湿磨干烧生产线料浆脱水工艺的选择

料浆脱水是湿磨干烧的关键工艺，其脱水方法一般有过滤法，喷浆法和混合法三种，其中过滤法包括真空过滤和加压过滤两种，在国外都有应用，国内则大都用前者。南京院在皖维公司1000t/d生产线和白马山厂850t/d生产经上则采用了厢式压滤脱水法，文中就这两种过滤法的过滤工艺特点及其选择进行了分析和探讨。     

真空蒸馏法从铟中脱除Cd、Tl的研究

介绍真空蒸馏法取代传统试剂法从铟中脱除镉和铊。通过实验研究了采用真空蒸馏的方法从铟中脱除铊的最佳工艺条件。实验表明,控制蒸馏温度950℃,恒温时间40m in,即可使残余物中铊的含量为0.0006%,铟的挥发率2.14%。     

伊朗轻质原油减渣馏分油水界面张力的研究

The vacuum residual from Iranian Light crude oil are separated into a series of 16 narrow fractions according to the molecular weight by the supercritical fluid extraction and fractional (SFEF) technology. The chemical element and the UV spectrum of each fraction are analyzed. The effects of several factors on the interfacial tension are investigated, which are the fraction concentration in oil phase, the ratio of oil component, the salts dissolved in the water phase and the pH value. The interfacial tension decreases rapidly as the concentration of the residual fraction in the oil increases, showing a higher interfacial activity of the fraction. The interfacial tension changes, as the amount of absorption or the state of the fractions in the interface changes resulting from different ratios of oil, different kinds or concentrations of salts in water, and different pH values. It is concluded that the intrfacial tension changes regularly, corresponding to the regular molecular parameters of the vacuum residual fractions.     

真空镀铝CPP薄膜的生产和应用

简要论述了真空镀铝流延聚丙烯(CPP)膜的生产工艺及其在包装上的应用。     

常减压蒸馏装置配剂方法比较

对常减压装置的三种配剂方法进行分析比较，从而选出经济、合理的配剂方法。     

Phenolic compounds from vacuum pyrolysis of wood wastes

Various softwood and hardwood bark residues, primary sludges and softwood sawdust residues were processed by vacuum pyrolysis in a laboratory scale batch reactor. The pyrolysis oil, water, charcoal, and gas were recovered and analyzed. The pyrolysis oils were analyzed in details for their content in phenolic compounds after derivatization to their acetyl derivatives. The influence of temperature, heating rate, feedstock bed thickness, particle size and feedstock water pretreatment on the yield of phenols was investigated. The highest yield of phenols was obtained when hardwood bark was soaked in water for 48 hours and pyrolyzed at a temperature of 450°C and a heating rate of 10°C/min. Pyrolysis performance was evaluated in terms of total phenolic yield and composition.     

常减压蒸馏装置中和缓蚀剂的研制

针对炼油厂常减压塔塔顶冷凝系统现存的腐蚀问题,研制出以有机胺、咪唑啉衍生物为主要组分复配而成的新型中和缓蚀剂。通过模拟蒸馏实验表明:液相部位的缓蚀率达到99%以上,在初馏区露点部位的缓蚀率达到98%以上该中和缓蚀剂性能优良。     

Effect of different oxygen species originating from the dissociation of O2, N2O and NO on the selectivity of the Pt-catalysed NH3 oxidation

An effect of oxygen species formed from O₂, N₂O and NO on the selectivity of the catalytic oxidation of ammonia was studied over a polycrystalline Pt catalyst using the temporal analysis of products (TAP) reactor. The transient experiments were performed in the temperature range between 773 and 1073 K in a sequential pulse mode with a time interval of 0.2 s between the pulses of the oxidant (O₂, N₂O and NO) and NH₃. In contrast to adsorbed oxygen species formed from NO, those from O₂ and N₂O reacted with ammonia yielding NO. It is suggested that the difference between these oxidising agents may be related to the different active sites for dissociation of O₂, N₂O and NO, where oxygen species of various Pt-O strength are formed. Weaker bound oxygen species, which are active for NO formation, originate from O₂ and N₂O rather than from NO. These species may be of bi-atomic nature.     

起始水力梯度对真空预压下砂井地基固结过程的影响

针对粘土中孔隙水渗流存在起始水力梯度的现象,将考虑起始水力梯度的非Darcy渗流方程引入传统的砂井固结理论对其进行修正,并给出了真空预压下砂井地基固结近似解。探讨起始水力梯度对真空预压下砂井地基固结过程的影响,包括渗流前锋面的运动规律、孔隙水压力的分布变化规律和平均固结度的变化规律。结果表明,由于存在起始水力梯度,会延缓真空压力的传播,进而影响孔隙水的渗流和整个土层的固结速度。起始水力梯度越大,滞后现象越明显。此外,起始水力梯度的存在将使平均孔隙水压力逐渐趋于某一稳定值,但无法达到真空压力,所以最终平均固结度将小于100%,且其值随起始水力梯度的增大而减小。     

太阳能集热器及其适用性浅析

对目前常用的平板型、全玻璃真空管及热管式真空管等太阳能集热器的优缺点进行了介绍,并对各种太阳能集热器进行了综合评价,对其在太阳能热水供应、太阳能采暖和太阳能空调系统中的适用性进行了分析,为太阳能集热器的选择提供了参考.