级水利枢纽工程的建设和运行阻隔了长江部分洄游鱼类的洄游通道,梯级水库的联合调度运行改变了坝下河道天然径流过程,对被迫在坝下形成新产卵场的珍稀水生物中华鲟的产卵繁殖产生一定影响。为有效保护中华鲟资源,在明确梯级水库调度运行与中华鲟产卵场产卵适合度相关性分析的基础上,提出优化三峡下泄流量和葛洲坝运行方式相结合的三峡—葛洲坝梯级水库生态调度方式,以补偿中华鲟产卵栖息所需的河流生境。通过以三峡水库的实际来流过程输入水库生态调度模型,得出中华鲟产卵期(每年10—12月)补偿其产卵栖息水环境的梯级水库联合生态调度方式。根据梯级水库生态调度与现有调度结果进行分析比较结果表明:梯级水库联合生态调度可在满足三峡水库常规调度目标的基础上同时满足中华鲟产卵所需的生态流量,配合葛洲坝电厂优化调度运行方式,可有效增加坝下中华鲟产卵场水动力环境产卵适合度,补偿梯级水库运行对中华鲟产卵生境造成的不利影响。     

面120区薄互层砂岩储层有效厚度解释研究

面120区沙四段1砂组属于淡咸水环境下的滨浅湖沉积,层内灰质夹层较多且分布广泛,这给油藏开发带来较大影响。观察和精细描述现有岩芯,结合实验室分析数据和动静态资料,对储层进行精细描述后,重新制定出了适合本区的油、干层判别标准,并运用新标准对沙四段1砂组油层进行重新解释,指出了储层分布有利区域。     

王场油田78-2井区改善注水效果及对策探讨

影响王78-2井区注水开发效果的主要原因一是天然能量不足、注水滞后,加之初期注水强度过大,造成了直接影响;二是注采井网不完善或注采井网与地质特征不匹配。采用周期注水或脉冲注水是低渗透裂缝性油藏水开发中重要的调整方式。保持合理的注采比能改善低渗透裂缝性油藏的开发效果。     

A Part Practical and Part Conceptual Response to Orchestration

This response details how the notion of orchestration aligns with the perspective of user-centred design. It emphasises the importance of understanding and designing for the classroom, as well as involving key stakeholders, such as teachers and students in the design process. A focus is placed on the orchestration feature of visibility and a short case study is presented which describes and reflects on a technology, the Subtle Stone, which aimed to make emotion more visible in the classroom.     

Data Consolidation from Hydroelectric Plants

This paper presents a sequence of procedures for data analysis and correction from hydroelectric plants. The procedures are based on variable data recorded by the plant. Therefore, they do not require additional financial investment in instrumentation for measurements. The proposed methodology makes use of a data manager, a queries builder, a generator of the overall efficiency function and an electronic spreadsheet. It has been applied to the data from a large Brazilian hydroelectric plant whose operation is under the coordination of the Electric System National Operator (ONS). The benefits of the data correction are analyzed using a simulator of the hydroelectric plants operation. This simulator is used to reproduce the past operation of the plant, once with official data and the next with adjusted data. The results show significant improvements in terms of quality of the data, contributing to the efficiency and reliability of the computational models in use by the energy sector in the operation planning.     

聚合分解随机动态规划模型在梯级水库群发电调度中的应用研究

本文首先采用聚合分解思想将梯级水库群来水量和库容聚合等效为单库，从而简化水库群径流过程的描述和降低高维计算空间，使随机动态规划模型（SDP）在梯级水库群的应用中可以考虑更多的信息来提高模型效率；然后在径流预报中考虑美国全球预报系统（GFS）发布的未来10天降雨预报信息，来提高中期径流预报精度；最后在考虑径流预报不确定性的基础上建立了聚合分解贝叶斯随机动态规划模型（AD-BSDP）。同时与传统调度图、聚合来水量的随机动态规划模型（AF-SDP）和聚合来水量、库容的聚合分解随机动态规划模型（AD-SDP）进行了对比分析来验证模型的有效性，分析结果表明考虑预报信息不确定性的AD-BSDP模型比其他模型具有更高的效率和稳定性。     

Reservoir Bank Deformation Modeling: Application to Grangent Reservoir

Within inshore or fluvial environments, submerged fine matter mud banks are characterized by a high water content, a great spatial variability, and a strong deformability. The study of their instabilities induced by the variation of hydraulic stress requires a coupled modeling of sliding, erosion, and deposition mechanisms. In order to predict the impact of dam reservoir emptying on the stability of immersed upstream slopes, the method of approach to the problem proposed here combines theoretical developments, numerical modeling, site observations, and measurements. First, the theoretically achieved sliding criterion is compared with unstable mud height measurements. For more accuracy in the representation of the natural events, the sliding criterion is then integrated within a numerical code which couples the computation of hydrodynamic conditions, the erosion, and deposition of mud and the banks sliding. Finally, the results of the combination of all these mechanisms are compared with the variations in the bathymetric profiles obtained on the experimental site.     

渤海湾盆地东营凹陷胜坨地区油气运聚与成藏研究

通过对渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷东营凹陷胜坨地区勘探成果和地质资料进行系统综合分析，并应用油气地质新理论和新方法，研究了该区构造演化史、沉积史与油气运移的有机联系，发现主干边界断层及其上盘主要同向调节断层的相对陡倾斜部位，往往是构造岩性圈闭相对发育的部位，而相对缓倾斜部位多是构造圈闭相对发育的部位；砂体展布及物性特征对油气运移与储集有着重要控制作用,沙二段和沙三段的砂体厚度大、分布范围广，并且直接与烃源岩相接触，是良好的油气运移通道或聚集场所，而沙四段厚砂体基本上都分布在凹陷的边缘，但是也与烃源岩相接触，也是油气运移的通道和场所；研究区水下扇及浊积扇砂体本身就处在生油岩的包围之中，因上下被生油岩夹持，油气可以直接进入砂岩体成藏；生油洼陷深部的超压环境为油气运移提供了充足的动力，油气生成后在油源断层、优质砂体以及不整合面组成的输导系统内分别向浅部和侧向运移形成各类油气藏，运移过程中又受次级断层和层内砂岩非均质性的影响，使其运移路径复杂化。     

Ice Stresses in Reservoirs: Effect of Water Level Fluctuations

Ice stress, temperature, and forebay elevation data were collected over two winter seasons from the La Gabelle reservoir, located in south-central Quebec, Canada. These data suggest that large compressive stresses can develop within confined ice sheets by the repetitive opening and freezing of shore parallel fissures. These fissures typically develop in reservoirs whose forebay elevation varies cyclically about a mean value. Stresses associated with rising water levels were on the order of 50?kPa/mm rise.