羊毛过氧化氢酶催化漂白

研究了在酸性条件下,以酶为催化剂,羊毛双氧化低温漂白工艺及相关因素的影响。     

复合抗菌保暖功能纬编面料生产实践

采用14.69 tex(40S)黏胶基罗布麻与黏胶混纺纱(30∶70)、14.62 tex黏胶基羊毛蛋白与精梳棉混纺纱(60∶40)和14.58 tex精梳棉纱,在28针/25.4 mm的PL-KD型双面针织机上,开发复合抗菌保暖功能的双罗纹针织面料。详细介绍原料选择、编织工艺和染整工艺,并测试面料的物理机械性能、服用性能及抗菌、吸湿发热保暖、抗静电、防紫外线性能。结果表明,开发的面料具有良好的抗菌、吸湿发热、蓄热保暖、透气、透湿、抗静电、防紫外线等功能,可广泛用于秋冬季薄型保暖服饰,具有较高的附加值。     

Melting process and melt structure of fly ash/magnesium slag blends for the production of inorganic fibers

Fiber production from inorganic industrial solid wastes is an effective waste management strategy. Because of cost considerations, most enterprises generally use local solid wastes as raw materials to produce fibers. In this study, we explored the feasibility of producing fibers using fly ash and magnesium slag. The results show that the melting temperature of the blends composed of fly ash, magnesium slag, and a small amount of calcined dolomite first decreased and then increased with an increase in acidity coefficient (M_k) from 1.0 to 2.4_. The samples could form a eutectic system in the M_k range of 1.4–1.8, and therefore have a relatively low melting temperature in this M_k range. Fly ash could react with magnesium slag and calcined dolomite to form akermanite, gehlenite-magnesium, and anorthite at temperatures close to the melting temperature; therefore, these crystalline phases were the main reaction products formed in the samples with M_k values lower than 1.80. Anorthite reacted further with some Na-containing and Si-containing spieces to produce labradorite. Thus, the content of anorthite and labradorite rapidly increased and they became the major crystal phases in the blend samples with M_k values greater than 1.80. MAS-NMR spectroscopic analysis revealed that the network structure of the melts depended on the ratio of bridging oxygen to non-bridging oxygen; a high ratio of bridging oxygen to non-bridging oxygen could lead to the formation of a dense network structure in the melt. The blends of fly ash and magnesium slag can be used to produce wool fibers and continuous fibers. In addition, the suitable temperature ranges for the production of both types of fibers were determined. The drawing temperature for continuous fiber production depended on the degree of polymerization and structure of the melt.     

A simple way of fabricating lyophilized wool nanoparticle powders using neutralization method

Lyophilized wool nanoparticle powders (L-WNPP) derived from wool fibers, were extracted through the neutralization method. Here, we propose the mechanism of wool nanoparticle (WNP) formation in an aqueous solution. The effects of pH, alkali concentration, and alkali treatment time on the size and morphology of WNP were investigated. Results confirmed that WNP were well dispersed and stable in the aqueous solution and globular particles were identified with an average size of 50 nm by using 3% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) after a 4-h treatment through dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analyses. Furthermore, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses showed that the L-WNPP maintained the chemical structure of wool protein. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis demonstrated that higher concentrations alkaline would destroy most amide bonds of molecule chains. Moreover, L-WNPP were further used to prepare transparent protein nanoparticle films. Our results will provide guidelines for developing protein nanoparticles for biotechnology fields that require size-controlled nanoparticles.     

ACIDIC EFFECT OF RADIATION GRAFTING BETWEEN ACRYLONITRILE AND WOOL

The acidic effect in grafting of acrylonitrile onto wool fibre under mutual irradiation has been studied. The reactivity of various acids towards graft copolymerization was found as the order: H_2SO_4>HNO_3>HCl>HClO_4>HOAC.     

国产设备加工纯毛半精梳绒线的研究

本文研究使用国产设备加工纯毛半精梳绒线的加工工艺的技术,突出解决梳毛工艺和成纱条干等生产技术关键问题。开发了不同挡次绒线的新产品,满足消费者的需要,使之具有较好的经济效益和社会效益。     

反应性阳离子聚氨酯对羊绒针织物起球性能的影响

以自制的反应性阳离子水性聚氨酯对纯羊绒针织物进行抗起毛起球整理,研究整理剂对纯羊绒针织物整理效果及其服用性能的影响。研究结果表明：在整理剂最佳的应用工艺下（整理剂质量浓度50g/L、浴比1：35、整理液pH5.5、40℃下处理20min、100℃烘干）,可显著提高羊绒针织物的抗起毛起球性能,其起毛起球等级从2.0级提高到4.0级,且织物的手感和白度等风格不受整理剂的影响。     

应用固相微萃取气相色谱测定毛织物中的挥发性有机化合物

毛织物试样剪碎后置于饱和NaCl溶液中经40℃超声处理后,采用100μm聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)作为固相微萃取技术(SPME)装置的固相涂层,通过顶空固相微萃取气相色谱(HS-SPME-GC-MSD)法测定了织物样品中的9种挥发性有机化合物(VOCs).该方法给出了相应的检测限量和适用范围,织物样品中9种VOCs的检测限量均低于0.001 mg/kg,回收率在96.8%～103.7%之间.     

Process Optimization and Industrial Scale-Up of Chitosan Based Anti-Felting Treatments of Wool

Abstract

Anti-felting properties of knitted wool fabrics treated with chitosan were investigated, by both a laboratory scale treatment and a semi-industrial application. The influence of oxidative wool pre-treatments was analysed. The distribution of chitosan on treated wool fibres was also assessed using both qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods. The study provided shrinkage data perfectly comparable with those obtained by the currently used shrinkproofing processes, but with two important advantages: the total absence of chlorine in the process and the complete biodegradability of chitosan. The semi-industrial treatment showed the complete reproducibility of the laboratory scale results, giving rise to the possibility of an industrial adaptation of the process.     

蛋白酶在羊毛丝光防毡缩整理中的应用研究

研究了蛋白酶Argaenzyme STL在羊毛丝光防毡缩加工中的应用，探讨了不同的前处理助剂、酶处理工艺以及稳定剂对酶处理效果的影响，并比较了酶处理前后羊毛物化性能的变化。