从利奥塔的元叙事危机看我国私人写作的意义

让一弗·利奥塔对当代知识与叙事特别是元叙事的合法性问题进行了探讨,最后得出元叙事的危机以及与之相关的普遍主体、现代知识分子神话的解体。本文试以此理论为基础,阐述我国私人写作的权利与意义。     

新形势下高校知识分子工作的思考

本文探讨了在建立社会主义市场经济体制现阶段如何做好高校知识分子工作．     

谈如何激发知识分子的科研热情

“科学技术是第一生产力”是邓小平同志的科学论断,广大知识分子是第一生产力的实践者,更是开拓者、推动者。了解、引导、关爱知识分子,营造尊重知识、尊重人才的氛围,就能激发其对人生目标和理想的追求,充分释放创造力。     

Mapping of elastic modulus at sub-micrometer scale with acoustic contact resonance AFM

Atomic Force Acoustic Microscopy (AFAM) is a powerful near field technique combining the high spatial resolution of Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) with ultrasonic stresses to access mechanical properties of material shallow surfaces (essentially local stiffness magnitudes like Young modulus). In this article, we discuss different experimental set-up and modelling approaches to determine quantitatively the Young modulus of thin films. Static experiments carried-out on dense and nanoporous silica have shown a good agreement with nanoindentation experiments. Stiffness mapping have also been performed on macroporous silica and copper interconnect structures, showing the ability of our set-up to sense different mechanical answers at sub-micrometer scale.     

Young drivers’ attitudes toward accompanied driving: A new multidimensional measure

Four studies were conducted in order to develop and validate a multidimensional instrument to assess attitudes toward accompanied driving among young drivers. Study 1 (n = 841) focused on developing the Attitudes Toward Accompanied Driving Scale (ATADS), a self-report scale based on five previously conceptualized domains of attitudes. Factor analysis revealed the five hypothesized factors: Tension, Relatedness, Disapproval, Avoidance, and Anxiety. In addition, significant associations were found between these factors and gender, age, and the assessment of reckless driving as risky. Study 2 (n = 651) adopted a developmental approach, comparing the attitudes of participants in various stages of licensure. Disapproval and Tension were found to be higher, and Relatedness lower, among participants who had not yet begun driving instruction than among those who were taking driving lessons or had already obtained a license. Study 3 (n = 160) revealed associations between the five ATADS factors and perceived driving costs and benefits. In Study 4 (n = 193), associations were found between these factors and driver's self-image, with a combination of ATADS factors, self-image, and gender contributing to the explained variance of two outcome variables: driving self-efficacy, and reported frequency of reckless driving. The discussion focuses on the validity and utility of the new measure of young drivers’ attitudes toward accompanied driving, stressing its practical implications for road safety.     

Young Scientists – Juniorprofessor Gregor D. Wehinger stellt sich vor

This article introduces assistant professor Gregor D. Wehinger of the Institute of Chemical and Electrochemical Process Engineering at Clausthal University of Technology. Besides recent research projects and teaching activities, he gives an overview about his commitment to the community. He reports on current research results in the field of CFD modeling of packed-bed reactors, redox-flow batteries, and multiphase systems. Furthermore, the use of virtual reality in teaching is presented.     

Mechanical properties of lanthanum zirconate-based composite thermal barrier coatings

Lanthanum zirconate is a promising candidate material for thermal barrier coating (TBC) applications due to its low thermal conductivity and high temperature phase stability. However, its application is limited by thermal durability caused by low fracture toughness and low coefficient of thermal expansion. We recently developed LZ/8YSZ composite TBC systems using blended LZ and 8YSZ powders, which have demonstrated excellent thermal cycling performance. In this study, the mechanical properties of the composite TBCs were characterised using both nanoindentation and Vicker’s microhardness tests. The nanoindentation results show that both Young’s modulus and nanohardness increase with increasing 8YSZ content, suggesting the mechanical properties can be tailored by changing the volume ratio of 8YSZ. The ratios of Young’s modulus to nanohardness remain constant, ～18, irrespective to the coating’s composition. The microhardness results show the same dependence with 8YSZ content, which is confirmed by the analytic models based on composite theory.     

Young’s modulus evolution during heating,re-sintering and cooling of partially sintered alumina ceramics

The Young modulus of partially and fully sintered alumina ceramics, obtained by firing to different temperatures (range 1200–1600°C), has been determined via impulse excitation, and the evolution of Young’s modulus of partially sintered alumina with temperature has been monitored from room temperature to 1600°C. As expected, the room-temperature Young modulus of the partially sintered materials is lower than all theoretical predictions. With increasing temperature Young’s modulus decreases, until the original firing temperature is exceeded and sintering (densification) continues, resulting in a steep Young’s modulus increase. During heating and cooling the temperature dependence obeys a master curve for alumina, unless the temperature of the original firing is excessively low.     

对中国计算机事业发展的若干思考

给出了１９９８年在上海交通大学举行的第７届全国青年计算机学术会议上青年计算机学者提出的一些当前中国计算机领域面临的问题以及对策。