石嘴山氧化塘净化能力预测

本文的主要目的是预测石嘴山氧化塘在不同面积及水深情况下的净化能力。采用Wehner-Wilhelm设计方法,从预测的结果来看一、三方案净化效果最好,方案二可以满足现有污水量的处理要求。预测结果为氧化塘现在和将来的运行提供参考。最后,通过方案比较建议适时采取不同的方案。     

金沙江中游某坝基软岩的崩解特性试验研究

针对软岩遇水易崩解、软化等特点,以金沙江中游某坝基软岩为例,选取右岸坝基具有代表性的8块泥质粉砂岩岩样,将每块岩样切割成3部分,分别进行干燥单轴抗压强度试验、室内干湿循环崩解和室外自然条件崩解试验。通过拍照和跟踪观察,记录岩样的初崩时间,并进行试验全过程崩解现象的描述,据此,定性地将崩解性由强到弱划分为完全崩解、中等程度崩解、不崩解3个等级。试验结束时,可直观地观察到室内和室外2种条件下岩样的最终崩解对比情况。之后,对室内浸水崩解试验结束后的岩样进行黏粒含量的测定。试验结果表明：干湿循环条件下岩样的崩解要比自然条件下彻底;所取岩样的初崩时间顺序、最终崩解情况与干燥单轴抗压强度、黏粒含量存在较好的相关性。由于软岩的不良物理现象,特别是其崩解性,将不同程度地增加工程施工的难度,对软岩崩解特性的研究,具有实际的工程意义。     

微氧水处理技术的特性及应用研究进展

对于传统的好氧和厌氧而言,微氧水处理技术是在克服好氧反应能耗较大,厌氧反应器对于设备要求较高而出现的。微氧过程中包含的反应有短程硝化和反硝化、同时硝化与反硝化、氧化降解等反应,因此微氧水处理技术可以应用于有机物降解和深度处理。由于显著降低了曝气量,又不需要较高的设备要求,因此又是一种节能的技术。     

A/O MBR与BAF组合工艺处理垃圾渗滤液

采用A/O MBR与BAF组合工艺处理垃圾渗滤液,首先用含苯酚和氨氮模拟废水对种污泥进行预驯化处理,然后切换实际垃圾渗滤液进行通水实验,在不同的进水渗滤液稀释比条件下,系统考察A/O MBR和BAF对COD及氨氮的降解情况.研究结果表明,对于A/O MBR处理单元,当进水稀释比分别为9:1和5:1时,COD与氨氮的去除率可分别保持在90%和60%左右;而当稀释比减小到2:1时,COD与氨氮的去除率会分别减小到80%和35%左右.对BAF处理单元,A/O MBR出水中剩余的COD几乎不能被降解,而剩余的氨氮可被继续降解,其结果可使组合工艺的氨氮去除率提高到75%左右.     

一种嵌入式颗粒显微图像统计系统的设计与实现

为了对颗粒显微图像进行有效地统计与识别,设计了一种以DSP为核心的嵌入式图像采集处理系统.模拟视频信号由视频A/D转换为数字图像,DSP首先利用中值滤波、自适应阈值分割等算法对图像进行预处理,将目标从背景中分离出来,然后采用扫描标记的算法对目标区域加以标记,最后实现对颗粒的数目及面积等几何尺寸的统计.实验结果表明,系统不仅能够对颗粒进行全面、客观地统计分析,而且简单、方便,具有重要的实用价值.     

超声波技术在污泥减量化中的应用研究现状

城市污水厂污泥处理处置已成为行业面临的一个难题。本文介绍了超声波技术在污泥减量化中的研究应用现状,重点阐述了其作用机理,超声波对污泥性质、污泥好氧消化和污泥厌氧消化的影响,最后指出了超声波技术在污泥减量化中的研究发展方向。     

Transformation and performance of granular sequence batch reactor under conventional organic loading rate condition

Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the transformation and performance of a granular sequence batch reactor（SBR） under the conventional organic loading rate（OLR） condition.Aerobic granules were successfully cultivated in a SBR by means of alternative feeding load combined with reducing settling time after 60 d operational period.Subsequently,the black fungal granules were presented in reactor because of the filamentous overgrowth on the surface of aerobic granules.A small amount of fungal granules had no effect on the performance of granular SBR.Aerobic granules completely vanished and fungal granules eventually became the dominant species in subsequent 90 d operation after granulation.The three-dimensional excitation emission matrix（EEM） spectra result shows that the extracellular polymeric substances（EPS） component in both granules has no much difference,whereas the content of EPS in fungal granules is higher than that in bacterial granules.Due to their low bioactivity,the chemical oxidation demand（COD） and NH4-N removal efficiencies gradually decrease from 90.4%–96.5% and 99.5% to 71.8% and 32.9% respectively while the fungal granules become dominant in the SBR.     

Identification and characterization of a glucan-producing enzyme from Lactobacillus hilgardii TMW 1.828 involved in granule formation of water kefir

Water kefir is a home made fermented beverage based on a sucrose solution with fruit extracts. The inoculum of such fermentations consists of macroscopic granula containing lactic and acetic acid bacteria, and yeasts, which are embedded in an exopolysaccharide (EPS) matrix. In this work, a strain of Lactobacillus hilgardii producing large amounts of the granule-forming dextran could be isolated. The glycosyltransferans (Gtf) commonly called glucansucrase responsible for the production of this dextran was purified from L. hilgardii. Characteristic enzyme kinetic data were obtained. Optimum activity was observed between pH 4.3 and 4.6 and temperatures between 40 °C and 45 °C. A Michaelis–Menten kinetic could be fit to the experimental data and a K_M of 0.0385 M was calculated. The corresponding gtf gene was identified and characterized. It encodes a 1448 amino acid protein with higher homologies to Gtfs of Lactobacillus parabuchneri, Lactobacillus sakei and Lactobacillus fermentum followed by lower homologies to Lactobacillus reuteri Gtfs. By knockout experiments the role of this gene in granule dextran production was demonstrated.     

UASB处理垃圾渗滤液内循环运行试验研究

按照UASB内部功能结构分区以及UASB内循环工艺及其特点，建造了2组试验模型，以常规的UASB处理工艺为对比组模型，在对比组的基础上增加内循环为试验组模型。通过对2组模型的对比试验及试验结果分析，探讨UASB内循环工艺对处理效率的提高程度。