碳钢在含硫介质中的极化行为

采用原油罐罐底水为介质,测定了不同含硫量、PH值以及不同温度下碳钢的极化曲线,分析了各因素对碳钢极化行为的影响。研究结果表明:碳钢在硫含量大于0.2g·L～（-1）、PH值大于9以及一定电位下处于钝化状态,腐蚀电流小;较高温下将大大加速碳钢的腐蚀。     

Sulfur Nanoparticles Synthesis and Characterization from H2S Gas, Using Novel Biodegradable Iron Chelates in W/O Microemulsion

Sulfur nanoparticles were synthesized from hazardous H₂S gas using novel biodegradable iron chelates in w/o microemulsion system. Fe³⁺–malic acid chelate (0.05 M aqueous solution) was studied in w/o microemulsion containing cyclohexane, Triton X-100 and n-hexanol as oil phase, surfactant, co-surfactant, respectively, for catalytic oxidation of H₂S gas at ambient conditions of temperature, pressure, and neutral pH. The structural features of sulfur nanoparticles have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), diffused reflectance infra-red Fourier transform technique, and BET surface area measurements. XRD analysis indicates the presence of α-sulfur. TEM analysis shows that the morphology of sulfur nanoparticles synthesized in w/o microemulsion system is nearly uniform in size (average particle size 10 nm) and narrow particle size distribution (in range of 5–15 nm) as compared to that in aqueous surfactant systems. The EDS analysis indicated high purity of sulfur (>99%). Moreover, sulfur nanoparticles synthesized in w/o microemulsion system exhibit higher antimicrobial activity (against bacteria, yeast, and fungi) than that of colloidal sulfur.     

Electrochemical gold deposition from sulfite solution: application for subsequent polyaniline layer formation

Electrochemical gold deposition from sulfite solutions was studied by means of voltammetry, EIS and EQCM. A gold film electrode was used for polyaniline layer formation by electrochemical oxidation of aniline. The standard electrochemical reduction potential of the reaction [Au(SO₃)₂]³⁻ + e⁻ = Au + 2 SO₃²⁻ was determined, and is equal to 0.116 V (vs. NHE). Both solution stirring and temperature increase accelerate the electrochemical reduction of gold, when the electrode potential is below −0.55 V. When the potential is above −0.55 V the electrochemical reduction proceeds via passive layer formation. Our study suggests that the passive layer consists of chemically adsorbed sulfite ions and sulfur. The gold film deposited from sulfite solution is a high quality substrate suitable for conducting polymer layer formation. This technique, where a polymer layer electrode is prepared by thin gold film deposition onto a metal surface and by subsequent polymer layer formation, can be applied in sensor research and technology.     

不溶性硫磺产品的市场预测和财务分析

介绍不溶性硫磺的生产工艺技术,并对该产品的市场前景和财务可行性进行了分析.认为该项目技术先进,经济效益好,抗风险能力强,财务上可行.     

对苯二甲酸加氢精制钯炭催化剂硫中毒原因初探

通过在实验室中进行对苯二甲酸加氢精制钯炭催化剂的硫中毒试验,初步探讨了钯炭催化剂在对苯二甲酸加氢精制反应过程中发生硫中毒的可能原因和机理。     

Pyrolysis of vulcanized styrene-butadiene rubber via ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulation

Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) is widely used in tires in the automotive segment and vulcanization using sulfur is a common process to enhance its mechanical properties. However, the addition of sulfur as the cross-linking agent usually results in impurities in pyrolysis products during rubber recycling, and thus the desulfurization during tire pyrolysis attracts much attention. In this work, the pyrolysis of vulcanized SBR is studied in detail with the help of ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulation. A series of crosslinked SBR models were built with different sulfur contents and densities. The following ReaxFF MD simulations were performed to show products distributions at different pyrolysis conditions. The simulation results show that sulfur products distribution is mainly controlled by sulfur contents and temperatures. The reaction mechanism is proposed based on the analysis of sulfur products conversion pathway, where most sulfur atoms are bonded with hydrocarbon radicals and the rest transfer to H₂S. High sulfur contents tend to the formation of elemental sulfur intermediate, and temperature increase facilitates the release of H₂S.     

Removal of sulfur compounds from utility pipelined synthetic natural gas using modified activated carbons

Synthetic natural gas (SNG), which is produced from petroleum and distributed via pipeline in Honolulu by The Gas Company, was analyzed using a gas chromatograph equipped with a sulfur chemiluminescence detector (GC/SCD). Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), methyl mercaptan (MM), ethyl mercaptan (EM), dimethylsulfide (DMS), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), tetrahydrothiophene (THT), ethyl disulfide (EDS), and one unidentified compound (UN1) were detected. Among these sulfur compounds, THT is added as an odorant and was present in the highest concentration.A commercial activated carbon (Calgon OLC plus 12X30) was modified by oxidation and impregnation methods and the resulting materials were evaluated for their ability to adsorb sulfur compounds present in SNG. The evaluation results indicate that all of the modification methods can improve the retention of individual sulfur compounds or the total sulfur capacity compared with the untreated virgin carbon. It is also found that activated carbons impregnated with metal impurities have different selectivity for sulfur compounds. Cu and Zn loaded carbons had the highest capacity for H₂S removal, Fe loaded carbon was more efficient for DMS removal (the most difficult S compound to remove), and carbon oxidized by HNO₃ was the best for THT removal.Based on these findings, a composite sorbent consisting of Cu loaded and Fe loaded carbons was designed and tested. The test results indicate that the composite sorbent had improved performance in the removal of individual sulfur compound. A linear programming model was used to design a composite sorbent optimized to minimize the required sorbent mass based on a 1-kW scale fuel cell system service target. Validation tests showed that the optimized sorbent required less of the individual modified carbon components than when they were individually used for the same sulfur removal target.     

四川省土壤有效硫状况及硫肥效应研究

通过对四川省 6类 32 9个土壤样品的有效硫的分析 ,结果表明缺硫及潜在性缺硫土样占总样本的 2 3 1 % .但结合田间试验 ,在四川盆地特定环境条件下 ,即使土壤耕层有效硫处于缺乏范围 ,增施硫肥对玉米、小麦、油菜产量无明显增加 ,并就产生的原因作了初步分析 .通过对土壤硫素平衡的测算 ,预测在近期内 ,四川盆地主要农耕地不会发生大面积缺硫问题     

轻质石油产品硫含量测试方法研究与评价

随着汽车尾气排放标准越来越严格,要求汽车燃料汽、柴油中的硫含量越来越低。作为硫含量测定的仲裁试验方法,石油产品硫含量测定法-燃灯法由于检出限达不到要求,将不再适用。通过对微库仑法和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)法测试硫含量进行研究,得出结论:微库仑法和ICP-AES法均适用于测试轻质石油产品中的微量硫含量,两种方法测试结果一致性很好;ICP-AES法测试精密度相对较高,检出限低。     

腐蚀性硫导致变压器故障的综合分析及处理

分析了油中有腐蚀性硫造成变压器故障的原因,并提出了改进措施.