不同尾翼两厢轿车的气动特性数值模拟

为了研究尾翼对汽车气动性能的影响,建立两厢轿车简化后的三维模型,为其设计了三种造型不同的汽车尾翼.使用商业的CFD软件--ANSYS Fluent,对安装了三种不同尾翼的两厢轿车的外部流场进行三维空气动力学数值模拟.文中综合造型、动力性、经济性、稳定性对结果进行对比,分析安装这三种尾翼时两厢轿车的空气动力学特性差异以及...     

飞行仿真中基于FLUENT气动系数计算的应用研究

气动系数模块是飞行性能仿真中的主要组成部分,主要完成飞行性能仿真中气动力和力矩的计算,气动系数数值的准确与否对飞行性能仿真的逼真度起关键性作用。由于计算机的发展,计算流体力学CFD（ComputationalFluidDynamics）的地位与作用很快得到提高。以纵向气动系数为例,探索利用计算流体力学CFD软件FLUENT对飞机进行实体建模,从而弥补气动数据的不准确或不完备问题,建立完备而准确的气动数据库,实时在线解算气动系数,进一步真实模拟飞机的飞行性能。     

专业基础课素质教育研究与实践

根据素质教育的内涵，选择专业基础课《空气动力学与飞行力学》进行了试验，提出了主要培养目标和具体的实践方案，并付诸了实施，进行了相应的推广。     

基于遗传算法的扰流防舞机理研究

采用遗传算法导出了扰流防舞器的空气动力特性表达函数，在加装扰流防舞器后，通过改变其系统的空气动力特性，可以有效地抑制舞动现象的发生。该算法较大地提高了导线起舞的临界风速，具有较为明显的防舞效果，为这种新型防舞器提供了计算依据，并验证了其防舞效果。     

Experimental and semi-analytical studies on the aerodynamic forces acting on a vehicle passing through the wake of a bridge tower in cross wind

In a strong cross wind, sudden change of wind velocity in the wake of a bridge tower causes rapid change of the aerodynamic forces acting on a passing vehicle, which may result in an accident due to driver’s miss-steering. This paper discusses and clarifies the transient characteristics of the aerodynamic forces acting on a ground vehicle in high cross winds when the vehicle is passing through the wake of a bridge tower using a scale model in a wind tunnel experiment. Various parameters, such as wind speed and direction, type of vehicle and tower, were considered in the study.The side force and yawing moment acting on the vehicle model were measured using strain gauges on the model-supporting system that was designed as two cantilever beams with high stiffness. Characteristics of the aerodynamic forces acting on the vehicle model were described and the prediction methods that considered the wind non-uniformity acting on the vehicle were proposed and their applicability was studied.For the side force, the quasi-steady forces based on the relative wind velocity acting at the c.g. of the vehicle model generally agreed with the measured results. Changes in side force were found to be more or less proportional to the wind speed distribution. For the yawing moment, however, the quasi-steady prediction did not agree well with the measured results due to the wind non-uniformity. Therefore, a modified prediction method was proposed that included the effects of wind non-uniformity in a simple manner. Depending on the case, the agreement of prediction and measured results was still not good quantitatively, but from the qualitative point of view, the proposed prediction method could reproduce the yawing moment peak that was similar to the experimental results.     

A computational model to calculate the flow-induced pressure fluctuations on buildings

A computational model to predict the flow-induced pressure fluctuation on bluff bodies is presented. Unlike direct and large-eddy simulation, the present model employs a stochastic model to generate plausible velocity fluctuations (synthetic turbulence) that satisfy the mean turbulent quantities such as turbulent kinetic energy (k) and dissipation energy rate (ε). This model has three main components: (1) prediction of mean flow quantities by solving the 3D Navier-Stokes equations using the standard k-ε model with Kato and Launder modifications; (2) generating a synthetic turbulent velocity field using a stochastic model and finally (3) solving the Poisson equation that governs the pressure fluctuations field. Flow around the low-rise building at Texas Tech was analyzed using the developed model. Two different wind angles of attack are considered for the analysis. Results obtained using the developed model are compared with wind tunnel and field measurements. The computed rms values for pressure fluctuations show good agreement with the experimental results.     

Ornament and function

The architects and builders in the past lacked our knowledge concerning fluid dynamics, but they exhibited a deep rooted ability to observe and reflect ‐ thus, different cultures have developed by trial and error. The authors have produced a stimulating analysis which couples the science of fluid dynamics and a sensitive understanding of past cultures. The paper is recommended reading.     

Characterization of aerodynamic performance of wind-lens turbine using high-fidelity CFD simulations

Wind-lens turbines (WLTs) exhibit the prospect of a higher output power and more suitability for urban areas in comparison to bare wind turbines. The wind-lens typically comprises a diffuser shroud coupled with a flange appended to the exit periphery of the shroud. Wind-lenses can boost the velocity of the incoming wind through the turbine rotor owing to the creation of a low-pressure zone downstream the flanged diffuser. In this paper, the aerodynamic performance of the wind-lens is computationally assessed using high-fidelity transient CFD simulations for shrouds with different profiles, aiming to assess the effect of change of some design parameters such as length, area ratio and flange height of the diffuser shroud on the power augmentation. The power coefficient (C_p) is calculated by solving the URANS equations with the aid of the SST k–ω model. Furthermore, comparisons with experimental data for validation are accomplished to prove that the proposed methodology could be able to precisely predict the aerodynamic behavior of the wind-lens turbine. The results affirm that wind-lens with cycloidal profile yield an augmentation of about 58% increase in power coefficient compared to bare wind turbine of the same rotor swept-area. It is also emphasized that diffusers (cycloid type) of small length could achieve a twice increase in power coefficient while maintaining large flange heights.     

Full-scale pressure measurements on a Sparkman and Stephens 24-foot sailing yacht

The aerodynamics of a Sparkman and Stephens 24-foot sailing yacht was investigated. Full-scale pressure measurements were performed on the mainsail and the genoa in upwind condition. Pressure taps were adopted to measure the pressures on three horizontal sections on the windward and leeward sides of the two sails. Several trims and apparent wind angles were tested. The present paper shows the pressure distributions on the sails and correlates the measured pressures with the flow pattern. In particular, leading-edge laminar separation bubble, turbulent reattachment and turbulent separation are discussed. Pressure measurements are also adopted to draw some trim guidelines.