一株浸矿细菌的分离及其对低品位硫化镍铜矿中镍的浸出

从云南某铜矿井下酸性污水中分离到嗜酸菌株ynxd-1,对其形态、生长特性、16 S rRNA基因序列及其对低品位硫化镍铜矿的摇瓶浸出效果进行了研究.结果表明:细菌细胞呈短杆状,革兰氏染色阴性,不产芽孢,最适pH值及生长温度分别为2.0和30℃.菌株ynxd-1在10%(W/V)矿浆浓度及30℃温度的条件下摇瓶培养浸出28 d,低品位硫化镍铜矿镍的浸出率为56.4%.16 S rRNA基因序列分析表明,菌株ynxd-1与嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌的同源性达到99%,可以鉴定为嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌菌株.     

氧化亚铁硫杆菌分离复壮的研究

用稀释涂布平板法从已退化的氧化亚铁硫杆菌菌液中分离出氧化活性较高，生命力强的氧化亚铁硫杆菌T1，对其菌落，细胞形态和生长特性进行了初步研究，结果表明其最适生长条件为培养温度30℃，pH=2.0，分离出的T1菌株氧化活性是分离前菌株氧化活性的1．2倍。     

Bioleaching of heavy metals from dewatered sludge by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans

The feasibility of bioleaching for removal of heavy metals from dewatered sewage sludge using an iron‐oxidizing bacterium Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans was investigated. The influence of seven process parameters including cell adaptation, total amount and particle size of the sludge, initial concentrations of Fe²⁺ and At ferrooxidans, and addition of inorganic nutrients and sulfur were evaluated in terms of the solubilization of Zn, Cu and Cr. When sludge‐adapted cells, addition of inorganic nutrients and lower sludge content were involved, higher yields of metal extraction were obtained. However, higher initial concentrations of At ferrooxidans and Fe²⁺, fine particle size of the sludge and S addition did not improve the metals' solubilization during an experimental period of 7 days. As a result of a long‐term (40 days) bioleaching experiment, 42% of Zn (1300–1648 mg kg^?1), 39% of Cu (613–774 mg kg^?1) and 10% of Cr (37–44 mg kg^?1) in the sludge were leached into the solution. The results indicate that a bioleaching process conducted under operationally optimal conditions can be effectively employed for the removal of heavy metals from sewage sludge before land application. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

氧化亚铁硫杆菌的固定化及动力学研究

以沸石为填料用吸附法构建了氧化亚铁硫杆菌固定化细胞生物反应器，考查了空气流量、液体流量对固定化效果的影响。在温度相同，培养基的pH=1．6，Fe^2＋浓度为8g／L左右的条件下，固定化细胞在Fe^2＋氧化率达95．36％时的氧化速率高达1．10/L·h，其Fe^2＋的氧化速率将近是游离细胞的18倍。固定化细胞生物反应器的动力学研究表明，氧化亚铁硫杆菌固定化细胞氧化Fe^2＋反应符合一级反应，其反应速率常数k为0．37h^-1。     

氧化亚铁硫杆菌最佳生长条件的初步探索

氧化亚铁硫杆菌生长活性影响因素有很多，其中主要的是温度、pH、培养基的量以及接种量等。用比浊法以及二价铁离子的变化为指标，对氧化亚铁硫杆菌的生长条件进行初步研究，得出其最佳生长条件为：温度28℃左右，初始pH为2．3左右，培养基装量为50～100mL／250mL。接种量为10％。     

Homology modeling and evolutionary trace analysis of superoxide dismutase from extremophile Acidithiobacillusferrooxidans

The gene sod in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans may play a crucial role in its tolerance to the extremely acidic, toxic and oxidative environment of bioleaching. For insight into the anti-toxic mechanism of the bacteria, a three-dimensional (3D) molecular structure of the protein encoded by this gene was built by homology modeling techniques, refined by molecular dynamics simulations, assessed by PROFILE-3D and PROSTAT programs and its key residues were further detected by evolutionary trace analysis. Through these procedures, some trace residues were identified and spatially clustered. Among them, the residues of Asn38, Gly103 and Glu161 are randomly scattered throughout the mapped structure; interestingly, the other residues are all distinctly clustered in a subgroup near Fe atom. From these results, this gene can be confirmed at 3D level to encode the Fe-depending superoxide dismutase and subsequently play an anti-toxic role. Furthermore, the detected key residues around Fe binding site can be conjectured to be directly responsible for Fe binding and catalytic function.     

氧化铁硫杆菌的亚硝酸化学诱变及对黄铜矿的生物浸出

报道了亚硝酸化学诱变原理、对一株优势氧化铁硫杆菌T .f菌的诱变作用和诱变T .f菌对低品位黄铜矿的生物浸出研究结果。结果表明 ,T .f菌亚硝酸化学诱变后 ,诱变T .f菌和原始T .f菌相比 ,活性提高了 41.0 3 % ,对黄铜矿的浸出率提高了 13 .3 % ,达到浸出终点的时间比原始菌减少了 5～ 10d。诱变后的T .f菌对黄铜矿比原始T .f菌具有更好的浸出效果     

Bio‐oxidation of ferrous ions by Acidithioobacillus ferrooxidans in a monolithic bioreactor

BACKGROUND: The bio‐oxidation of ferrous iron is a potential industrial process in the regeneration of ferric iron and the removal of H₂S in combustible gases. Bio‐oxidation of ferrous iron may be an alternative method of producing ferric sulfate, which is a reagent used for removal of H₂S from biogas, tail gas and in the pulp and paper industry. For practical use of this process, this study evaluated the optimal pH and initial ferric concentration. pH control looks like a key factor as it acts both on growth rate and on solubility of materials in the system. RESULTS: Process variables such as pH and amount of initial ferrous ions on oxidation by A. ferrooxidans and the effects of process variables dilution rate, initial concentrations of ferrous on oxidation of ferrous sulfate in the packed bed bioreactor were investigated. The optimum range of pH for the maximum growth of cells and effective bio‐oxidation of ferrous sulfate varied from 1.4 to 1.8. The maximum bio‐oxidation rate achieved was 0.3 g L^?1 h^?1 in a culture initially containing 19.5 g L^?1 Fe²⁺ in the batch system. A maximum Fe²⁺ oxidation rate of 6.7 g L^?1 h^?1 was achieved at the dilution rate of 2 h^?1, while no obvious precipitate was detected in the bioreactor. All experiments were carried out in shake flasks at 30 °C. CONCLUSION: The monolithic particles investigated in this study were found to be very suitable material for A. ferrooxidans immobilization for ferrous oxidation mainly because of its advantages over other commonly used substrates. In the monolithic bioreactor, the bio‐oxidation rate was 6.7 g L^?1 h^?1 and 7 g L^?1 h^?1 for 3.5 g L^?1 and 6 g L^?1 of initial ferrous concentration, respectively. For higher initial concentrations 16 g L^?1 and 21.3 g L^?1, bio‐oxidation rate were 0.9 g L^?1 h^?1 and 0.55 g L^?1 h^?1, respectively. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

湿法炼锌浸出液细菌氧化除铁研究

采集本省菌种，优化培养出高氧化性能的氧化亚铁硫杆菌，应用于湿法炼锌中浸出液Fe2＋的氧化过程，获得较好效果。摸索出最佳工艺参数，对影响氧化反应的其他重要因素也进行了较为详细的研究，为工业应用奠定了实验基础。     

Scanning force microscopy studies of the colonization and growth of A. ferrooxidans on the surface of pyrite minerals

We have used the technique of scanning force microscopy (SFM) for studying the interaction of the bacteria A. ferrooxidans with the surface of the mineral pyrite. These bacteria are important to study with regard to acidification of streams and the environmental impact of such acidification. A. ferrooxidans cells readily colonize the pyrite surface, forming a tight mineral seal between the cell and the pyrite substrate. These bacteria subsequently may grow under pH neutral conditions, biooxidizing the underlying pyrite; this process creates etch pits in the pyrite. On average, these etch pits are 1.2 microns in lateral dimension and approximately 220 nm deep.