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81.
Removal of viruses, parasitic protozoa and microbial indicators in conventional and membrane processes in a wastewater pilot plant 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The aim of this study was to investigate variations in the occurrence and removal of enterovirus and norovirus genomes, Giardia cysts, Cryptosporidium oocysts and the most commonly used faecal indicators in a Swedish wastewater pilot plant. Paired samples were taken from the inlet and outlet of each treatment line: tertiary filtration, membrane bioreactor (MBR) and upflow anaerobic sludge blankets (UASB). (Oo)cysts and indicators were enumerated using standard methods and viruses using RT-PCR. Giardia cysts and enteroviruses were constantly detected, mean numbers 10(3.11) cysts and 10(4.0) PCR units L(-1), respectively. Oocysts were found in 5/19 samples, mean number 5 L(-1). Noroviruses were found in 6/7 influent samples, with an average titre of 10(3.28)L(-1), during winter, but only in 2/15 in the rest of the year (mean 200 L(-1)). MBR treatment removed indicators more efficiently than did the other two lines, with 5log removal of E. coli. Human virus genome removal did not differ between the MBR and tertiary treatment line. Microorganism removal in UASB was significantly lower for all the organisms studied. E. coli, enterococci and Cl. perfringens removal was correlated (p<0.05) with enterovirus genome removal, with R-values around 0.4. However, values for removal of indicators were more strongly correlated to each other. Removal of viruses based on enumeration using RT-PCR probably underestimates infectious virion removal. 相似文献
82.
Rheological and fractal characteristics of granular sludge in an upflow anaerobic reactor 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The rheological and fractal characteristics of the granular sludge in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor were investigated in this study. The influences of sludge concentration and temperature on the rheological properties of the granular sludge were evaluated, and the Bingham model was adopted to describe its rheology. In addition, image analysis was used to determine the sludge fractal dimension. The results indicate that the UASB granular sludge showed a shear-thinning behavior. The relationships between the limiting viscosity and the sludge concentration, as well as the limiting viscosity and temperature could be respectively modeled using an exponential equation and Arrhenius equation well. The Bingham model was able to adequately describe the rheology of the granular sludge. The fractal dimension of the granular sludge, 2.79+/-0.03, was larger than that of some other aggregates, suggesting that the granular sludge were more compact and denser. Furthermore, the relationship between rheological and fractal properties of the granular sludge could be properly described with the model proposed by Shih et al. [1990. Scaling behavior of the elastic properties of colloidal. Phys. Rev. A 42, 4772-4779]. 相似文献
83.
本试验采用改良UASB反应器在常温条件下现场处理海藻酸钠废水,试验历时94 d,在絮状污泥为主条件下,容积负荷6.0 kgCOD/(m3.d)时,COD去除率达到85%,出水pH 6.8左右,VFA稳定在400 mg/L左右,设备运行稳定.试验结果表明,常温下利用改良UASB处理海带渣废水是可行的. 相似文献
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88.
UASB反应器处理石灰法草浆黑液过程中,出水基质浓度Ce,沼气产生速率Q9和进水基质浓度Ci的关系。运用Box-Jenkins方法和AIC准则,建立了Ci,Qg序列对Ci序列的传递函数及噪声模型,传递函数较好地拟合了UASB反应器过程,且比噪声部分显得重要,运用建立的模型,对Ce,Qg序列进行预测,其平均预测误差分别为4.67%和8.00%。 相似文献
89.
UASB+SBR工艺处理糖果废水 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对糖果废水的特点,采用UASB SBR工艺处理箭牌糖果(中国)有限公司番禺工厂的糖果废水,通过介绍处理工艺流程和工艺调试运行过程,提出了影响工艺调试的因素及相应的控制措施。工程实践证明,UASB SBR工艺是糖果废水有效的处理工艺,出水水质达到《水污染物排放限值》(DB44/26-2001)中第二时段的三级标准。 相似文献
90.
Separation of the propionate degradation to improve the efficiency of thermophilic anaerobic treatment of acidified wastewaters 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The degradation of propionate generally is limiting in the thermophilic methane digestion of acidified wastewaters. In this paper the propionate degradation in thermophilic systems is studied. A two-stage process is developed, in which the propionate degradation is spatially separated from other conversions in which hydrogen is involved. Significantly better results were obtained with the two-stage system as compared with a one-stage system with an equal total volume: loading rates of 20–50 kg COD m−3 day−1 showed a 10–13% better treatment efficiency in the two-stage system. It is concluded that the removal of the biogas evolved in the first degradation processes is the cause of the superior performance of the two-stage system. 相似文献