近太赫兹频段功率源技术发展与应用

太赫兹辐射源是太赫兹技术应用的基础。简要介绍了太赫兹辐射源的类型和发展现状,重点论述了近太赫兹频 段功率器件,主要包括折叠波导行波管、扩展互作用速调管、回旋管、返波器件等。分析了不同应用场景对太赫兹功率 器件的需求,论证相关器件在雷达、预警探测、航天测控等国防装备领域系统的应用。     

640×512 15 μm 杜瓦真空失效的极限真空度研究

真空微型杜瓦内部需要高真空度来降低杜瓦与外界的热交换,保持探测器芯片低温工作温度稳定。不同杜瓦失效的真空度有一定的区别,本文通过对640×512 15 μm 及320×256这两种杜瓦组件进行不同真空度下的静态热负载测试,确定以上两种杜瓦结构的真空失效时的极限真空度。通过对比分析杜瓦组件的真空失效机理及实验数据,提出改进该结构杜瓦真空寿命的措施。     

A Versatile Buffer Layer for Polymer Solar Cells: Rendering Surface Potential by Regulating Dipole

Spin‐coated film of poly(vinylidenefluoride‐hexafluoropropylene) (P(VDF‐HFP)) acts as a cathode/anode buffer layer in polymer solar cells (PSCs) with conventional/inverted device structures. Such devices show optimized performances comparable with the controlled device, making P(VDF‐HFP) a good substitute for LiF/MoO₃ as a cathode/anode buffer layer. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and Kelvin force microscope (KFM) measurements show that increased surface potential of active layers improves cathode contact. In piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) measurement, P(VDF‐HFP) responds to applied bias in phase curve, showing tunable dipole. This tunable dipole renders surface potential under applied bias. As a result, open‐circuit voltage of devices alters instantly with poling voltage. Moreover, positive poling of P(VDF‐HFP) together with simultaneous oxidation of Ag gradually improves performance of inverted structure device. Integer charge transfer (ICT) model elucidates improved electrode contacts by dipole tuning, varying surface potential and vacuum level shift. Understanding the function of dipole makes P(VDF‐HFP) a promising and versatile buffer layer for PSCs.     

A Graphene‐Based Vacuum Transistor with a High ON/OFF Current Ratio

A graphene‐based vacuum transistor (GVT) with a high ON/OFF current ratio is proposed and experimentally realized by employing electrically biased graphene as the electron emitter. The states of a GVT are switched by tuning the bias voltage applied to the graphene emitter with an ON/OFF current ratio up to 10⁶, a subthreshold slope of 120 mV dec^?1 and low working voltages of <10 V, exhibiting switching performances superior to those of previously reported graphene‐based solid‐state transistors. GVTs are fabricated and integrated using silicon microfabrication technology. A perfectly symmetric ambipolar device is achieved by integrating two GVTs, implying the potential of realizing vacuum integrated circuits based on GVTs. GVTs are expected to find applications in extreme environments such as high temperature and intense irradiation.     

空间用晶体振荡器热真空性能研究

空间用晶体振荡器是航天器的重要元器件,为航天器提供计时和产生标准频率.晶体振荡器的使用性能高度依赖于应用和任务环境,热应力、机械应力、辐射应力等都对石英晶体振荡器的使用性能造成影响.在空间真空热环境下,晶体振荡器使用性能与地面常压环境下有很大的不同,为了检验空间用石英晶体振荡器的热真空环境适应性,文章针对空间用石英晶体...     

空间用元器件热真空试验评价方法研究

空间用元器件热真空试验是空间环境模拟试验中非常重要的一项试验,文章通过对空间用元器件热真空环境应力的分析,给出了不同轨道的温度范围以及不同真空度下空间用元器件的物理效应;对空间用元器件热真空试验评价方法进行了研究和探讨,在参照组件、分系统、整星热真空试验方法的基础上,提出了器件级热真空试验程序。介绍了已开展的DC/DC混合集成电路和双向收发器单片集成电路的热真空试验情况和试验结果。试验结果表明,通过热真空试验,可以对空间用元器件热真空环境下的性能和可靠性进行试验评价,为航天用户单位合理选用空间用元器件提供科学依据。     

电子束激励的稀有气体碱金属离子准分子(XeRb)~ 和(KrRb)~ 的真空紫外发射

由相对论电子束激发稀有气体和碱金属Ｒｂ的混合蒸气，观察到来自（ＸｅＲｂ）＋和（ＫｒＲｂ）＋离子准分子的两个真空紫外发射带，其波长分别在１６４ｎｍ和１３３ｎｍ。     

THE EFFECT OF PITCHING YEAST AERATION ON THE PRODUCTION OF ACETIC ACID DURING FERMENTATIONS WITH BREWERS' YEAST: AN ENZYMATIC APPROACH

Aeration of pitching yeast signicantly increases the metabolism of acetate. This increase is particularly noticed at an enzymatic level, with special reference to the specific activity of the Fe⁺⁺⁺ linked pyruvate de-carboxylase which has been shown to be involved in the production of acetic acid. At the beginning of fermentations carried out with aerobic and anaerobic pitching yeasts, an increase in acetic acid production is observed, this is followed by reabsorption. Stabilisation in the concentration of acetic acid is observed until the end of fermentation. Initial and final concentrations of acetic acid obtained during fermentations were significantly higher in fermentations carried out with aerobic pitching yeasts than in fermentations carried out with anaerobic pitching yeasts.     

长线列红外探测器真空密封结构设计

针对长线列碲镉汞红外焦平面探测器封装的特点,文章设计分析相对应的探测器真空密封结构。在用于封装3000元及5000元碲镉汞焦平面红外组件研制中,详细阐明了其真空密封结构的设计和工艺实现。符合航天空间应用的高可靠性真空结构,是长线列探测器组件正常工作并完成地面相关试验验证的关键。     

太赫兹带状注器件

带状注是指束流截面近似为矩形或椭圆形的电子注,且具有大的宽高比。相对于传统的圆形注,带状注具有很多优点,例如大电流和大互作用面积等。由于太赫兹波具有高频率、宽频带、高传输速率等优点,因此太赫兹科学与技术近年来发展迅速。作为一种新型的真空电子器件,太赫兹带状注器件在高功率、高增益、高效率及小型化方面具有良好的技术优势。但是,带状注在传输过程中易出现Diocotron不稳定性,难以保持长距离稳定的聚焦传输,从而导致带状注的技术优势难以发挥。本文综述了带状注的产生成形方式和聚焦传输方法,以及太赫兹带状注器件的研究进展,同时讨论了它所面临的挑战和未来的发展方向。