Integrating ICT adoption issues into (e-)leadership theory

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are having a profound effect in society and organizations. However, the literature on ICT adoption—from selection to implementation—has not been well integrated into leadership theory. This is particularly true in terms of adoption. Leaders must adopt ICTs not only for their own competence—an antecedent condition for what is considered e-leadership, but choose, recommend, and support implementation of ICTs for their organizations/units to use. Leaders are also expected to become effective in dealing and navigating the challenges of leading within the digital space. At this moment, there are two pertinent literatures: the technology adoption literature and the enterprise resource planning literature—which can be considered an important special case of leadership change management literature—and which could provide the theoretical basis for developing a unified theoretical perspective on e-leadership. This article provides a framework and propositions to connect these literatures by focusing on the effects of individual leader characteristics on the ICT adoption process from both a personal and enterprise-wide perspective. Study limitations and future research opportunities are outlined.     

A framework for critical security factors that influence the decision of cloud adoption by Saudi government agencies

Cloud computing technologies can play an essential role in public organisations and companies while it reduces the cost of using information technology services. It allows users to access the service anytime and anywhere, with paying for what they use. In developing countries, such as Saudi Arabia, the cloud computing is still not extensively adopted, compared to countries in the west. In order to encourage the adoption of cloud services, it is considerable to understand an important and particular complications regarding to cloud computing is the potential and perceived security risks and benefits posed by implementing such technology.This paper investigates the critical security factors that influence the decision to adopt cloud computing by Saudi government agencies. A framework was proposed for three categories, Social Factors category, Cloud Security Risks Category and Perceived Cloud Security Benefits that includes well-known cloud security features. The framework factors were identified by critically reviewing studies found in the literature together with factors from the industrial standards within the context of Saudi Arabia. An experiment study was conducted in five government agencies in Saudi Arabia by interview and questionnaire with experts in order to improve and confirm the framework. All the factors in the proposed framework were found to be statistically significant. An additional factor identified was Failure of client side encryption. Moreover, they suggested including this factor as a potential risk under Security Risk Factors Category. The initial framework was updated based on the expert reviews and questionnaires. The results were analysed via one-sample t-test with the data integrity analysed via Cronbach’s alpha. The outcome indicated the majority of cloud security adoption framework categories were statistically significant. Potential future study directions and contributions are discussed.     

手机移动支付的价值接受度模型及实证

通过社会调查方法和结构方程模型,采用改进的价值接受度模型（VAM）对手机移动支付的用户接受度进行了实证。结果表明,作为正向价值的功能价值和建立社会价值是影响用户对手机移动支付态度的主要因素,而感知风险和费用负向影响用户态度。     

嵌入式系统开发中敏捷方法的应用研究综述

伴随着计算机技术的迅速发展,嵌入式系统软件的应用领域得以不断拓宽,这使得嵌入式系统开发面临着日益严峻的质量、成本以及项目周期等方面的压力.另一方面,敏捷方法已在传统的软件项目当中得到越来越多的应用.很多研究都表明,敏捷方法在适应需求变更、提升生产效率和最终产品的质量方面都发挥出显著的作用.因此,在嵌入式系统软件开发中应用敏捷方法,自然也得到研究者和实践者的日益关注.应用系统评价(systematicreview)方法,试图尽可能系统地了解嵌入式系统开发过程中敏捷方法的应用状况和研究进展.通过对敏捷宣言提出以来12年间49篇相关文献的概况和分析,试图回答如下3 个问题：1) 在不同类型的嵌入式系统开发中,敏捷方法的总体应用情况如何? 2) 敏捷方法或实践是如何解决各类嵌入式软件开发中的挑战的? 3) 敏捷方法(实践)该如何通过扩展和改进,以更好地适应嵌入式系统开发?研究表明,尽管应用程度存在一定的差异,但敏捷方法已在不同类型的嵌入式开发中得到了应用.传统的敏捷方法也需要进行多种改变,以适应这些不同类型的嵌入式开发项目的特征.     

Adoption of the Internet for knowledge acquisition in R&D processes

This research investigated Internet-based knowledge search patterns of engineers and scientists working in R&D for companies in the pharmacological and information technology sectors in Israel. Building on earlier work that considers the multidimensional nature of the relative advantage construct, we examine how perceptions of learning, informational convenience, and trust affected intentions to use the Internet to acquire new knowledge. In particular, these perceptions were studied with regard to both active and passive modes of interaction. We also considered here which types of technological knowledge are acquired by researchers, and how that differs across two professional communities of practice – scientists and engineers. This study sheds light on how R&D workers perceive the relative advantage of acquiring necessary knowledge through passive and active modes of communication with other researchers that are facilitated by the Internet. Findings are of interest to the literature on knowledge spillover because the capability of an organisation to acquire, disseminate, and exploit knowledge is crucial to R&D efforts.     

The acceptance of information technology innovations in hospitals: differences between early and late adopters

The increasing maturity of information technologies (IT) in hospitals and their infrastructure development is improving the quality and efficiency of healthcare services. In these circumstances, an investigation of the diffusion of IT in this context would provide some insight into adopters’ behaviours and further the diffusion of IT in the near future. The purpose of this paper is to conduct an investigation of the diffusion of IT’s innovations in hospitals. Technology acceptance model and innovation diffusion theory have been applied in this research trying to find factors that permit an effective discrimination between early and late adopters. The differences in characteristics between these two categories are assessed and implications based on the research findings are discussed.     

清代孤贫福利事业发展的六大困局

明清政府在孤贫福利事业发展上进行了诸多制度安排,特别是王朝把"收养孤老"入律,这是对我国古代社会保障制度和社会福利政策的进一步完善和发展,对孤贫福利事业发展具有积极意义。但由于众多制约性因素的存在,清代孤贫福利事业面临诸多发展困局,突出地表现在统治者救济理念的"非纯粹"性、律例本身的"内生性"缺陷、官府"财政瓶颈"、官制及官员的"主观滤波"、福利供给机构"官僚化"、福利供给事业"徭役化"六个方面。     

Evaluating OS/2

Abstract

Every once in a while the technologists get out of hand a make changes that affect existing programs —that is, affect them so that they don't work any more. By the time you read this, the newest of such changes, IBM's OS/2 and its Microsoft version, should be available from your local computer store.     

Barriers to the Adoption of B2B e-Marketplaces by Large Enterprises: Lessons Learned From the Hellenic Aerospace Industry

This article investigates the main barriers to the adoption of B2B e-marketplaces by large enterprises and at the same time the expected benefits that push in the opposite direction towards the adoption, through a case study conducted at the Hellenic Aerospace Industry (HAI), one of the largest industrial enterprises of Greece. The evidence collected from this case has been analyzed using various frameworks from the literature and also the innovation diffusion theory of Rogers, and shed light on the specificity of the large enterprises concerning e-marketplaces adoption.     

Custom Development as an Alternative for ERP Adoption by SMEs: An Interpretive Case Study

There have been few studies of the adoption of custom-developed enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. An interpretive case study of a SME in the agri-food industry was thus conducted to analyze this phenomenon. The study shows that custom ERP seems to represent a credible alternative for ERP adoption by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and that to minimize risk at the adoption stage, a SME can proceed in a rather intuitive and unstructured manner, based however upon certain principles, policies, and practices.