Subcellular Localization of Acyl-CoA: Lysophosphatidylethanolamine Acyltransferases (LPEATs) and the Effects of Knocking-Out and Overexpression of Their Genes on Autophagy Markers Level and Life Span of A. thaliana

Arabidopsis thaliana possesses two acyl-CoA:lysophosphatidylethanolamine acyltransferases, LPEAT1 and LPEAT2, which are encoded by At1g80950 and At2g45670 genes, respectively. Both single lpeat2 mutant and double lpeat1 lpeat2 mutant plants exhibit a variety of conspicuous phenotypes, including dwarfed growth. Confocal microscopic analysis of tobacco suspension-cultured cells transiently transformed with green fluorescent protein-tagged versions of LPEAT1 or LPEAT2 revealed that LPEAT1 is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), whereas LPEAT2 is localized to both Golgi and late endosomes. Considering that the primary product of the reaction catalyzed by LPEATs is phosphatidylethanolamine, which is known to be covalently conjugated with autophagy-related protein ATG8 during a key step of the formation of autophagosomes, we investigated the requirements for LPEATs to engage in autophagic activity in Arabidopsis. Knocking out of either or both LPEAT genes led to enhanced accumulation of the autophagic adaptor protein NBR1 and decreased levels of both ATG8a mRNA and total ATG8 protein. Moreover, we detected significantly fewer membrane objects in the vacuoles of lpeat1 lpeat2 double mutant mesophyll cells than in vacuoles of control plants. However, contrary to what has been reported on autophagy deficient plants, the lpeat mutants displayed a prolonged life span compared to wild type, including delayed senescence.     

3Cr2W8V钢强韧化处理研究

本文从强韧化机制方面，研究了用于铝合金型材挤压模具的３Ｃｒ２Ｗ８Ｖ钢在不同热处理工艺条件下的金相组织，显微结构与断口，常温与高温下的力学性能。结果表明，采用１２５０℃以上超高温淬火加４００－５００℃中温回火的强韧化处理工艺，可使该钢同时获得具有良好力学性能和较好韧性、热强性、热稳定性、热疲劳性、耐磨性等相结合的综合性能。     

高深宽比SU-8微结构的简易加工技术

为了提高微驱动器的性能,提出了一种在氧化铟锡(ITO)玻璃上加工高深宽比SU-8微结构的方法.在导电玻璃的ITO层上涂覆一薄层AZ-4620正光胶,用常规的接触式曝光法,将光刻掩模上的二维图形转移到AZ-4620光胶层上,显影后利用ITO玻璃的导电性,在AZ-4620光胶曝光处电沉积镍,原掩膜图形可保真地转移到ITO玻璃表面的镍镀层上,使紫外光透过ITO玻璃基底进行反面曝光,从而保证了光刻掩模与SU-8光胶层间的完全接触,消除了厚光胶层表面不平在曝光时的散射和基片材料的反射影响,成功制备了深宽比为16、侧壁垂直度为89.5°的微结构.本方法使用设备简单,加工成本低.     

Ca1-3x/2Al2Si2O8:xEu3+荧光粉的发光和光温传感特性

为了探究稀土离子掺杂铝硅酸盐的光温特性,本文采用燃烧合成法制备了系列荧光粉材料Ca_1-3x/2Al₂Si₂O₈:xEu³⁺。X射线衍射结果表明掺杂Eu³⁺离子不会改变基质CaAl₂Si₂O₈的晶体结构。荧光光谱结果表明该荧光粉在近紫外光区域具有较强吸收,当被波长为393 nm的近紫外光激发后,其最大特征发射峰为611 nm,且Eu³⁺离子的最佳掺杂浓度为0.05。利用上升时间测温法研究了CaAl₂Si₂O₈:Eu³⁺荧光粉的光温传感特性,结果表明:随着Eu³⁺掺杂浓度的增加,上升时间单调递减,但当掺杂掺杂超过0.100时就会发生淬灭。Ca_0.985Al₂Si₂O₈:0.01Eu³⁺的相对灵敏度随温度的升高先增大后减小,并在520 K时达到最大值（0.024 K^-1）。上述研究表明该荧光粉具备优异的温度传感性能,在测温领域具有广泛的应用前景。     

Room-Temperature Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries Using Metal Organic Framework Composited Comb-Like Methoxy Poly(ethylene glycol) Acrylate Solid Polymer Electrolytes

Solid polymer electrolyte with good thermal stability and flexibility is an excellent candidate for solid-state lithium metal batteries, while its low ionic conductivity caused by high crystallinity limits its application at ambient temperature. Here a metal organic framework (zeolitic imidazolate framework-8, ZIF-8) composited comb-like methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) acrylate polymer electrolyte (MCPE) with high ionic conductivity (9.96 × 10⁻⁵ S cm⁻¹ at 30 °C) is prepared by an in situ UV polymerization method. The as-prepared MCPE exhibits improved mechanical property due to the introduction of porous ZIF-8 nanofillers, which is beneficial to suppress the growth of lithium dendrites. Consequently, the LiFePO₄||MCPE||Li cells show a high capacity of 116 mAh g⁻¹ at 30 °C and 0.5 C, and maintain 89.4% of initial capacity after 150 cycles with the average Coulombic efficiency of 99.9%. These results demonstrate that the MCPE shows great potential in solid-state lithium metal batteries near room temperature.     

00Crl8Nil0N奥氏体不锈钢200 - 600℃高温疲劳性能的研究

试验用00Cr18Ni10N钢（/%:0.018C,0.41Si,1.68Mn,18.18Cr,10.38Ni,0.16N）经1t EAF-AOD-ESR冶炼,锻成Φ30 mm材和1 050℃固溶处理,进行了00Cr18Ni10N钢200～600℃光滑（K_t=1）、缺口（K_t=3）的轴向高周疲劳性能研究,绘制了疲劳S-N曲线、计算了疲劳极限,并对疲劳试样的典型断口进行了SEM观察。结果表明,光滑试样的疲劳极限随试验温度升高而降低,缺口试样的疲劳极限对试验温度变化不敏感。当应力集中系数由K_t=1提高到K_t=3时,00Cr18Ni10N钢的200、400、600℃下10⁷周次条件疲劳极限分别从530、506、410 MPa,降低到323、370、392 MPa。表明在高温下00Cr18Ni10N钢存在疲劳极限对应力集中敏感,且应力集中敏感性随着试验温度的升高而降低。疲劳试样的断口形貌由疲劳源区、疲劳裂纹扩展区和瞬断区组成,疲劳起源于表面加工刀痕的不连续位置,呈韧性断裂特征。     

3Cr2W8V钢锻件表面裂纹的成因及预防措施

通过对难变形钢3Cr2W8V进行实验,证明了合理地选择锻造工艺参数,也是解决表面裂纹的重要途径之一。     

6-硝基-1,2-重氮氧基-4-萘磺酸及其杂质的高效液相色谱分析

本文以反相高效液相色谱对6-硝基-1，2-重氮氧基-4-茶磺酸及有机杂质进行了分析，选择了流动相、离子对、检测波长，研究了不同牌号ODS C18色谱柱的重现性，得到了6-硝基-1，2-重氮氧基-4-萘磺酸及杂质(1，2-重氮氧基-4-萘磺酸、8-硝基-1，2-重氮氧基-4-萘磺酸)的相关系数分别为：0.99956、0.99991、0.99317；标准偏差和变异系数分别为：0.214250％、0．016890％、0．564557％、0.012695%、0.488467％、0.014560％得到了准确度数据，确定了最小检出量。     

Intraspecific variation and interspecific differences in sex pheromones of sibling species inCtenopseustis obliquana complex

The specific status ofCtenopseustis obliquana pheromone-types I, II, and III has been more fully examined. Females of types I and III produce a mixture of (Z)-8- and (Z)-5-tetradecenyl acetates (Z8-14:Ac, Z5-14: Ac). The previously reported different ratios of these two components in females of the two types (type I=8020, III=9010) have been reinvestigated. The median ratios of each type differed significantly, although there was some overlap in the ranges of these ratios. A field cage trial showed that males of type III are attracted to females of type I, so the observed differences may be ascribed to intraspecific variation. In contrast to females of types I or III, females of type II produce Z5-14Ac but no Z8-14Ac. The electroantennogram (EAG) profile of antennae of type II males shows a maximum response to Z5-14Ac, while the EAG profiles of types I and III show a strong response to Z8-14Ac. In wind tunnel tests using mixtures of these two compounds, type II males prefer blends consisting of all or mostly Z5-14: Ac, while type I males showed a preference to a mix of 70% Z8-14Ac plus 30% Z5-14Ac. We found that type I males are attracted to type I females when offered a choice between type I and type II females in a field cage test and that type II males similarly prefer type II females. Males of types I and II have specialist cells for Z8-14Ac and Z5-14Ac but differ with respect to relative densities of these cells and to further cell types responsive to other alkenyl acetates. Type IIC. obliquana is considered therefore a sibling species of types I and III. In addition, the amount of Z5-14Ac produced by type II females varied geographically. Females from the North Island produced significantly less (median=1.2 ng) Z5-14Ac than females from the South Island (median=2.2 ng). Type II populations in the North Island morphologically resembled sympatric type I, rather than type II from the South Island and are designated as type II (North Island). Type II (North Island) populations have so far been found only at Rukuhia (near Hamilton) and from Kerikeri. In contrast, type II populations are sympatric with type III populations over much of the South Island. In a field cage trial, males of types II and II (North Island) were attracted to females of both II and II (North Island). We tentatively ascribe the differences between type II and type II (North Island) to intraspecific variation.     

Outdoor attractancy of males ofMatsucoccus josephi (Homoptera: Matsucoccidae) andElatophilus hebraicus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) to synthetic female sex pheromone ofMatsucoccus josephi

The active component of the sex pheromone ofMatsucoccus josephi is (2E,6E,8E)-5,7-dimethyl-2,6,8-decatrien-4-one; the chemical is also a powerful kairomone of adult males and females of the bugElatophilus hebraicus the principal predator ofM. josephi. The presence of theZ isomer (2E,6Z,8E)-5,7-dimethyl-2,6,8-decatrien-4-one does not interfere with the attractancy of the activeE component forM. josephi males or the bug. Our results show a clear dose-response between trap catch ofM. josephi males andE. hebraicus. Conversely, increasing amounts of theZ isomer in the mixture did not affect the attraction of the scale insect males or the bug. The catch ofM. josephi males did not differ significantly among traps of different color, and was significantly higher with traps attached to the tree trunk than those suspended between trees. Comparison of the catch ofM. josephi among the three forests and between pine species suggests that the level of infestation ofPinus halepepsis andPinus brutia ssp.brutia is similar, despite the fact that the latter pine is resistant to the scale insect. Both sexes ofE. hebraicus were trapped in much lower numbers at the more infested sites. This may be related to interference with the activity ofE. hebraicus due to deterioration and drying of parts of the tree crowns and heavy colonization by generalist predators in injured trees.