消防部队处置地震灾害事故的问题及对策

本文从地震及其危害入手,分析了消防部队作为主体力量处置地震灾害的依据与优势,以“5．12”汶川地震为例提出消防部队处置地震灾害存在的问题和相应对策,并指出开展针对性训练是提高消防部队处置地震灾害能力的有效途径。     

地震荷载下罗马式教堂的模型与分析：抗震能力评估

分析罗马式砌体教堂以评估其结构性能及地震脆性,从一个特殊案例出发,提供了纪念碑砌体建筑在地震作用下的模型和分析的结果。采用有限元方法对传统的砌体结构进行静态和动态非线性分析并应用于案例研究。采用拟静态方法（地震系数法）评估地震荷载（事实上很多砌体结构地震性能的分析是相同的）,与承载力的对比证实这类建筑大规模的损坏以及可能的坍塌正如经常被观察到的那样。     

A probabilistic approach for earthquake loss estimation

Emergency responses following an earthquake and recovery of damaged structures have major impact on the government budget, thus setting back economic development. In earthquake countries, taking effective measures to reduce earthquake loss becomes important issue. This paper presents a probabilistic model for earthquake loss estimation of a town under earthquake risk. The model enables the decision-makers to make more reliable decisions, before and after an earthquake that strikes the town, by considering probability distribution and variability instead of deterministic approach. Life cycle cost concept is taken into account in the formulation of earthquake loss. Therefore, the model simulates all the benefits and costs, which are prone to variation within Monte Carlo framework. Adapazari, which is extensively damaged city in 1999 earthquake of Turkey, is chosen for the application of Monte Carlo Simulation Model. The model can be used to assess the effects of recovery periods.     

震后设计:运动城市和建筑系列

通过回顾一个非同寻常的系列设计研究工作过程,试图说明应对自然灾害不是简单地重复既往手段,而是对重建的思考和对建筑与城市未来的关注.     

汶川地震灾区风景名胜区灾后恢复重建研究（三）——总体思路与认识

风景名胜区的灾后恢复重建工作不论是对于国家灾后恢复重建总体规划的实施,还是对于灾区的经济社会发展,或是对于风景名胜区本身,都是一项非常紧迫且意义重大的工作,因此,需要制定必要的灾后恢复重建计划,如编制各风景名胜区灾后重建规划、设立新景区景点、发展新的区域旅游线路、加强防灾管理、保障资金来源、制定恢复重建的工作时序等。同时,需配套必要的保障措施以确保灾后恢复重建计划能够完好落实。     

对汶川地震中几种震害的认识

2008年5月12号发生的汶川地震给震中及周边城镇带来严重的地震灾害,一些结构震害如鞭梢效应、楼梯破坏表现出较大的破坏性,应引起设计人员重视。砌体结构和预制结构虽然在本次地震中表现不佳,但仍然是今后建筑业大量使用的形式,应加强研究确保抗震构造的合理性。提供墙体晃动痕迹照片,感受建筑物在地震中水平摆动幅度。     

对四川绵阳震区房屋加固及质量监督工作的思考

及时开展震后房屋加固补强质量监督工作研究具有重要的现实意义,本文以"5.12"汶川特大地震房屋应急评估实践为基础,介绍绵阳震区房屋评估的组织工作、评价标准以及房屋受损状况,针对该地区特点提出做好房屋抗震加固工作的技术建议和加固过程中的质量监督建议。     

某工业学校建筑震害调查与分析

5·12汶川大地震造成四川江油工业学校建筑物破坏严重,该校建筑按7度抗震设防,遭受8度地震,震害结果表明按抗震规范设计的建筑能达到“大震不倒”的抗震设防目标,通过对该校建筑物震害调查与分析,了解不同结构形式建筑物的震害结果和抗震性能,对今后抗震设计工作可以起到借鉴作用。     

Influence of crustal layering and thickness on co-seismic effects of Wenchuan earthquake

Using the PSGRN/PSCMP software and the fault model offered by USGS and on the basis of finite rectangular dislocation theory and the local layered wave velocity structures of the crust-upper-mantle, the influences of crustal layering and thickness on co-seismic gravity changes and deformation of Wenchuan earthquake have been simulated. The results indicate that: the influences have a relationship with the attitude of faults and the relative position between calculated points and fault. The difference distribution form of simulated results between the two models is similar to that of co-seismic effect. For the per centum distribution, it' s restricted by the zero line of the co-seismic effects obviously. Its positive is far away from the zero line. For the crustal thickness, the effect is about 10% -20%. The negative and the effect over 30% focus around the zero line. The average influences of crustal layering and thickness for the E-W displacement, N-S displacement, vertical displacement and gravity changes are 18.4%, 18.0%, 15.8 % and 16. 2 % respectively, When the crustal thickness is 40 km, they are 4. 6% ,5.3% ,3.8% and 3.8%. Then the crustal thickness is 70 km, the average influences are 3.5%, 4. 6% ,3.0% and 2. 5% respectively.     

追忆汶川地震浅谈抗震概念设计

我们国家地域辽阔,是一个地震频发的国家,历史上震害不断,新中国成立以来,就曾发生过几次震级较强的地震,给广大人民群众的生命财产造成了难以估量的损失。尤其是几年前发生的"5.12"汶川8.0级特大地震,给国家和人民带来了巨大的灾难,数以万计的鲜活生命瞬间消失在满目疮痍的高山河谷间。痛定思痛,有许多值得人们反思的问题,作为一名建筑设计领域的从业人员,如何提高建筑抗震性能、保护广大人民群众的生命财产安全显得尤为重要。