AAL层抗信元丢失技术

ＡＴＭ网络中传输视频信号存在的信元丢失会严重影响接收图象的质量，可以从视频编解码端与ＡＴＭ适配层采取抗信元丢失技术以减少该影响。不同ＡＡＬ有不同的抗信元丢失原理。本文分别对用ＡＡＬ１，ＡＡＬ２，ＡＡＬ５适配ＭＰＥＧ－２视频信号时在ＡＡＬ层采取的抗信元丢失技术进行了分析。     

V2X技术发展历程及应用研究

V2X车联网技术作为物联网的具体应用,同时在智能交通系统中发挥着巨大的作用.随着科技的不断发展,V2X技术在中国也得到了飞快的提升.本文通过对V2X技术的分析与讨论,对现有的V2X技术进行了一个总结.首先通过分析V2X概念及车联网的Ad hoc网络结构与分层网架构,进一步介绍了V2X车联网技术在国内外的发展情况,并阐述了V2X在实际交通中的几个重要应用,最后通过分析车联网在技术上的关键问题,希望能为车联网的进一步研究提供方向.     

Achieving California's 80% greenhouse gas reduction target in 2050: Technology,policy and scenario analysis using CA-TIMES energy economic systems model

The CA-TIMES optimization model of the California Energy System (v1.5) is used to understand how California can meet the 2050 targets for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (80% below 1990 levels). This model represents energy supply and demand sectors in California and simulates the technology and resource requirements needed to meet projected energy service demands. The model includes assumptions on policy constraints, as well as technology and resource costs and availability. Multiple scenarios are developed to analyze the changes and investments in low-carbon electricity generation, alternative fuels and advanced vehicles in transportation, resource utilization, and efficiency improvements across many sectors. Results show that major energy transformations are needed but that achieving the 80% reduction goal for California is possible at reasonable average carbon reduction cost ($9 to $124/tonne CO₂e at 4% discount rate) relative to a baseline scenario. Availability of low-carbon resources such as nuclear power, carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), biofuels, wind and solar generation, and demand reduction all serve to lower the mitigation costs, but CCS is a key technology for achieving the lowest mitigation costs.     

Barriers to energy efficiency in shipping: A triangulated approach to investigate the principal agent problem

Energy efficiency is a key policy strategy to meet some of the challenges being faced today and to plan for a sustainable future. Numerous empirical studies in various sectors suggest that there are cost-effective measures that are available but not always implemented due to existence of barriers to energy efficiency. Several cost-effective energy efficient options (technologies for new and existing ships and operations) have also been identified for improving energy efficiency of ships. This paper is one of the first to empirically investigate barriers to energy efficiency in the shipping industry using a novel framework and multidisciplinary methods to gauge implementation of cost-effective measures, perception on barriers and observations of barriers. It draws on findings of a survey conducted of shipping companies, content analysis of shipping contracts and analysis of energy efficiency data. Initial results from these methods suggest the existence of the principal agent problem and other market failures and barriers that have also been suggested in other sectors and industries. Given this finding, policies to improve implementation of energy efficiency in shipping need to be carefully considered to improve their efficacy and avoid unintended consequences.     

Exergy analysis of energy utilization in the transportation sector in China

As an emerging approach for unified resource accounting and energy-utilization assessment for the transportation sector, the exergy method to embody the second law of thermodynamics is investigated and applied to the energy-utilization assessment of the Chinese transport sector from 1978 to 2002. The exergy consumed by the sector in 2000 was 3.3 times that in 1978. The exergy of the oil consumed by transportation accounted for 30.5% of the total oil consumption in the whole country up to 2000, almost equal to the exergy of the net oil import. In terms of the exergy consumption intensity, taken as the exergy consumption per Converted Turnover, proposed to assess the overall effectiveness of the system, and conventional exergy efficiency to reflect the technical performance of involved transport vehicles, both the energy-utilization effectiveness and efficiency of the sector have been declining generally. Waterways transport was proved the most effective one, and railways, highways and civil aviation were the second, third and fourth, respectively. The historical evolution and structural variation of energy use in terms of the total exergy consumption, exergy efficiency and exergy consumption intensity are revealed and explored against drastic background transitions in related policies and socioeconomics.     

Characterisation and modelling of a 5 kW PEMFC for transportation applications

In the framework of the French inter lab SPACT project (fuel cell systems for transportation applications), a 10 kW PEM fuel cell testing bench has been installed in 2002 in the national fuel cell test platform located in Belfort, France. The behaviour of a 5 kW fuel cell, fed with humidified pure hydrogen gas and compressed air, has been investigated by the Laboratory of Electrical Engineering and Systems (L2ES) in association with the French National Institute for Transport and Safety Research (INRETS).     

美国航天运输体系的建立及其运载技术的最新进展

简要介绍了美国航天运输体系的组成及美国航宇局（NASA）进行的航天运输体系研究（STAS），描述了美国新型运载火箭以及重复使用运载器（RLV）的最新进展。     

枢纽地区生产性服务业集聚群发展战略研究——以上海虹桥综合交通枢纽为例

从上海虹桥综合交通枢纽地区的产业基地和传统工业区转型发展着手,进行枢纽地区生产性服务业集聚群的发展研究.首先,论证虹桥枢纽地区的战略地位.其次,借鉴国际空港枢纽地区的发展经验,构建虹桥枢纽地区生产性服务业集聚群生态化群落式的布局模型,通过在功能结构划分和产业规划两个方面的研究,提出实施集聚群战略发展的保障措施.最后,归纳对城市发展战略规划的意义.     

建成环境与交通需求管理的协同效应研究展望

作为促进绿色出行的重要举措,已 有诸多研究分析建成环境或交通需求管理 对出行行为的影响,但大多数忽视了两者之 间的协同作用。准确分析建成环境、交通需 求管理对出行行为的影响机制,以及其协同 效应,能够为促进我国大城市绿色出行、贯 彻绿色发展理念提供理论支撑和精准施策 依据。本文基于当前研究现状,对建成环境 与出行行为、交通需求管理与出行行为的影 响,以及建成环境和交通需求管理的协同作 用研究进行了总结,并结合我国大城市建成 环境和居民出行特征对学术研究热点问题 进行展望。     

Expression of the transportation of corrosive media into epoxy coating using nano-indentation

Nano-hardness (H_nano) and nano-elastic modulus (E_nano) of corroded coating surface layer were investigated using nano-indentation after epoxy coated specimens were immersed in 5% NaCl solution. The penetration depths (d) of corrosive media into epoxy coating were calculated fitting the curves of (H/E)_nano vs. indentation depth (h). EIS spectra of epoxy coated specimens immersed in 5% NaCl solution for different time were measured. Finally the relationship of capacitance (C_f,T) of corroded epoxy coating with the penetration depth of corrosive media was studied. The experimental results showed that the transportation process of corrosive media into epoxy coating was studied through the profiles of (H/E)_nano with indentation depth. The penetration depth of corrosive media into the epoxy coating increases rapidly with immersed time firstly, and then increases slowly. The capacitance of corroded epoxy coating has a linear function relationship with the penetration depth of corrosive media into epoxy coating. Nano-indentation can be used to study the transportation process of corrosive media into organic coating.