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51.
S. L. Oswal R. G. Sindhe A. T. Patel J. P. Dave S. G. Patel B. M. Patel 《International Journal of Thermophysics》1992,13(4):617-628
Viscosities of several mono-, di-, and trialkylamines have been measured in the temperature range 298 to 333 K. It is observed that viscosities are highly dependent on shape, size, and association through H-bond or through dipole. Following the transition state theory, energy, Gibbs free energy, and entropy of activation of viscous flow have been calculated. The values of expansion energy for these liquids have also been calculated using free volume theory, and subsequently amines have been classified as volume-restrained or energy-restrained liquids. The group contribution method of Van Velzen, Cardozo, and Langenkamp for estimating viscosity has been examined with the present and literature data, and the new group contribution increments N
i and B
i for amines have been evaluated. 相似文献
52.
Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr稀土镁合金的热变形行为 总被引:17,自引:6,他引:17
采用GLEEBLE-1500热模拟机对Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr稀土镁合金在温度为250~450.℃、应变速率为0.002~0.100.s-1、最大变形程度为60%的条件下, 进行高温压缩模拟实验研究. 分析了实验合金在高温变形时的流变应力和应变速率及变形温度之间的关系, 计算了变形激活能和应力指数, 并研究了在热压缩过程中组织的变化, 为确定该稀土镁合金的挤压温度提供了实验依据. 结果表明: 合金的峰值流变应力随应变速率的增大而增加, 随温度的升高而降低; 合金的变形激活能在300~400.℃内变化不大, 而在400~450.℃时增加很大; 根据实验分析认为该稀土镁合金挤压温度定在350~400.℃左右为宜; 在350.℃左右顺利挤出的实验合金有很好的力学性能: σb=275.5.MPa, δ=13.5%. 相似文献
53.
采用水冷铜模吸铸工艺制备出了片状Cu48Zr45Al7,块体非晶合金.X射线衍射(XRD)表明,样品为完全非晶.利用差示扫描量热分析仪(DSC)在不同的升温速率下连续加热测得该片状非晶合金的热稳定性参数值,均随着升温速率的增加而增加,表明其玻璃转变和晶化行为均存在显著的动力学效应.运用Kissinger法计算出其玻璃转变温度激活能(Eg)、晶化温度激活能(Ex)和峰值温度激活能(Ep)分别为424.7 kJ·mol-1,326.3 kJ·mol-1和297.1kJ·mol-1.从热力学模型角度出发,对该合金的非晶形成能力进行了分析,计算出其混合焓ΔHchem=-25.55 kJ.mol-1和归一化错配熵So/kB=0.78.结果表明,该块体非晶合金具有较强的非晶形成能力(AFA)NI良好的热稳定性. 相似文献
54.
Monika Bednarczyk Carolina Medina-Montano Frederic Julien Fittler Henner Stege Meike Roskamp Michael Kuske Christian Langer Marco Vahldieck Evelyn Montermann Ingrid Tubbe Nadine Rhrig Andrzej Dzionek Stephan Grabbe Matthias Bros 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(6)
The development of nanocarriers (NC) for biomedical applications has gained large interest due to their potential to co-deliver drugs in a cell-type-targeting manner. However, depending on their surface characteristics, NC accumulate serum factors, termed protein corona, which may affect their cellular binding. We have previously shown that NC coated with carbohydrates to enable biocompatibility triggered the lectin-dependent complement pathway, resulting in enhanced binding to B cells via complement receptor (CR)1/2. Here we show that such NC also engaged all types of splenic leukocytes known to express CR3 at a high rate when NC were pre-incubated with native mouse serum resulting in complement opsonization. By focusing on dendritic cells (DC) as an important antigen-presenting cell type, we show that CR3 was essential for binding/uptake of complement-opsonized NC, whereas CR4, which in mouse is specifically expressed by DC, played no role. Further, a minor B cell subpopulation (B-1), which is important for first-line pathogen responses, and co-expressed CR1/2 and CR3, in general, engaged NC to a much higher extent than normal B cells. Here, we identified CR-1/2 as necessary for binding of complement-opsonized NC, whereas CR3 was dispensable. Interestingly, the binding of complement-opsonized NC to both DC and B-1 cells affected the expression of activation markers. Our findings may have important implications for the design of nano-vaccines against infectious diseases, which codeliver pathogen-specific protein antigen and adjuvant, aimed to induce a broad adaptive cellular and humoral immune response by inducing cytotoxic T lymphocytes that kill infected cells and pathogen-neutralizing antibodies, respectively. Decoration of nano-vaccines either with carbohydrates to trigger complement activation in vivo or with active complement may result in concomitant targeting of DC and B cells and thereby may strongly enhance the extent of dual cellular/humoral immune responses. 相似文献
55.
56.
We investigate the thermodynamics, kinetics, and capacity of the hydrogen storage reaction: Li2Mg(NH)2 + 2H2 Mg(NH2)2 + 2LiH. Starting with LiNH2 and MgH2, two distinct procedures have been previously proposed for activating samples to induce the reversible storage reaction. We clarify here the impact of these two activation procedures on the resulting capacity for the Li–Mg–N–H reaction. Additionally, we measure the temperature-dependent kinetic absorption data for this hydrogen storage system. Finally, our experiments confirm the previously reported formation enthalpy (ΔH), hydrogen capacity, and pressure–composition–isotherm (PCI) data, and suggest that this system represents a kinetically (but not thermodynamically) limited system for vehicular on-board storage applications. 相似文献
57.
Yan Cui Zequan Zeng Jianfeng Zheng Zhanggen Huang Jieyang Yang 《Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering》2021,15(5):1125
To realize the utilization of visible light and improve the photocatalytic efficiency of organic pollutant degradation in wastewater, a nitrogen-doped titanium-carbon composite (N-TiO2/AC) prepared by sol-gel methods was applied in the photodegradation of phenol assisted by persulfate under visible light irradiation (named N-TiO2/AC/PS/VIS). The results show that a synergistic effect exists between visible-light photocatalysis and persulfate activation. Compared with TiO2/PS/VIS, the phenol degradation rate was found to be observably improved by 65% in the N-TiO2/AC/PS/VIS system. This significant increase in degradation rate was mainly attributed to the following two factors: 1) The N and C doping can change the crystal structure of TiO2, which extends the TiO2 absorption wavelength range to the visible light region. 2) As an electron acceptor, PS can not only prevent electrons and holes from recombining with each other but can also generate strong oxidizing radicals such as ∙SO4– and ∙OH to accelerate the reaction dynamics. The process of phenol degradation was found to be consistent with the Langmuir pseudo-first-order kinetic model with an apparent rate constant k of 1.73 min–1. The N-TiO2/AC/PS/VIS process was proven to be a facile method for pollutant degradation with high pH adaptability, excellent visible-light utilization and good application prospects. 相似文献
58.
59.
María del Mar Noblejas-Lpez Mariona Baliu-Piqu Cristina Nieto-Jimnez Francisco J. Cimas Esther C. Morafraile Atanasio Pandiella ngel L. Corbi Balzs Gyrffy Alberto Ocaa 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(8)
Targeting the innate immune system has attracted attention with the development of anti- CD47 antibodies. Anti-CD47 antibodies block the inhibition of the phagocytic activity of macrophages caused by the up-regulation of CD47 on tumor cells. In this study, public genomic data was used to identify genes highly expressed in breast tumors with elevated CD47 expression and analyzed the association between the presence of tumor immune infiltrates and the expression of the selected genes. We found that 142 genes positively correlated with CD47, of which 83 predicted favorable and 32 detrimental relapse-free survival (RFS). From those associated with favorable RFS, we selected the genes with immunologic biological functions and defined a CD47-immune signature composed of PTPRC, HLA-E, TGFBR2, PTGER4, ETS1, and OPTN. In the basal-like and HER2+ breast cancer subtypes, the expression of the CD47-immune signature predicted favorable outcome, correlated with the presence of tumor immune infiltrates, and with gene expression signatures of T cell activation. Moreover, CD47 up-regulated genes associated with favorable survival correlated with pro-tumoral macrophages. In summary, we described a CD47-immune gene signature composed of 6 genes associated with favorable prognosis, T cell activation, and pro-tumoral macrophages in breast cancer tumors expressing high levels of CD47. 相似文献
60.
粉煤灰是燃煤电厂中煤粉燃烧后的固体废弃物,其日益累积不但会占用大量土地资源,还会破坏原有的自然环境,造成严重污染,近年来粉煤灰的处理和资源化利用受到广泛关注。激发粉煤灰的潜在活性是提高粉煤灰综合利用率的关键。对粉煤灰的物理活性和化学活性来源进行了介绍,并对粉煤灰活性的物理激发、水热激发及化学激发技术与激发机理进行了综述,为后续粉煤灰的活化研究和大规模利用提供了参考。不同手段均能激发粉煤灰活性,但采用单一手段激发时存在活化成本高、激发程度低等问题。未来粉煤灰激发技术将朝着多种手段并用的方向发展。 相似文献