超硬磨料表面镀覆(涂覆)的种类、方法及用途(Ⅰ)

本文概述了超硬磨料镀覆(涂覆)的发展过程及常用方法，分析了各种方法的优缺点，并针对目前在超硬磨料镀覆(涂覆)及相关制品方面存在的对镀覆种类使用不当的问题进行了辨析。本文由于篇幅问题分为两部分，在(Ⅰ)中主要介绍了超硬磨料表面电镀和化学镀镀覆Ni、Cu及部分利用物理方法镀覆Ti等金属的方法、性能及用途；在(Ⅱ)中介绍了超硬磨料表面镀覆(涂覆)Ti等强碳化物形成元素及刚玉等方法、性能及用途。、     

Optimization of spraying process and laser treatment of CoNiCrAlY

This article describes the investigation of a new generation of vacuum plasma sprayed CoNiCrAlY coatings on NiCr20Ti in the sprayed as well as the laser-treated condition. The aim of the study was the improvement of MCrAlY coating properties by modifying the microstructure through laser remelting with 5-kW Co₂: lasers. Parameter analysis and optimization was carried out for the vacuum plasma spraying process, as well as for the laser remelting technique. The effect of the laser treatment on microstructure, quality of the coatings, and oxidation as well as hot gas corrosion behavior are reported.     

纳米晶WC-10Co复合粉末的烧结致密化行为

研究了机械合金化纳米晶WC-10Co复合粉末的真空烧结致密化行为和一般规律.结果表明:烧结温度的提高和烧结时间的延长有利于样品的烧结致密化过程,在1 275～1 300℃致密化速度快,在1 300℃,15 min左右致密化过程已基本完成;VC、Cr3C2等复合晶粒长大抑制剂含量的增加不利于致密化过程;新型晶粒长大抑制剂A可以更有效地阻碍晶粒长大;纳米晶WC-10Co-0.8VC/Cr3C2-0.2A复合粉末压坯在1375℃,30min烧结条件下,所得的密度为14.48 g/cm3,晶粒尺寸约为180 nm.     

环保溶剂型真空清洗机

VCM系列环保溶剂型真空清洗机由真空清洗槽、真空蒸馏机、气液分离装置、真空泵、缓冲槽、控制柜等部件组成，采用碳氢化合物溶剂作清洗剂，在完全封闭条件下对工件进行清洗，具有安全、环保、清洗质量好、效率高、节能及运行成本低等优点，其应用推广具有良好的经济和社会效益。     

Microstructure and strength of brazed joints of TiB2 cermet to TiAl-based alloys

In this study, TiB2 cermet and TiAl-based alloy are vacuum brazed successfully by using Ag-Cu-Ti filler metal.The microstructural analyses indicate that two reaction products, Ti ( Cu, Al ) 2 and Ag bused solid solution ( Ag ( s. s ) ) , are present in the brazing seam, and the iuterface structure of the brazed joint is TiB2/TiB2 Ag ( s. s ) /Ag ( s. s ) Ti ( Cu,Al)2/Ti( Cu, Al)2/TiAl. The experimental results show that the shear strength of the brazed TiB2/TiAl joints decreases us thebrazing time increases at a definite brazing temperature. When the joint is brazed at 1 223 K for 5 min, a joint strength up to 173 MPa is achieved.     

Thermoelectric properties of mechanically alloyed iron disilicides consolidated by various processes

Mn doped p-type iron disilicide powders have been produced by a mechanical alloying process. As-milled powders were of metastable state and mostly transformed to β-FeSi₂ phase by subsequent isothermal annealing. As-milled powders were consolidated by various processes such as sintering of the cold compact in vacuum, vacuum hot pressing (VHP), and spray drying/atmospheric plasma thermal spraying. Phase transitions during the processes were investigated using XRD, EDS, and SEM. As-consolidated specimens consisted of a mixture of α-Fe₂Si₅ and ε-FeSi phases, which were gradually transformed into a thermoelectric semiconducting α-FeSi₂ phase by subsequent isothermal annealing in the vicinity of 845°C in vacuum. However, some residual α and ε phases remained even after prolonged annealing. Thermoelectric properties were measured as a function of temperature and correlated with phase transformation. They showed optimum values in the vacuum hot pressed specimen due to a higher fraction of β phase and/or higher density.     

16Co14Ni10Cr2Mo钢制飞机零件真空热处理工艺

１６Ｃｏ１４Ｎｉ１０Ｃｒ２Ｍｏ钢是国外广泛地用于制造飞机重要受力构件的一种经双真空冶炼的新型超高强度结构钢。作者经过试验优选了该钢的真空热处理工艺并用于生产。试验证明：该钢经真空热处理后，表面光亮，无氧化脱碳，且基本上不变形，工艺重现性好。     

浅析我国热处理设备的更新换代

低真空变压热处理技术（包括设备和工艺）是综合低真空热处理和变压热处理的优点的专利技术。该技术的炉气能快速吐故纳新和精确调控,其炉温也能精确控制,且与真空热处理炉相比,其设备的价格也较低廉,是“老三炉”更新换代的理想产品。广泛采用低真空变压热处理技术是缩短我国同发达国家之间差距的捷径之一。     

真空熔炼AZ91镁合金过程中Mg元素的蒸发行为

在真空Ar气氛中熔炼AZ91镁合金，测定了不同精炼温度下Mg元素的蒸发速率。结果表明，随着精炼温度的升高，Mg元素的蒸发量增大。通过计算可知，Mg的蒸气压是Al的10^9倍，是Zn的46倍，因此主要是Mg的蒸发而导致合金其他元素含量升高。XRD分析表明，蒸发物是Mg元素。结合Mg元素的蒸发机制，在该试验条件下推导出Mg元素蒸发率的计算公式以及Mg元素的表观传质系数、蒸发率与精炼温度的关系，计算得出Mg元素蒸发率为0．86×10^-3-1．35×10^3g／cm^2·s，Mg元素的表观传质系数在2×10^-5-24×10^-5cm／s范围内。     

真空渗硼预处理在CVD金刚石-硬质合金涂层工具中的应用

采用固体粉末真空渗硼工艺，研究了硬质合金工具表面真空渗硼预处理对金刚石涂层附着力的影响，研究结果表明，硬质合金工具通过固定粉末真空渗硼处理，表面生成具有较高稳定性的以CoWB、CoB为主的渗层，经过长时间的金刚石涂层后，硬质合金工具表面出现Co3B和W2Co21B6相，没有单质Co相出现，克服了金刚石沉积中硬质合金表面钴的不利影响，使标志金刚石涂层附着力的压痕测试的临界载荷达到了1500N，并且有着较好的重现性。